22 
FOREST AND STREAM- 
FLUKES IN DEERS’ LIVERS. 
Philadelphia, Fcbrnaty 12, 1875. 
Editor Forest and Stream — 
"Pacific" doe* an Injustice to your Intelligent correspondent “J. II. 
B.” whom I know to be, n» yon remark, a close observer. HI* discovery 
tli at the biliary ducts of the deer arc Infested with "flakes’’ ulUtorna 
hepa/ieum. or fasciola tupatlca ) Is a most Interesting and valnable one. 
It lias been denied by some veterinary surgeons that this parasite I* In- 
digenous or even exists in this country, and that our elieep conld not be 
infested with It. excont through imported subject*. But 1 have detect- 
ed It In my own sheep, in which It existed a* an accompaniment of tho 
rot, and I have nlso fonnd It In a flock at Babylon, L 1. Nowthatlt 
has been found in our native deer (und I expect It will ulso be fonnd 
pre-ent In the liver of the antelope a* well, and probably In that of the 
Rocky Mountain sheep); the fact that It 1* more widely prevalent among 
our sheep than has been supposed or admitted, mny he accounted for. 
The discovery Is of great Interest, not only to sportsmen, naturalist*, 
and veterinary surgeons, but to farmers, who arc very much concerned 
In the knowledge that it is Indigenous, and their flocks may be subject 
to It wherever deer, antelope, rabbits, or hnres are found, or have rc- 
ccnllyoxlstnd, for all these animals maybe bearers of the ‘flukes.’’ 
That there I* no morn deadly discaso than that kuown as the "liver rot" 
or the "rot" to which sheep are subject, makes It very important for ns 
to know as much ns posslblo of the natural history of the parasite to 
which the disease Is attrlontod, or by which It Is always accompanied. 
Sportsmon should nil be closo and accurate .observers, for they have 
many opportunities of gathering valuable facts In natural history. Nev- 
ertheless. there are very few who can tell you how many teeth a deer hne 
upon the lower Jaw more than the upper, or whether the deer has a gall 
bladder or not. How few, too, ever search tho viscera of tho animals 
thoy kill for parasltos. Hbnrt Stewart. 
RE-ANIMATION OF FROZEN FISH. 
Pnu.ADEi.pniA, February 13, 1815. 
Editor Forest and Stream:— 
Noticing remarks In your issue of Fob. 11th on Suspended Animal Ion 
bv Freezing. 1 would soy, 1 am In the nqnnrlum business in this city, 
and havo opportunities to observe this phenomenon. During a severe 
cold spell, which lasted from Saturday until Tuesday, I had suspended 
In my show window a small globe, containing about n half pint of water 
aud a small gold fl«h. Upon opening the store on Monday morning 1 
found the water frozen solid, witn the Ileh lying on Its side on the bottom 
of the globe. It remained lu thl* condition till Tuesday noon, when the 
Ice having melted, It regained Its equilibrium and swam nbout with its 
accustomed uctivity. This happened since with the same fish, In the 
same globe, and in tho same situation; and to day It swims nbout as 
usual. I have long been familiar with the fact of fish undergoing sus- 
pended animation, mid furnish those detail# for tbo satisfaction of your 
correspondent A. 11. Mowry. Yours truly, E. W. Taxis. 
[We have several letters to print on this subject. — Ed.] 
