38 
Birds of Celebes: Falconidae. 
toes; tarsi completely feathered; wings very long; edge of upper mandible 
without any tooth or festoon. A single species, ranging from the Himalayas 
to the Moluccas; possibly migratory. It carries off birds’ nests, for which pur- 
pose its foot is adapted, and devours the eggs or young; feeds also On reptiles, 
mammals. 
4- 14. ICTINAETUS MALAYENSIS (Reinw.). 
Black Eagle. 
a. Falco malayensis (I) Eeinw. in Temm., PL Col. Nr. 117 (1824). 
h. Aquila malayensis Yig., Zool. Jrn. 1824, I, 337; (1) SchL, Mus. P.-B. Aquilae 1862, 11; 
(II) id. Yalkv. 1866, 8, 49, pi. 3, f. 1, 2; (3) id., Eev. Acc. 1873, 116; (4) Kosenb., 
Malay. Arch. 1878, 271. 
c. Aquila (Heteropus) pernigra Hodgs., J. A. S. B. 1836, Y, 227. 
d. Msaetus ovivorus Jerd., Madr. Journ. 1844, XIH, 158. 
e. Neopus perniger Hodgs. in dray’s Zool. Misc. 1844, 81. 
f. Ictinaetus perniger Blytb, Ann. N. H. 1844, XIH, 114. 
g. Onychaetus malayana Kaup, Classif. Sang. u. Yog. 1844, 120. 
h. Neopus malayensis dray. Cat. Hodgs. Coll. B. 1846, 42; (I) B eavan, P. S. Z. 1868, 
396, pi. XXXIY; (2) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1874, I, 257; (3) Briiggem., Abb. Yer. 
Bremen 1876, Y, 45; (4) durney. Ibis 1877, 423; (5) Legge, B. Ceylon 1880, 47; 
(6) SalvacL, Orn. Pap. 1880, I, 6; (7) Oates, B. Brit. Burmab 1883, H, 190; 
(8) Davison, Str. E. 1883, X, 335; (9) Sbarpe, P. Z. S. 1888, 268; (10) id.. Ibis 
1889, 71; id., ib. 1890, 274; Everett, J. Str. Br. E. A. S. 1889, 181; (11) Oates, 
Hume’s Nests and Eggs 1890, HE, 145; (12) Salvad., Orn. Pap. Agg. 1889, 11; 
(13) Hartert, J. f. 0. 1889, 376; (14) Sbarpe, Ibis 1893, 563; (15) M. & Wg., 
Abb. Mus. Dresd. 1896, Nr. 1, p. 4; (16) Biittik., Notes Leyden Mus. 1896, 
XYIH, 195. 
Ictinaetus malayensis (1) Blanf., Faun. Brit. India B. Ill, 1895, 347. 
“Oopo”, Celebes (v. Eosenb. h 4). 
For full synonymy and references see Salvador! 6 . 
Figures and descriptions. Temminck a I\ Scblegel h II\ Beavan h I\ Sharpe h 2\ 
durney h 4\ Legge h 5\ Salvador! h 6\ Oates h7, h 10 (egg); Blanford 1. 
Adult. Entire plumage brownish black; tail marked on the upper surface with about 
7 indistinct and broken bars of brownish grey, which are whitish and distinct on the 
under surface (Halmahera Nr. 2945). Iris brown; bill, gape and feet yellow; tip of 
bill black. 
Young. Above brownish black; greater wing-coverts and secondaries tipped, the 
tail-coverts barred, with white; the feathers of the back, lesser, and middle wing- 
coverts with a small whitish spot at the tip of each; tail black, indistinctly crossed 
with numerous bars of grey-brown; feathers of head and neck broadly margined 
and tipped with whitish; face, throat and under surface pale tawny, with broad 
sooty brown margins to the feathers of the breast and sides; wings and tail 
below marbled with broken bars of whitish (q’' juv. Loka, S. Celebes, 6. X. 95: 
P. & F. Sarasin). 
