FOREST AND STREAM 
187 
template! to create an organization formidable by mere 
weight of numbers, the co operation of any person inter- 
ested in its objects is invited, aud written applications will 
be received by the Secretary of the Committee: — 
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOB PROTECTING GAME 
AND FISU. 
Nbw Youk, April 26, 1875. 
By vole of a majority of tho Advisory Committee, a meeting will be 
held in New York City on the nineteenth of May, 1815, at 11 o'clock, A. 
M , ut Cooper Institute, Room 24, or Gcoirniphical Society’s rooms, some 
building, to organise an ‘•International Association for Protecting Game 
and Fish," wlioau business It will be to select a competent Hoard of 
naturalists, 0 ah cnlturlvts, game breeders, and sportsmen, who shall be 
empowered to draft suitable laws and snbmlt them to Congress, or duly 
constituted Legislative bodies, for approval . The attendance of all who 
have entered applications for membership is earnestly desired. 
(Signed.) 
Hon. Robert B. Roosevelt, President American Fish Culturists' Asso- 
ciation, 
Prof. E. I). Cope, Academy Natural Sciences. Phila. 
Dr. J. L. Le Conte, Zoological Society, Phila. 
Dr. Elliott Cones, U. S. A., Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D. C'. 
Hon. G. W. Clinton, Buffalo. N. Y. 
Hon. I. E. West. Newborn. North Caiolina. 
Jacob Wagner, Esq., Wytheville, Virginia. 
Nahum E. Ballou, Esq., Secretary Illinois State Fish.Cultarists’ Asso- 
ciation. 
Carlos Gove, E?q., President Denver. Colorado, Shooting Club. 
Chamber* C. Davis, Esq., Secretary Denver, Colorado, Snooting Club. 
Robert Morrow, Esq.. President Game and Inlaud Fishery Prot. So- 
ciety of Nova Scotia. 
Hon. J. F. Crosby. Esq.. Houston, Texas. 
Dr. Rawlings Young. Corinth, Mississippi. 
Prof. Thco.’ Gill. Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D. C. 
L. W. Ledyard, Esq., Cazenovia. N. Y. 
Bernard A. IIoopcs, E-q., President Philadelphia Sportsmen’s Club. 
T. B. Ferguson, E-q. , Commissioner of Fisheries, Maryland. 
Geo. H. Goromc, E-q., Superintendent State Fisheries, Michigan . 
W. F. Whitcber, Esq.. Commissioner of Fisheries, Dominion of Canadr. 
Geo. A. Boardman, Esq., Calais, Maine. 
Munnasseh Smith, Esq., Maine Sportsmen's Association. 
T. W. Walker, Esq., President West Jersey Game Prot. Soc. 
Seth Green, Esq., superintendent State Fisheries, New York. 
Maj. Geo. J. Alaen, New Smyrna, Florida. 
Hon. Chas. W. Hutchinson, Utica, New York. 
C. A. Post, Esq., Secretary Ontario Game Prot. Soc., Canada. 
W. H. Holabird, Esq., Valparaiso, Indiana. 
Hon. John Bertram, Peterboro, Canada. 
William A. Newell, Esq , President California Acc. Soc. 
Samuel Wilmot, Flsq , superintendent Fisheries, Newcastle, Canada. 
E. A. Brackett, Esq., Commissioner of Fisheries, Massachusetts. 
Walter M. Brackett, Esq,, Muss. Anglers Association. 
Col. James Gordon, Pontotoc. Miss. 
R, M. Ogden, Esq.. San Francisco, Cal. 
Cupt, J. W. Coventry, Nouvelle, Canada. 
D. J. Staples, Esq., San Fraueisco. 
D. O. Joice. Esq. San Francisco. 
8. R. Throckmorton, Esq., Kish Commissioner, San Francisco. 
B. B. Redding, Esq., Fish Commissioner, San Francisco. 
(Per order of the Committee.) 
Chas. Hallock, Secretary, 
Office Forest and Stream, 17 Chatham street, New York. 
