186 
FOREST AND STREAM 
A WEEKLY JOURNAL, 
DEVOTED TO FIELD AND AqUATIO SPORTS, PRACTICAL NATURAL HISTORY, 
FlBII CULTURE, TUB PROTECTION OF GaME, PRESERVATION OP FORESTS, 
amd tiik Inculcation in Men and Women or a healthy interest 
in Out door Recreation and Study : 
PUBLI8IIKD BY 
forest and Stream publishing &om$atm, 
AT 
1? CHATHAM STREET, (CITY HALL SQUARE) NEW YORE, 
[Port Orrice Box 3832.) 
Term*, Fl»e Dollar* a Year, Slrlclly In Advance. 
A discount of twenty percent, allowed for Are copies and upwards. 
Ad.prll.liin Hale*. 
In regular advertising columns, nonpareil type. 12 line* to the Inch, 26 
Cent* per lino. Advurtiscments on outsldo pago,40ccnts tier line. Rending 
notices, 60 cents per line. Advertisements In double column 25 per cent, 
oxtrn. Where udvortisoraents ore Inserted over 1 month, n discount of 
10 pur cent, will bo made; over three mouths, 20 per cent; over six 
months, 80 per cent. 
NEW YORK, THURSDAY, APRIL 29, 1875. 
To Correspondents. 
All communications whatever, whether relntlng to business or literary 
Sorrospondenco, muHt bo addressed to Tiik Forest and Stream Pub- 
LIbiiino Company. Personal or prlvnto letters of course excepted. 
All communications Intended for publication must bo accompanied with 
eal name, an a guaranty of good faith. Names will not bo published If 
objection be made. No anonymous contributions will be regarded. 
Articles relating to any topic within the scope of tills paper are solicited. 
W'e cannot pro in I so to return rejected manuscripts. 
Secretaries of Clubs aud Associations ore urged to favor us with brlof 
notes of their movements and transactions, as It Is the aim of this paper 
to become a medium of useful and reliable information between gentle- 
men sportsmen from ono end of the country to the other ; und they will 
And our columns a desirable medium for advertising announcements. 
The Publishers of Forebt and Stream aim to merit and secure tho 
patronage and countenance of that portion of the community whose re- 
Anod intelligence enables them to properly appreciate and enjoy all that 
is bcantlful in Nature. It will pander to no depraved tastes, nor pervert 
the legitimate nportM of Innd and water to those base uses which always 
tend to mnko them unpopular with tho vlrtnoos and good. No advertise- 
ment or business notice of an Immoral character will bo received on any 
erms ; and nothing will be admitted to any department of the paper that 
may not be roud with propriety m tho home circle. 
Wo cannot bo rosponstblo for tho dereliction of tho mall service, If 
money remitted to os is lost. 
Advertisements should bo sent in by Saturday of each week, If possible. 
CH \ IILKH IIALLOCK, Editor. 
WILLIAM C. I1ARRI8, Business Manager. 
CALENDAR OF EVENTS FOR THE COM- 
ING WEEK. 
TnunsDAT, April 29— Bench Show of Dogs at Springfield, Mass. 
SATunDAT, Muy 1-Creedmoor competition forplucos In Iuteruallonal 
Teom— Base ball, Boston vs. Washington, at Washington; St. Louis vs. 
Red Stockings, at St. Louis 
Mokdat, May 8— Baeo ball, Chicago vs. Keokuk, at Keokuk. 
Tuesday, May 4-Board of Appeals, Notional Trotting Associotlon, 
meets at Palmer Hoiiso, Chicago— Racing, first day, Spring Meeting 
Nashville Blood Horso Association— Bose ball, St. Louis vs. Red Stock- 
ings, St. Louie. 
Wednesday, May 5-Raclng at Nashville— Crcedmoor, final competi- 
tion for places in Internaiionxil Team— Base ball, Chicago vs. Keokuk ut 
Keokuk. 
Mr. Bishop's Canoe Voyage.— On tho 20lh ult., Mr. 
