484 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
Trbb-Fkllin« Machine.— An English firm 
has invented a tree-felling machine, and at a 
recent series o£ experiments to test its powfcsr 
Mr. Gladstone was present: 
The trce-feller had been operating be '/are 
bis arrival, a row of oaks and elms whi' jfc la- 
on one side of the meadow attesting i A c&pa- 
ffiiSL When Mr. Gladstone rear ^ 
scone the tree-feller was carried to' M base 0 f 
a solid young «>»k, l>ctween two an 4 three feet 
i* diameter- AH the fixing it rr ^ wa8 * 
man thrusting a crowbarmtot je pound be- 
hind to steady it ; while a sea jD d steadied tie 
saw blade at the free end w> ^ his handa until 
a few strokes gave it a bea’^g in the trunk of 
the tree, just clear of the ground. The opera- 
tion of the saw blade w x3 precisely analogous 
to that of a carpenter usin g a ripping saw to 
cut a sapling clkise to tl\e ground. In four 
minutes after steam w as turned on the tree 
fell, and a met tsurero'.ent of the section gave a 
diameter of t’>treef'eet 1 inch in the widest 
part, and tw o fee', 3 inches in the narrowest. 
Mr. Gle Ashore watched the process with a 
critical r »» 8 nd declared that be had been 
most ir .(^rested, but that the machine waa 
suscer xtV*.e of larger application in othef 
cour ts than in this, Scotland even offering 
a b xjter field for its operations than England. 
being asked by a bystander how Jong such 
a tree would take an expert woodcutter to fell, 
toe said he thought it would be very nearly a 
.day's work; but on this point he consulted his 
son who seems to have inherited the paternal 
taste for felling limber. The honorab le mem- 
ber for Whitby did not think it w» j quite a 
dav’s work. Then Mr. Gladstone explained 
to a little circle of interested auditors, in re- 
sponse to queries, or by way of comparing 
notes with one or two experts among them, 
that from the kind of the labor six hours 
continual wood chopping was a very good 
day's work. There would be great economy 
of timber from the use of the machine, as it 
cut close to the ground ; whereas a man must 
have “face” of at least a foot. His own 
experience was that oak, though very hard, 
was not a bad tree to cut, for the grain broke 
off easily, and did not cling to the axe. Beech 
was far tougher, that and ash being the two 
most difficult to fell of our English trees on 
account of their bending to the axe. Ash was 
subject to fracture in felling, and he had a 
splinter of ash that bad bro’sen off in this 
way in his own experience, two feet eight 
inches in length. The pleasantest timber to 
cut was Spanish chestnut, because it came 
away so freely, the grain breaking easily 
Yew was the most horrible, thing to cut of all 
forest trees. Of holly he. had no experience 
beyond a specimen twenty inches in diam- 
eter. 
bead of a g m olt figured in the Gardeners' 
i Chronicle 0 f May 4. It is positively loath- 
some. And this is the effect of the disease 
which bas been proving so destructive to 
the, nelplees creatures in some of the North- 
ern rivers, especially the Esk, Eden, Kent, 
and even the Tweed we believe. Mr. Worth- 
ington Smith has been making some inqui- 
ries into the nature of this disease which is 
killing not only salmon and trout, but eels, 
flounders, and other fish. He finds it to be a 
fungus (Saprolegnia ferax), which attacks 
mainly the head, tail and fins. The scales 
appear to be covered with a fine white 
cottony bloom, which at length blinds the 
fish, envelops the gills, or even entirely eloses 
the gills and mouth. Mr. Smith thinks the 
reason for the extraordinary abundance of 
the fungus this year is the unusual mild- 
ness of the winter. It seems only to attack 
the fish in fresh water, those in the estuaries 
escaping. We trust for the sake of our food 
supplies as well as on account of our genial 
friends, the anglers, not to mention the poor 
fish themselves, that some means will be 
found of preventing the spread pf the dis- 
ease.— Nature. 