With regard to this movement the New York Times, 
which has always been foremost in encouruging and aiding 
any practicable scheme for Game Protection, says: — 
“The proposal to secure the co operation of the Cana- 
dians, and therewith a uniform system of legislation 
throughout both countries by which game of all kinds may 
be protected from destruction, is one that commends ilself 
strongly to public approval, and it deserves all the support 
that can be given to it, more especially from the urgent 
necessity, which increases year by year, for more thorough- 
ly attaining the purpose of this society. Wc doubt very 
much whether at the present moment there is a sufficient 
appreciation of its importance.’’ 
Of the opinion last expressed we shall be most happy to 
disabuse the mind of our worthy contemporary; and per- 
haps the best way to do this is to print some uf the more 
prominent names which we have on file of gentlemen who 
•ire applicants for membership to this International Asso- 
ciation. It will bo seen that the subject has engaged much 
thoughtful attention: 
Prof Robt. Bell. Dominion Geological Survey, Montreal, Canada. 
Lt. Geo. M. Wheeler, U. S. Geological Survey, Washington. 
Col. C. R. McMnrdo, Westlleld, New Brunswick, Canada. 
A. S. Southworth, Socretary American Geographical Society, New 
York. 
J. S. Stanley-Jamcs, Virginia Immigration Society. 
Dr. M. G. Ellzey, Norfolk, Virginia. 
Dr. Asa Wall, Winchester, Vireiuia. 
a . C. Fllleld, Esa., Fish Commissiner, New Hampshire. 
Chas E, Aiken, fisq.. Col. Springs. Colorado. 
John E, Leet. Kaq.,.New Orleans, La, 
E. M. Stillwell, Esq., Fish Commissioner, Bangor, Maine. 
Dr. Wm. Warren GVen, Portland, Maine. 
Dr. J. H. Janeivav, U. s. A. Fort Wallace, Kansas. 
Lt. Henry Metcalfe, U. S. A. Springllcld Armory, Mass. 
Dr. G. G. Kennedy, Roxbnry. Moss. 
J. Dwight Francis. Esq.. PittsBeld, Mass. 
Capt. Aug. K. Egbert, U. S. A., Atlanta, Georgia. 
Geo. E. AUien, E-q., Savannah, Georgiu. 
S. B. Buckley, Esq., State Geologist, Texas. 
Hon. C. S. West, Austin, Texas. 
Gen. T. F. Waul, Galveston, Texas. 
Dr. J. A. Henshall. Milwaukee, Wisconsin. 
A. Palmer. Esq.. Fi*h Commissioner. Boscobel, Wisconsin. 
Ricb.rd Valentine, Esq- Janesville, Wisconsin. 
W. M. Lv-dwith, Esq., Jacksonville, Florida. 
O. A Crandall, Esq.. M IC. <fcT. R. R., Sedalla, Missouri. 
W. H. Clarkesou, Esq., Bridgevllle, Delaware. 
Rev F. II. Uempeslv, Providence, Rhode Island. 
Bt. Col. G. W . Schofield, Fort Sill, Indian' Territory. 
Rev. J. U. Brakeley, Bordentown, New Jersey. 
Thos. A. Logan, Esq., Cincinnati, Ohio 
Hon. H. B Harrison, New Haven, Connecticut. 
Chas. E. Coffin, E-q , Mnirkirk. Maryland. 
Dr. C. A. Kingsbury. Philadelphia. 
Prof. J. Willis Houston, Lincoln University, Pennsylvania. 
Chas. F. Orvis, E-q., Manchester, Vermont. 
Coin L. A. Beardolee, U. S. N . Washington. 
S. Ledyard Phelps, E-q., Washington. 
Wright ltives, Esq., Washington , 
Prof! F. V. Hayden, Geol. Survey, Washington. 
Dr. H. C. Yurrow, Washington 
Hon. II. C. Magoon, Monroe, Nebraska. 
D. U. Fiizburg. Esq.. Bay City, Michigan. 
A. J. Kellogg, Esq., Fish Commissioner, Allegan, Michigan. 
Georee Clark, Esq., Fish Commissioner, Ecorse. Michigan. 