Bishop completed his canoe voyage of 2,000 miles. From the 
Gulf of Sc, Lawrence he lias paddled through canals, rivers 
sounds, and even short stretches of outside water, uulil his 
little paper cunoe lloatcd on the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. 
Through Mr. McGregor (Rob-Roy) the pleasures of canoe- 
ing were first made known and popularized, and waters as 
far distant os those of the Jordan explored with the pad- 
dle, but it has remained for Mr. Bishop to accomplish a 
feat which eclipses all previous performances. Tho in- 
formation gained of the inland route nloug our coast must 
be of great value, and the success of the undertaking will 
CDCOuruge our yachtsmen and others to make trips to Flori- 
da in a similar manner. His concluding letter in another 
column will be read with interest. 
6teel and Iron Tests.— The Commission recently ap- 
pointed for the purpose of continuiug the experiments 
with steel aud iron under Commander Bcardslee’s dis- 
coveries, met at Watertown on tho 15lh, adjourned on the 
17th to New York, aud met at the building of the Associa- 
tion of Civil Engineers. Many plans and suggestions were 
presented, the consideration and adoption of which were 
postponed until the meeting at Watertown Arsenal ou 
June let. 
—The old fort San Marco, at St. Augustine. Florida is 
being put in repair and fitted up, the report goes, for the 
confinement therein of 800 rebellious Indian chiefs of 
various Western tribes, to keep them from doing more 
mischief. It could not be put to better use. 
VIRGINIA 
W E learn from our exchanges that Messrs. J. A. H., 
St. Andrew, and J. S. Stanley- James, respectively 
Vice-President and Secretary of the Southside Virginia 
Immigration Society, and General Jus. R. Slay ton, are meet- 
ing with a very cordial reception in their travels through 
Virgikia. At Chase City a public reception was tendered 
them and resolutions adopted by the magnates of the town, 
thanking them for their efforts and eminent services In iu- 
duciug immigration to Virginia, and the settling of the so- 
called worn out lands of the State with a thrifty, intelli- 
gent, labor-loving and law-abiding people. The Chase City 
college has carried its gratitude so far ns to present the 
above named gentlemen with the diplomas of Doctors of 
Law, and their speeches on various subjects have attracted 
much interest. 
No one who reads tho London papers, notably the Field, 
can fail to be struck with the numberless schemes for the 
colonization of outlandish places. Just now it is a portion 
of South America which is attracting much attention, and 
notwithstanding tho almost heart-breaking reports of re- 
turning colonists, hundreds of other unfortunates are 
flocking to the arid plains of Buenos Ayres or the miusmalic 
swamps of Brazil. One would suppose that with her im- 
mense outlying dependencies Great Britain could find 
under her own flag ample room for all her wandering sons, 
and that moreover the sporting instinct, which seems innate 
in every true born Briton, would take them to Australia, a 
hunter's puradisc, British Columbia, or even India, in pre- 
ference to a country opposed to theirs in politics and leli- 
gion. But there is something about Colonial life, the closer 
contact with their own rulers or their representatives, 
which seems to fret and restrain them. And no wonder, 
for pure unadulterated snobbishness, your British Colonial 
office holders, as a class, have no equals. And yet, withal, 
there seems to be n doubt and distrust regarding tlii9 
country that is easier to explain than to understand. It 
lies in the lact that the masses of the British people are 
only loo willing to give credence to any ill which may be 
spoken about America or anything “Y'ankce." One English- 
man goes, say to Virginia, with his mind wrought up to the 
highest point, meets with some disappointment such as 
might befall any settler, and immediately writes back that 
Virginia is a humbug and all Americans frauds. While 
the same thing said of Buenos Ayres would attract no 
notice. We have seen several letters in English papers 
warning settlers against Virginia. And yet there is in that 
State a largo colony of English gentlemen whose numbers 
are being constantly reinforced. Some are keeping their 
pucks of fox hounds, and all whom we have met have ex- 
pressed themselves ns pleased with their new homes. 
Certainly their forefathers found great attractions in the 
Virginias, and the bluest blood of Britain laid the founda- 
tion for our owu F. F. V.’s. 
By the way, we have a letter from Captain John M. 