American Tea. — R ecent experiments at the 
■Government Department of Agriculture at 
Washington would seem to show that we may 
cultivate as good tea in this country aB can 
V>e imported from the Flowery Kingdom. Two 
veteran tea importers of Baltimore, who hav- 
ing spent some years in China were thor- 
oughly acquainted with all the varieties of 
the tea plant, and the methods employed in 
curing it, were invited to experiment with the 
plants at Washington, and the result is thus 
printed in the Washington Post : 
“ The leaves gathered were the young tips, 
two or three only being taken from the top of 
each plant. They were then carried to the 
laboratory and turned over to Messrs. Gill to 
be cured. They began operations by placing 
a portion of them in a sieve aud holding it 
over a pan of boiling water until the leaves 
were thoroughly wilted. They were then put 
in a thick cloth and subjected to a heavy 
pressure to express the juice or sap, which 
contains a large quantity of tannic acid. When 
taken from the cloth they formed a solid 
mass very glutmous, and somewhat difficult 
to separate. In this stage the leaves can be 
made to assume any shape desired, and it is 
when they are in this condition that the Chi- 
nese make them up into the different brands, 
like gunpowder, imperials, etc. After hav- 
ing been thoroughly separated, the leaves 
were next ‘ fired.’ This was done by placing 
them in a tin pan over a gas fire, taking care 
not to permit the bottom to get hot enough 
to bum, and gently stirring them with the 
hand until perfectly cured. When the pro- 
cess was complete, the tea was of a deep 
green color, and resembled very much Chi- 
nese Oolong, or a Japan tea, such as is used 
by the natives of those countries. I n appear- 
ance, it compared very favorably with a sam- 
ple shown by the Messrs. Gill, which cost $3 
per pound in Japan. The whole process did 
not take an hour from the time the leaves 
were first plucked, and so soon as boiling 
water could be procured tea was made and 
presented to the ladies and gentlemen who 
had witnessed the experiment. It was pro- 
A Novel Rudder.— The commander of one 
of our immense ocean steamships must be a 
man fertile in expedients. The National 
Line steamship Denmark , on a recent voy- 
age from England to this port, when 1,320 
miles from New York was struck by a heavy 
gale, and her rudder carried away. This is 
what Captain Williams did : 
“ He first used a drogue, employing for the 
purpose sixteen feet of spar bound astern by a 
fourteen-inch hawser, which was worked 
with the guys through the sheaves on the arms 
of the main-top-sail-yard, which was placed 
athwart the quarter-deck. After this had been 
arranged the ship was brought to the wind 
and made headway at full speed- When off 
Shinnecock light, on the 22d inst., they were 
spoken by a White Star Line steamer, which 
reported them at Sandy Hook. Meantime, 
for narrow sea sailing, Captain Williams de- 
vised a new steering apparatus. He cut away 
two iron fidley gates, strapped them together 
and backed them with wood. These he 
lashed to a spar which, by means of a derrick, 
was held in position. Lines wf re run from 
it to the ends of the maintopsail yard, placed 
as before, and then carried to a winch with 
port and starboard drums *by which the spar 
could be worked as a rudderr and serve its 
purposes. By means of this contrivance the 
Denmark was able to make nine and a half 
knots an hour from Shinnecock to the light- 
ship, end came up the bay till taken in tow 
by tugs." 
Tiffany A Co., Silversmiths, 
Jewellers, and Importers, have 
always a large stock of silver 
articles for prizes for shooting, 
yachtin.g, racing and other 
sports v and on request they pre- 
pare special designs for similar 
purposes. Their TIMING 
Watches are guaranteed 
fo.r accuracy, and are now very 
generally used for sporting and 
scientific requirements. TIF- 
FANY & CO. are also the agents 
in America for Messrs. PATEK, 
PHILIPPE & CO., of Geneva, of 
whose celebrated watches they 
have a full line. Their stock of 
Diamonds and other Precious 
Stones, General Jewelry, Artis- 
tic Bronzes and Pottery, Electro- 
plate and Sterling Silverware 
for Household use, fine Station- 
ery and Bric-a-brac, is the 
largest in the world, and the 
public are invited to visit their 
establishment without feeling 
the slightest obligation to pur- 
chase. 
UNION SQUARE, NEW YORK 
Jloticc. 
DR. W. F. CARVER, 
OF CALIFORNIA, 
Champion Rifl© Shot of the 
World, 
will give an exhibition of Ills wonderful 
GLASS BALL SHOOTING WITH WIN- 
CHESTER RIFLE, 
AT 
BROOKLYN DRIVING PARK, 
(Late Deerfoot,) 
BROOKLYN, N. Y., 
JULY' 4, 6 and G, 
Commencing at 3 o’c lock P. M. Bach Day. 
DR. CARVER Is the originator of GIusb Ball 
snooting with a rlllo, ami has no equal In the 
world ns a rifle shot. At New Haven, Conn., June 
12, over 6,000 people witnessed Ills _ exhlbtion. 