Dr. G. A. Stockwell, Pert Huron, Michigan. 
Hon. T. G. DavMson, A-hville, North Carolina. 
Dr. George H. Moran, U. S. A.. Marion, North Carolina. 
Dr. D. C. Estes, Luke City, Minnesota. 
Colonel George A. Flower. President New York State Sports. Asso. 
Dr. L. J. Peck. Vice-President do do 
Dr. James S- Bailey, Albany. New York. 
G. B. Urinnell, Esq., New York. 
Rev. A.R. Lumberlon, Rochester, New York 
J. G. Kellogg, Esq., Oswego, New York. 
Gardiner T. Lyon. Esq., Orwcgo, New York. 
Fred Mather, Esq . lloneoye Falls, New York, 
Charles K. Weld, E-q., Utica, New York. 
Dr. J. R. Roineyn. Keeseville. 
Major H. W. Merrill, New Rochelle. 
Colonel G. W. Wlognte, New York. 
Judge F. J. Filch, New York. 
Wm. Seward Webb. Esq., New York. 
WutW T. Luwuiia, Esq., Little Fall*, at id two hUU*Yd OtUw». 
PROTECTION OF GAME. 
Office Sandwich Naturalists’ AssociatCon, i 
Sandwich, III., April, 1875. j 
North America has a rich and varied fauna, and it should 
l)t* preserved from the predacious pot hunter and poacher. 
Protection to birds of the United States and the Dominion 
of Canada may be so skillfully arranged thut shouting may 
begin at Ihe same time throughout both countries, and give 
all the time that any generous aud intelligent sportsman 
can or will claim. If some action is not soon taken some 
of our most valuable game will soon become extinct. In 
many portions of the country the opinion is still extant 
that the fowls of the air, the beasts of the forests, and the 
fish of the rivers, lakes, and seas belong to whomsoever 
has the ability at any time to capture lhom; that govern- 
ments have no jurisdiction over the game that migrates 
from one State to another in quest of food and for the pur- 
pose of perpetuating their kind; nnd the numbers who so 
believe are large. This opinion is strengthened by the gen- 
eral disagreement of laws for the protection of game and 
the universally lax execution of such laws. Therefore, us 
the great “Intcrnutional” movement for protecting game 
contemplates a uniformity of action and a universality of 
applicat ion of laws for the protection of game, founded upon 
a scientific basis— upou a knowledge of the natural history 
of game— a more general acquiescence will likely bo secured. 
Another opinion prevails, und this is more geueral than the 
one just alluded to. It is that every farmer thinks the shoot- 
ing of game of uny kind upon his own lands during the 
interdicted time is guaranteed to him by right of eminent 
domain. Now, in drafting laws for the protection of game 
this feature has been so tenderly handled that it is an open 
question, aud the larmer always takes the benefit of the 
doubt. This question should be settled once for all, for it 
is the scapegoat of the unprincipled and unappreciative, 
who form ideas of the unconstitutionality of laws favor- 
able to their tastes and inclinations. 
What wc need is a uniform close time which shall work 
a complete protection to all game, fish, fowl, and beasts; so 
broad aud comprehensive as to cover and include all varie- 
ties. Aud while aiming at protection during breeding saa- 
sons, it would be eminently fit to inaugurate measures that 
shall prohibit murderous nnd wholesale capture by irapos- 
iug heavy penalties, or imprisonment if need be. But (lie 
grand difficulty in legislatures which have undertaken to 
enact game laws wisely, as tho law makers have supposed, 
lies in the fact that they had no knowledge of natural his- 
tory, and hence could frame no bills which would contain 
clauses covering or providing interdicted periods of cap- 
ture, for the reason that they were ignorant of their breed- 
ing seasons, and thus could not determine accurately those 
periods. This will be obviated by the “International As- 
sociation," for from this body will emanate such laws and 
regulations as are based upon a scientific knowledge of the 
game to be protected. More than this, tho body being 
composed largely of naturalists it will become a sort of 
normal school of natural history , where, ut its annual con- 
ventions, the natural history of the fauna sought to bo pro- 
tected will be discussed from scientific standpoints, and 
thus standards of authority will be established and wrought 
into legislative enactments, and tho people cannot then 
plead ignorance of these questions. Tlio masses need to 
be educated iu natural history, which, more than all else, 
will elevate them above a desire to wantonly capture any 
living creature while fulfilling a supreme law of nature in 
the perpetuation of its kind. Besides, all persons ought to 
know that while gestation is going on among animals no 
bird, fish, or beust should be eaten, for their flesh is desti- 
tute of all flavor, and, more than all else, it is cruel in the 
extrome to slaughter them under such circumstances. Zo- 
ology furnishes us the grandest field for study and research 
—a theme which gives us the highest conceptions of the 
Creator of tho universe, who notes alike the highest and 
lowest in the numerous gradations of animated nature. 