DaVENPOHT, MASSACHUSETTS, ) 
February 2, 1875. | 
Edttou Forest and Stream-.— 
A few days since a bnltl or white-headed eagle, ( JlaUatus 
Uucortpfuilus,) was shot at Rowley, Mass. , by Edward 
Richardson. A Might dcscriplion of these birds may not 
be out of place; they are large and powerful, with a strong 
curved beak and sharp claws; tbeir plumage is of a deep 
brown, with the exception of the head and tail, which are 
white. These beauiilul birds are occasionally Been soaring 
in wide sweeping circles far above, though no motion ot 
tho wings is visible; they rise higher and higher till lost 
from view. They seldom bleed, except in retired spots 
near Hie 6ea or other large body of water, where they build 
a bulky nest of large slicks, twigs, sea-weed and moss, 
which is nearly flat, and is generally placed in the fork of 
a dead tree. Instances nre recorded of their breeding far 
inland. .1 . A. Allen says that “this species sometimes 
breeds on Mount Tom, about twenty miles north of Spring- 
field, Mass." These birds are rare in New England. There 
are one or two tine specimens in the Museum of the Pen- 
body Academy of Science, at Salem, which were shot in 
Essex County. Yours truly, A. F. Q. 
Calais, Me., February 1, 187?. 
Editor Forest and Stream — 
In rending Nimrod's account of the whlto head eagle catching his own 
fish (which, by llie way, is not uncommon), I was remiuded bow one 
went fishing for himself, Instead of letting the fl*h hawk do his Ashing, 
and caught a Tmar, or something worse. Two fishermen were attending 
their weirs on oar river, whoa thoy observed a whlto bead eagle strike 
something upon tbo surface of the water, and the suine iu-tant it gave 
a scream of distress, and with outstretched wings it was most suddenly 
taken under tho water. After full ten minutes, It appeared upon the sur- 
face apparently llfelosa. It was taken Into the boat, aud after a time 
began to show signs of life; lu about an hour It stood upon its feet, was 
brought to mo ami kept allvo thirty-two days, In which time it never 
partook of a morsol of food, although supplied with abundance, ami after 
•o loug a fuet It appeared strong and well, and its body is , julle plump. 
The flehermen conld not tell what tho caglo caught, or what caught the 
eagle— possibly a largo seal Yours truly, Geo. A. Boardman. 
Northampton, Mass., February 6, 1875. 
Editor Forest and Stream:— 
Nolicing "L. W. L.V communication In regard to the Corythns 
EnucUa(or, I wo ild say that about once In 11 Vo years they are quite plenty 
here; at other times quite rare. I shot thirteen ouo day recently, and as 
is my usual custom, examined the contents of tbeir stomachs, and found 
they contained plno bnds exclusively, although shot amongst birches. 
I have seen them amoug spruce, but nover saw thorn i-ullng the buds. 
Will E D , of Montreal, please give a more dotlnito description of (ho 
bhd described by him in your laat Issue? Most respectfully, 
G. W. ClUTTEDNEN. 
ghe gunnel. 
Rocks Pedigree.— We publish to-day (lie pedigree of 
Mr. Lulher Adams' celebrated dog “Rock,” recently arrived 
on this 6ide of the Atlantic, and whose history was given 
some weeks ago in this journal. The pedigree of Mr. 
Hackett's first prize Birmingham setter Rake, a descendant 
of this same strain, was printed in our issue of January 
21st, and is therefore omitted here. 
Kentucky Bench Show.— The first annual exhibition 
and tournament of the Kentucky State Sportsmen’s Asso- 
ciation will be held at Paris, Ky., May 18th, 19th, and20lh— 
prizes for class shootlug aud bench show of setters and 
pointers. We shall print programme and rules in our next 
i isue. 
— A letter from Mr. E. W. Hope, of Riverside, La Grange, 
Missouri, renewing his challenge, will appear next week. 
PEDIGREE OF FIELD TRIAL SETTER DOG “ROCK.' 
"HOCK" wo* bred by Barclay Field, Murk Lane, London: Imported and owned hy Luther Adams, Boston. This strain of setter has 11 
clear pedigree extending back for more than eighty y<-nri through the Laveruck blood, and lias now the most successful prize winners a 1 
shows and Held trlalaof any strain of getter in Greut Britain. 
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GENTLEMEN’S SPORTING 
NEW YORK. 