During his recent tour across the Continent ho has 
exhibited before upwards of 60,000 people. .Before 
leaving New York he will undertake an astonishing 
feat of endurance and aklU-that of breaking 6,500 
glass balls, thrown Into the air, In 600 minutes, with 
a Winchester Rifle. 
ADMISSION, 50 cents. BOYS, 25 cents. 
gtubliqationB. 
NOW READY. 
HALLO OK’ S 
American Club List, 
A Patent Fish Basket.— The best part of 
eome stories comes at the very end. For that 
reason we give only the concluding paragraph 
of a Sandy Hill, N. Y., yarn : 
It’s tiresome work following a brook, and 
thirsty. Toward nigh' , by the time they had 
reached At. Babcock’s, William was nearly 
parched ; so he got over the fence into B.’s 
yard, started for the well, meeting At. “ What 
luck?" said At. “Good,” said Bill, “got 
thirty nice ones— I’ll show you,” and he care- 
fully undid the cover and looked into the 
wicker. As be did so his eyes expanded, his 
chin dfopped and a look of bewildered as- 
tonishment overspread his features. It was 
marvelous ! And “ still he gazed and still his 
wonder grew ” at the sight -nothing but a few 
chips, a small hard-head and apiece of broken 
rail to be seen — not a fin of fish 1 Raising his 
head he slowly repeated in a wondering voice ; 
“ Chips, stones, piece of rail. It beats the 
devil!” Babcock approached the basket, 
looked in, burst into a laugh and thrust his 
bands clean through it. C. had been gazing 
through that basket at the chips, etc., upon 
the ground. All day long, with Job-like pa- 
tience, had this weary fisherman trudged 
beside and through the brook, catching “thirty 
nice ones ” and depositing them one by one 
upon the ground, through the basket. After 
a time Liakum came up. There was a smile 
upon his face, for he had a good string. He 
had been following behind William. 
A P 0 LLINARIS 
NATURAL 
Mineral Water. 
HIGHLY EFFERVESCENT. 
APPROVED by the Academic dc Medicine of France, 
and its sale In Prance authorized by special order of 
exom ru e ml eci 'by 1 : heii Igb e s C Medical Authorities 
jn New York as 
-‘A great relief for seasickness. 
“A dellgiitful beverage." „ 
“ Far superior to Vichy, Seltzer, or any other. 
“ Most grutefal and refreshing.’ 
“Absolutely pure and wholesome ; superior to all 
for daily nse ; free lrorn all the objections urged 
against Croton and artificially aerated waters. 
" Impregnated only with its own gas.” 
“ Useful and very agreeable.’ 
"Healthful aud well tultcd for Dyspepsia and 
cases of acute disease.” 
“ Mildly antacid ; agrees well with dyspeptics, and 
where there is a gouty diathesis," 
By far the most ae. eeable, alone or mixed witn 
wine, useful In Cstarrhs < f Stomach or Bladder, and 
Id Gout.” ,, 
“ Not only a luxury, but a necessity . 
To be had of all Wine Merchants, Grocers, Drug- 
gists, and Mineral Water Dealers throughout the 
United States, and wholesale of 
FHED’K DE BARY & CO., 
SOLE A GENTS, 
Nos. 41 and 43 WARREN ST., N. Y. 
Every Genuine Bottle hears the Registered YEL- 
LOW Pictorial Label of the 
APOLLINARIS CO. (LIMITED), LONDON. 
nounced excellent, the experts present saying 
that the flavor was between that of a high 
grade of Japan and the finest Moyune China 
green teas.” 
AND 
SPORTSMAN’S CLOSSARY. 
FORMS OF OEOANIZATION AND RULES FOR PRACTICE 
IN RIFLE, BASE BALL, YACHTING, PIOEON, GLASS 
BALL AND OTHER PASTIMES. 
Issued in pocket form, “cloth, price 60c. Every 
member of every clnb should have a copy. Clu s 
eupplled at trade discount. For sale by 
FOREST & STREAM PUBUSHING CO. 
Ill FULTON 6T., NEW YORK, 
tw Discount to dealers In sporting goods. 
binders. 
styles 
if required. 
E. WALKER’S SONS, 14 Dey street.' 
Bnttfdjf 3<tgMcitumi- 
Sffufitirte ffitnftQfltt in 'gleuieieti ber gagerei. 
$>eiau6gcgeben unb rebuilt bon 8r. non 3»‘rnol«. 