In our country we have a fauna of such varied excel- 
lence that all law abiding citizens should aid in its protec- 
tion, extending, as it does, through all the zones, from the 
tropics to the poles. We may challenge any #ther like 
area of the globe to produce a more vuluablc or interesting 
development of the animal kingdom. Whithersoever wc 
may wander, our natural resources for the maintenance of 
the vast and varied species of animal life are found to be 
abundant, and by exercising judicious but vigorous protec- 
tion we may vastly increase our game, thereby adding 
greatly to our food resources. Wo may inaugurate mea- 
sures for transferring our game birds from one portion of 
the country to another, imitating the modern art of fish 
culture, which is so wonderfully oppo rtune In restocking 
our barren waters, and which has been so successful in the 
introduction and acclimation of new species into waters 
where they were hitherto unknown. Let us all aid in giv- 
ing protection to these objects, which furnish such agree- 
able pastime to the weary brain worker, and throw around 
them such a cordon of defense that no murderous engines 
or untimely capture shall lead to their extinction. 
Nahum E. Ballou. 
—The New Haven Steamboat Company’s new and ele- 
gant steamer C. H. Norlham, has resumed her trips for the 
season, leaving Peck Slip at 3:15 P. M., and New Haven 
at 11:30 P. M. This company contemplates making a land- 
ing at 3:15 P. M. on and after May 1st at Twenty-third 
street, East River, for the accommodation of the public. 
The steamboat train from New Haven commences running 
as usual about the middle of May 
SOUTHWEST FLORIDA — NO. 7. 
BEING NOTES OF A TOUR OF EXPLORATION— BY OUn OWN 
COMMISSIONER. 
A VISIT TO LARK OKEECHOBEE. 
AXTE loft the canoe buuehed, or, moro properly speak- 
V V ' n S» mudded, ou tho north side of Fish Eating 
Creek, and steered a course for what wo considered the 
bank of the lake. Tho walking wo found excellent, nl 
though not equalling that of Broadway. Beginning at tho 
surface wo found one foot of water, and beneath Hie aque- 
ous element fifteen inches of black, tenacious mud. Every 
motion of the legs was obstructed by lily puds, spatter- 
docks, lettuce, trailing vines, and fresh water plants m 
endless variety. Above the water saw grass, reeds and 
rushes seriously interfered with vision ns well as motlou. 