KENNEL OF 
T HE idea of establishing a kennel for the gentlemen 
sportsmen of New York originated with Dr. Stra- 
chan, of this city, and is supported by Messrs. Bennett, Doug- 
las, and Lamson, gentlemen whose wealth and enterprise 
give fair promise of developing it into something of which 
American sportsmen mny be proud. Dr. L. has been long 
known as the promoter of fine breeds of pointers and set- 
ters, some of which were imported to this country by the 
late Sir Frederick Bruce, the British minister, who was an 
enthusiastic sportsman. The Doctor has done a great deal 
in pnst years in a private way to advance the interest in 
fine breeds of dogs. His dogs have never been in the mar- 
ket, although perhaps he lias given away to gentlemen 
sportsmen a large number of very valuable specimens, and 
claims to have some of the finest pointers and setters in 
the country in his possession. Of late they have increased 
to such a number that the plan of starting a gentleman’s 
breeding kennel was suggested by him, and the aforesaid 
gentlemen readily took up the scheme; the chief object 
being to breed upon scientific principles, aud by careful 
selections to establish strains of dogs which cannot be im- 
proved in any country. A systematic book of pedigrees 
will be kept, and no dogs allowed to live or go from tiie 
kennel not likely to bring credit upon it. The object 
will not be to sell dogs, but after a lime there will always 
be a few surplus dogs, by which the public may benefit. 
The kennel is to be situated in Orange county, under the 
care of Dr. Slrachan’s trainer and celebrated shot, Dock. 
Stuart, whose fame in woodcraft aud as a breaker of dogs 
is widespread. The dogs already in the kennel number 
about thirty, including five separate strains of setters and 
pointers, amongst them Mr. Bennett’s black, tan, and white 
brace of Gordon setters, for which he paid $1,000 in gold 
in England. The bitch has at present a beautiful litter of 
half a dozen puppies. 
-♦•*- 
IMPORTING AND INBREEDING. 
„ „ Boston, Feb. 8th, 1875. 
Editor Forest and Stream:— 
The perusal of an article in last weeks’ "Sportsman," printed from 
Borxcss’ Book on Doga, which is in press, has suggested n query to my 
mind which 1 think yon are able to give an answer to, namely, whether 
the practice of Inbreeding to the extent to which It is done by the best 
English dog tuuciers, and notably by Mr. Laveruck, has not been carried 
about as fut as is advisable. It was the careful consideration of the 
Lnvcrack bitch Fairy’s pedigree that raised the doubt in my inlud us to 
whether a new strain would not Improve the stock 
The pedigree of this bitch, imported and owned by Mr. Raymond, is 
given In full for eight gen. rations, or rather strictly speaking for six ; 
but the breeding of some of the dogs who appeur in the last, or rather 
first generation of Oils pedigree, is carried back two generations futther, 
In the accompanying pedigree of " Pride of the Border.’’ From this 
pedigree It appears that Fatty tuns right hack for eight generations, to 
the same two— namely Ponto and Old Moll. 
Take thecase of hcrgrandapi. Bell 2d; herdam und sire were own brolher 
and sister, f. <r., Rock 2d aud Cora, cut of Jet 1st, by Regent ; so that In- 
stead of four grandparents, she only had two, and they were brother and sis- 
ter, out of Mol) 2d by Pilot, so that Belle only had two great-grandparent* 
instead of eight, and her grcnt-grnndparents, being brother and sister, hot 
grcat-grent-grnndpnrents numbered two Instead of sixteen, the two be- 
ing Dash 1st and Bell 1st, who laslly were brother and sister by Ponto, 
out of Old Moll— these last representing what, without uny in-breeding 
would have been thirty-two great-great-great grandparents. 