Taylor, our lute Field Editor, who is one of those English 
gentlemen who have recently settled in Virginia, which we 
will print here: — 
The "Retreat," Blacks and Whites, i 
Nottoway Co., Va., April 19, 1875. ( 
Editor Forest and Stream 
1 am preparing a paper for you, giving au account of some of the best 
quail, lurkey and deer finds in the counties of Dinwiddle, Nottoway, 
Luncnburgh, and the northern portion of North Carolina, all within easy 
railroad distance of City Polut, where you take curs for the happy bunt- 
ing grounds. The plantation we have purchased gives every satisfaction 
at preseut, admitting that novelty is an excellcot sauce. As regards 
birds, the season is not sufficiently advanced to give a decided opinion. 
(Thermometer yesterday 21“ on the piazza, and to-day a heavy snow- 
storm; this is not so bud, considering we nre on tho border of North 
Caroliun. 1 Tho quail are undoubtedly abundant, as we have three packs 
or families (not young birds) within easy rifle shot of the honsc. Wood- 
cock proper, none. Snipe (English) few and «cnrcc at all seasons; the 
plantation being too much inlaud I should Judge. Deer abundant; saw 
two yesterday, also in the adjoiniug counties. The foxes and mongrel 
cur houuds, owned by the negroes, are a nuisance; their ninsic is a cross 
between a hyena and a jackass, with tho wall of a whipped car thrown 
In. Several of those "beauties" come through the plantation yesterday; 
they scare all game and muko much cry over a little wool. However I 
understand that Mr. Connelly owns a fine pack, which at present I have 
not seen. 
The editorial la your journal, referring to Eugllsh gentlemen Id Vir- 
ginia, hue been copied in several local papers and one or two city 
(Virginia) Journals. 
Faithfully yours, Jno. M. Tatlor. 
UNIFORM GAME LAWS. 
G AME laws arc as old as the forgotten ages. The 
mountains of Europe arc historical with the warfare 
between poachers and keepers from earliest times. To 
reconcile the game laws with the rights of the dwellers 
ainoog the crags where the game hides, has always been a 
matter of difficulty. Neither lapse of centuries nor the 
ingrowth of modern civilization has availed to entirely 
eradicate the primitive notion that game is free to whoever 
cun take it, or that any restriction can be legally put upon 
the time or method of its taking. Whatever modification 
of popular opinion, or acquiescence, has been obtaiued, is 
due to the teachings of science, more than to builiffs and 
fines. To convince ihe masses by palpable proof that it is 
not only politic to give our gume creatures an opportunity 
to propagate their species, but that their flesh eaten out of 
season is unwholesome and even dangerous to life, is tho 
prime object to bo attained in order to secure respect for 
the laws. Then, to mako the laws efficient they must be 
made intelligible; not only intelligible as to their purport, 
but definite as to their application. They should be so 
adjusted us not to conflict with each other in any given 
icetion, or io contiguous sections, to which tboy are in- 
tended to apply, and thereby confuse the law-abiding or 
afford opportunity of evasion to the evil-disposed. In a 
country of great extent, where the fauna are the same and 
the climatic conditions similar, it is desirable and necessary 
to have the laws identical aud uniform, and this end is 
what those gentlemen who are best informed upon this 
subject of game protection are striving to secure. 
Uniformity in laws for the protection of game is not a 
new idea. A uniform ctose time was adopted fifteen years 
ago throughout Great Britain, und its results have proved 
most beneficial. In this country, williiu the past live years, 
the nttempt has been made to apply this system io all kinds 
of game and fish, and our legislatures have only to be con- 
vinced of the wisdom and practicability of the measure to 
adopt it, and thereby settle the difficulties which hedge in 
this quettion of protection on every side. 