Resolved upon reaching the lake, our grand object ivo 
point, we trudged on, and having proceeded about two 
miles reached a large floating island that had been drifted 
on the marsh duriug tho hurricane of tho preceding Octo- 
ber. 1' rank sealed himself on the island and vowed that 
he would "proceed uo farther." When youth gave out 
and cried "peccavi,” it was time for old fogydora to push 
ahead, so I laid a course for a small tree, on what appeared 
to liuvu been a floating islaud, und after an unpleasant 
trump of two hundred vurds I leaclu-d tin- oasis and found 
growing upon it a swamp oak fifteen feet in height. By 
signs and words I directed Billy Osceola to ascend the oak ; 
he did so, and shouted “Okcechobeo, Okeechobee.’’ 1 
claim uo relationship to tho feline race, but the way I 
scrambled up that juvenile oak was a caution to the cat 
family. Reaching the upper branches, I was rowurded 
with a view of the mysterious lake, distant about six hun- 
dred feet. From the time of my first visit to tho south 
coast of Florida, in 1814, 1 Imd been looking forward with 
pleasure to a period when I should he favored with a view 
of the lake, and here it was before mo. My great desire 
was to navigate and thoroughly examine its various out 
lets, nnd if possible discover a practical boat route to the 
ocean; but I was disappointed. At sonio future time, it 
we can find the congenial companions, we propose reach- 
ing the lake via the Ochlawnha and Kissimmee rivers. In an 
ordinary stage of water wc are convinced that a boat could 
be nuvigulcd through the marsh between the lake and the 
rupids on tho Caloosaliatchio. But to the uninitiated the 
great difficulty would be to determine at wlmt particular 
point to leave the lake. 
About four hundred feet from the shore wo noticed a 
very large cypress tree, which would prove a guide for per- 
sons searching for the mouth of Fish Ealing Creek. From 
what we could ascertain from tho lay of the land (or, more 
properly speaking, swamp), and from the statements of 
Billy, the mouth of tho creek is south of the large cypress 
half a mile. From our point of observation the luko 
trended to the south, aud we are convinced I line In a direct 
line the shore of the lake is distant from Fort Thompson 
not over eight or nine miles. Having grutilicd our curiosi- 
ty regarding the lake, and accomplished nil we could under 
the circumstances, wo started on the home stretch, and ulti. 
mately rebelled the canoe tired and exhausted. Wo would 
most respectfully recommend a five mile experience of such 
walking to Weston when ho trains for one of his pedes- 
trian feats. As regards “A1 Fresco," he without the least 
hesitation asserts that ho has lmd enough of Okeechobee 
swamp experience to last him a lifetime. Wo have wan- 
dered in more than one section of tho world, and have had 
some queer experiences, but our jaunt from tho crook to 
the lake aud return excelled anything ir. the past, and 
convinced us thut hunting Heminolo Indians must have 
been anything but an amusing and pleasant occupation. 
Reaching the canoe, Billy paddled nnd Frank and I 
amused ourselves ventilating the 'gators that exposed them- 
selves on the bunks of the creek. Arriving at Old Fort 
Centre, I visited the large Indiun mound while Mr. Carlton 
hitched up our bovine friends. I found the mound to bo 
four hundred feet long, oue hundred and fifty wide, and 
about forty high. At a point where some former visitor 
had made a small excavation I scratched with n stick and 
found remains of human skeletons. Iu our opinion, this 
mound is worthy of being opened, und I trust that some 
future visitor will be amply provided with stores, so as to 
enable him to spend a few days in the locality and care- 
fully examine it. With the exception of one mound on 
the east bank of the Caloosahatchie River, this is the larg- 
est wc have noticed in the south. Heating ourselves iu our 
springless conveyance, we started for New Fort Centre, 
which we reached about dark. Feeling tired, I resolved 
upou having a good bed, and by the light of n pine wood 
fire gathered a large quantity of the Spanish moss (Tilla- 
nimia), hanging in luxuriant festoons from every tree. 
After supper 1 carefully arranged my mossy couch and 
turned In. Old Somnus soon took possession of the man, 
and I have reason to believe thut I was guilty of some re- 
sponsible snoring until about midnight, when I wus aroused 
by an unpleasant sensation of burning, smarting, and itch- 
ing. For a few minutes I made the situation a practical 
study, and realized the fact that I had discovered some 
thing new to me under the sun. I soon ascertained that I 
was covered with insects. I went for the moss, throw it 
out of the wagon, and selected tho softest board to finish 
my night’s rest. Iliad ou numerous occasions during my 
wanderings suffered from the effects of seed and ordinury 
ticks, but hero was something exceeding all my past expe- 
riences in bug operations. To sleep was impossible, so I 
deyouid Uk remainder of the night to wrulvljuig. J have 