Srldjclnt am 8. unb 22 , elncfl itben Ononatfl unb bt» 
(iditiQl fid) mb 6et 9 taturge(d)ia)te befl ZBilbc«, ©llb« 
»ud)t, 3 agbfd)ub, SSaibgertdjtcn, 9Iu6flbuug bet 3 agb: 
SDrcifirtunfi, 3agb« unb gangmetfioben ic. antejcfiante 
flulfiUic fiber 3 agblld)e SeglMation. Aotj. ""6 
blebgeidfidJtcn ic. 6« ift ba« officletle Organ bt« .?UI> 
gemelnen ®eut|d)en SagWV’®”''" 6 ''- ®A* 9 0l $l a * 
tionen finb Don ben beflen b c u 1 ( d) e u 3 q gbm a let 11 • 3 e b 1 1 
Sabiaung umfa§t ble Belt coin b. October bt« jum 22. 
September unb rotrb gcbunbtn bit 3 lexbe iebefi 
tll4c0 jetn. olertt fj 4brl ( d) 4 dart. 
Ulan obonnlrt buxd) ligenb lueldje ©udjbnnMung obtt 
bltcttoom ©eilcger, Hbtefic: 
git. non Swcrnols, 
«llcnbcrg, VroDlnj ®ad)fcn, 
Germany. 
^tobc*9lummetn gratia. 
Dressed Fish Skins.— In the Japanese ex- 
hibit at the Centennial, the prepared skins of 
the shark and sturgeon were very remarka- 
ble. The former are much used by the 
Japanese as handles for their swords, and the 
skins of the sturgeon for various ornamental 
purposes. The preparation of the sturgeon 
skins was remarkably beautiful, the differ- 
ence of coloring being of the most artistic 
character. At the Paris Exhibition, Norway 
will send fish skin gloves, eel skins prepared 
for harness, with Bbark elflns ten feet long 
and three feet wide, with whale skins sixty 
feet long, which can be used for driving 
bands. 
SEND STAMP TOR ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST. 
L \ Wowve*. 
80 & 82 WILLIAM STREET NEW YORK 
O N THE EBB. By Chas. F. Hotchkiss, Short 
N Beach, Branford, Coon. Trice $1. This 
of miscellaneous sketches contains 
tlon about salt water fishing on Long l8lon '' 
useful to fUbermen. J eo 
Don’t Catch Weeds and Logs, 
BUT CATCH FIKH. 
Brn9h’s Patent Float Trolling Spoons entirely over- 
come the defects heretofore found In all other 
spoons— viz., running so deep as to catch weeds and 
logs, and below where the fish Bee them. Made of the 
best material. Bass size, 76 cents; pickerel, ; 
rauskalonge, *1.25. Each by mall— 25 cents extra 
for gold-plated. Address, 
HENRY C. BRUSH, Brunhton, Fritnhllu 
Co., New York. I»&y9 M 
petAMk seHiLiV’S 
AMERICAN' 
Diseased Fish.— Any one who has seen the 
graceful snout of a salmon or a trout, es- 
pecially if he has looked upon it after an 
hour’s exciting spin on a river or Highland 
loch, will be filled with disgust and, if an 
angler, with grief, on beholding the horrible 
— A child’s bed should slope a little from 
the head to the foot, so that the head may be 
a little higher than the feet — but never bend 
the neck to get the head on to a pillow. This 
makes the child round-shouldered, cramps 
the veins and arteries, and interferes with the 
free circulation of the blood. Even where a 
child is several years old the pillow should be 
t hin, and made of hair, not feathers. 
T HE GREAT NEW YORK AQUARIUM. 
Broadway and 85th st. 
FINEST COLLECTION of FISHES In the WORLD. 
Performances at 2:30 and 8 o’clock r. m. 
MlssANGIK 8CHOTT In the wonderful seance. 
LE SALON DU DIABLE. or the DEVIL’S STATUE, 
In whlob figures appear and disappear In an astonish- 
ing manner. Also the amusing performance, 
MASKS AND FACE8. 
Admission, 60 cents ; children, half price ; no ex- 
tra charges. Coney Island Aqoarlum now open, 
with W. u. Coup’s Broncho Horses. 
Partridge & Fneasant Shooting- 
Describing the Haunts, Habits, and Metho ^ 
Bunting and Shooting the American paixl- 
Rnffed Gronse— Pheasants, with direction* mr^u ^ 
;lng the gnu, hunting the dog, and ^°| tln t r n de 
wing. Price. *2. liberal discount to the ^ ^ 
To be had at book stores generally. g6ot . 
one double-barrel breech-loading oentrai 
gun, 12-gange. AddresB, 
Frank Schleyi 
ootu Frederick city, Md. 