The family of this bitch Fairy carried buck eight generations, which 
without in breeding should consist of 255 individuals, does, In point nf 
fact, consist of nineteen, viz:— Ponto, Old Moll, Moll, 2nd and 3d ; Pi 
lot, Rock, 1st and 2nd ; Peg, Dash 1st. and 2nd ; Bell. 1st and 2nd ; Re- 
gent, Jet, Cora, 1st and 2nd; String and Fairy. Now, without wishing 
to set my opinion against that of men who hnve made a stndy and occu 
palion of this matter, it does seem to tne that in this case in-breeding ha- 
been carried, I will not say too fur, but far enough, and I think that If I 
weie fortunate enough to own such dogs ns Fairy and Pride of the Bnr 
der, who is nbout the same descent, I should try very hard to find some- 
thing worthy of being crossed with them. 
There is no fact In medical science better established by stnlislici 
carefully collected by good observers, than that, the progeny of blood re- 
lations, in the human race, have o decided tendency to idiocy, cretinism, 
and that form of low vitality and imperfect nutrition which is known 
ns ecroTula. On the oilier band, I know that desert islands have been 
populated by the progeny of a single pair of goats or rubbits, and that 
far as knowing there has been no depreciation in the quality of tho 
!-tock. It is well known, also, that a singlo pair of trout will in time 
stock u pond, but are these not the two extremes, and is it. not probable 
that ns we go higher in the animal scale and approach nearer to the men- 
tal perfection of the hitman race, and certainly the dog and horse stand 
well up In tlint scale, we may find more and mere tendency to snller from 
the effects of breeding in ? 
Of conrsc it will be said that theorizing is very well, but tho foci i« 
that it is by this very in-breeding that the magnificent strain of the mod- 
ern English setter has been obtained. Granted, but by what careful se- 
lection and weeding out of the weak and sickly ones has Mils been done 
I do not speak from knowledge, but I rather think that in a litter of mips 
from a pair of thoroughbred Laverocks, there will be very apt to be t" ’ 
or three that nre not up to the mark as far ns physical strength goes. 
And what Is to us of greater imporlance ; lias it yet been proved that 
these highly-bred dogs have the constitution to stand our severe climate, 
and to do work iu our brambly thickets, and icy meadows, such as no 
English dog. used to ranging through turnip fields and wheat stubble, 
nnd the spinneys and fore-ts of a well-kept park, ever dreamed of ' > 
would not have it supposed that I undervalue the imported dog ; fat 
from it. Nobody appreciates these good qualities, and honors the energy 
and enthusiasm of those gentlemen who have brought them over, lunt-' 
than I, but I do know that, even for use in England, the in-brecdiDg b« 
been carried far enough, nnd am also convinced that their usefulness on 
this side of the water is not to perpetuate the Lavernck or Gordon strain, 
but to improve our own stock, and, by judicious breeding, eotabli-ba 
strain of dogs stilted for our own use, and I firmly believe that could 
the same time, intelligence and capital be gtvcD to it here as in England 
it wouldbe but a very few years before we had dogs that could not be 
equalled in the world. Apart from tho advantage to be got, ns it seems to 
me, in constitution and endurance, by throwing In a fresh etraiu of blood, 
I am a firm believer in the fact that not only natural gifts and lnstlncD. 
such as nose, steadiness, speed, etc., are inherited, but also the acquired 
habits. That is to say, I believe that a dog whose parents and grand 
parents have retrieved, will bo easier taught to than one not so descended 
Every sportsman must have noticed mannerisms in the way of ivorkifC 
of a pup when first taken ont, which cull to mind the old dog. I f3 " 
that you in your last week’s issue, gave the very sensible advice of iru 
porting a dog that was to be shot over, young enough to break here. I 1, 
you not think you can go a step farther und say that the best result con 1 
be probably got by crossing tlie best English blood with some of out own 
beststmius. I had no idea or tresspassing to such no extent on jont 
space, but the subject to me is an Interesting one, and I should value 
your opinion on it very much. Yours, sincerely, 
Doctor 
P s —Since writing tho above, I see that very strong ground is taken 