It might seem strange, were it not directly attributable 
to the covetousness of mercenary hucksters, that an effort 
is even now being made in Great Britain, notwithstanding 
the beneficence of the existing law, to vary the close time 
for salmon in different rivers of the kingdom; a course 
which, a member of the Fishery Board asserts in London 
Land and Water, "will, if persisted in, create Immense 
mischief, and undo much of the good work that lias been 
achieved after mauy years of labor and cure.” We quote 
from the article bodily, for it bears more directly upon the 
question under consideration than any we liuve yet seen, 
showing not only the vulue of uniformity, but the objec- 
tions to its repeal 
"One creat object for which salmon law reformers strug- 
gled hard, was the obtaining uniformity of law regulating 
the salmon fisheries of the whole kingdom. The difficul- 
ties in the way of arresting the downward progress of the 
British salmon fisheries were immensely increased by the 
varieties of local and general Acts, which applied to dif- 
ferent parts of the kingdom, and to different rivers, and 
even different parts of the same rivers. The Acts of 1801 
and 1805 in a great measure cured this defect by establish- 
ing one uniform fence time throughout England and Wales, 
during which the capture and sale of salmon wus prohibi- 
ted. As the killing of game was foi*bidden between Feb- 
ruary 1st and September 1st, so the killing of salmon 
between September 1st aud February 1st was not permitted. 
Then came the last Act (1878). un ter which each Board of 
Conservators was empowered (subject to the approval of 
the Secietary of State for the Home Department) to make 
certain bye laws for the regulation of the particular fisher- 
ies comprised within its own district. That Act has been 
in force now little more than a year, aud under it codes of 
bve-laws have been established (aud approved by the Gov- 
ernment authority) by numerous Boards of Conservators 
in different pails of England aud Wales. The result is 
that wo see alterations in the close time proposed by Boards 
of Conservators, already sanctioned by the Home Office, in 
numerous rivers, regulating the close lime on one side of 
a county by one rule, and on the other side by another. 
Hence, os is plainly shown in your article, an increase of 
poaching. 
"I am not one of those who nre opposed to the making 
of bye-laws by Boards of Conservators: ou the contrary, 
with the exception of the authority given to vary the close 
time, I do not think they go far enough to enable boards 
to regulate their own district; but in the instance of close 
time I think such authority should never have been given. 
This question stands in altogether a different position, lor 
while the powers given in respect to making other bye- 
laws only affect the particular localities in which they may 
be made, this affects llic whole kingdom by paralyzing Ihe 
efforts to suppress poaching.” 
The point of objection raised here is, that the moment 
the uniformity of close time is broken the whole kingdom 
is affected, and the efforts to suppress pouching are para- 
lyzed throughout. With this precedent before us, we of 
the United Stales arc the belter prepared and encouraged 
to act. Having decided that uniformity is necessary, the 
next step Is to put tho matter iuto the bauds of those most 
competent to devise a plan of protection that will be com- 
prehensive and suitable— of those in whose judgment and 
scientific intelligence the people can confide, and whose 
influence will enable them to command the attention of the 
law makers of the country. All that has been done thus 
far by protective clubs and associations has been condu- 
cive of great good in checking wasteful slaughter of game 
and preparing the masses of the people for the new regime 
that must obtain; but just as the popular voice is potential 
in other matters as in this, so must the duty of devising 
and creating devolve in this, as in other matters, upon its 
representative men. 
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR 
PROTECTING GAME AND FISH. 
I N order to enlist the services of tho ablest naturalists of 
the United Slates aud Canada, aud others who have 
not hitherto co-cperaled with the efforts made by the nu- 
merous clubs organized for game protection, an association 
has been quietly formed within the past two weeks in 
which these men stand prominent. Every part of the con- 
tinent is represented in its membership. The co operation 
of Canada is deemed indispensable to success in securing 
a thorough protection for garnet and uniformity of the 
game laws between the two countries is not only practica- 
ble, but necessary. The preservation of game iu Canada 
is most important to us of the United States, as well as the 
creation aud enforcement of laws that will prevent game 
and fish being shipped across the lino and sold clandes- 
tinely or in open defiance of law. This international move- 
ment looks to a general uniformity of the game laws 
throughout the United States and Canuda, where the cli- 
matic conditions render it practicable, and lias been insti- 
tuted by the committee of gentlemen whose names are 
appended to tho card below. Memberships have been 
sccureq solely by personal oauvass, and whilo it is not coa« 
