Birds of Celebes: Falconidae. 
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GENUS FALCO L. 
The true Falcons range in size from small to medium; the wing is long 
and very pointed, the secondaries short, not reaching as far as the middle of 
the wing; bill well hooked, furnished with a tooth; tarsus short, reticulate; 
middle toe as long or longer than the tarsus; tail moderate, square to rounded 
in shape. They prey chiefly on birds, catching them on the wing. About 
30 species distributed over nearly the whole world. Eggs 3 — 5. 
+ 27. FALCO SEVERUS Horsf, 
Chestnut Hobby. 
Falco severus (1) Horsf., Tr. Z. S. 1821, XHI, 135; (2) ScliL, Mus. P.-B. Falcones 1862, 
23; (III) id., Valky. Ned. Ind. 1866, 4, 45, pi. 2, f. 2, 3; (3^^^) id., Eev. Acc. 1873, 
39; (4) Sharpe, Cat. B. 1874, I, 397; (5) Briiggeni., Ahh. Yer. Bremen 1876, Y, 
454; (6) Bourdillon, Str. F. 1876, 354; (7) Hume, Str. F. 1879, YHI, 43, 81; 
(8) Sclat., P. Z. S. 1880, 65; (9) Legge, B. Ceylon 1880, 110; Beid, Str. F. 1881, 
X, 4; (10) H. 0. Forbes, Ibis 1881, 140; (11) Oates, B. Brit. Burmah 1883, H, 
216; Davison, Str. F. 1883, X, 333; (12) Everett, P. Z. S. 1889, 225; (13) id., 
J. Str. Br. R A. S. 1889, 186; Tristr., Cat. Coll. B. 1889, 66; (14) Steere, List 
Coll. B. Plblip. Is. 1890, 8; (15) Sharpe, Ibis, 1893, 562; (16) Madarasz, Aquila 
1894, 88; Bourns & Worces., B. Menage Exped. 1894, 33; (18) Orant, Ibis 
1895, 39; (19) Blanf., Faun. Br. Ind. B. 1895 HI, 423; (20). Hartert, Xov Zool 
1896, 256, 533. 
a. Falco aldrovandi “Reinw.” (I) Temm., PI. Col. 1823, Xr. 128. 
h. Falco guttatus Cray, Ann. X. H. 1843, XI, 371. 
c. Falco rufipedioides Hodgs., Calc. Journ. Xat. Hist. 1844, lY, 283. 
d. Eypotriorchis severus (1) Gray, Gen. B. 1844, I, 20; (2) id.. List Accip. Br. Mus. 1848, 
53; (3) Jerdon, B. India 1862, I, 34; (4) Blyth, Ibis 1863, 9; (5) Hume| 
Rough Xotes 1869, I, 87; (5^^^) Wald., Ibis 1872, 98; (6) Holdsw , P Z S 
1872, 410; (6^^^) Wald., Tr. Z. S. 1875, IX, 139; (7) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ.' 
Gen. 1875, 643, 750; Wald., P. Z. S. 1878, 9^7; (8) Salvad., Orn. Pap. 
1880, I, 33; 1882, HI, 507; and Agg. 1889, 14; Gurney, Ibis 1882, 131, 153; 
id.. Diurn. B. of Prey 1884, 102; (10) Pleske, Bull. Acad. Sc. Petersb. 1884, XII, 
112; (11) Finscb & Meyer, Z. ges. Orn. 1886, 2; (12) AY. Bias., Ornis 1888, 303- 
id., Ibis 1888, 373; Tristr., Cat. Coll. B. 1889, 66; (13) AYhitehead, Ibis 1890 
43; (14) W. Bias., J. f. O. 1890, 138. 
e. Falco frontatus (I) Scbb, Yalkv. 1866, pi. 2, f. 5. 
For further synonymy and references see Salvad. d 8. 
Adult. 
Figures and descriptions. Temminck a I- Scblegel ZZJ, el- Sharpe 4; Legge 5; Sal- 
vadori d 8-, Oates 77; Finscb & Meyer <7 77; Blanf ord 19. 
Head, neck, cheeks and ear-coverts black; quills and lesser wing-coverts 
also black; rest of upper surface slate-colour, palest on the rump, shafts of the 
feathers black; chin and throat white, slightly washed with rufous; rest of under 
surface dark cinnamon-rufous, almost unmarked with black; under wing- coverts 
like the under surface, but marked with black about the carpal joint; quills and 
tail below brownish giey, obscurely barred with cinnamon-grey towards their bases 
Meyer & Wigl es wo rth, Birds of Celebes (Oct. 11th, 1897). 
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