116 
Birds of Celebes: Loriidae. 
Figures and descriptions. Eowleyj?' /I; Mivart k III; Levaillant d I; Shaw /’I; Echnw. 
mil; Wagl. hi; Finschyi; Briiggem. 11; Eeichenow ml; W. Blasius k 1; 
Salvador! k 2. 
Adult. Poppy red; vertex (hut not forehead and occiput), ear- coverts, hind neck, 
mantle, shoulders, breast and long tihial plumes bright hyacinth -blue; 
scapulars, tips of greater wing-coverts and of quills together with the 
exposed outer webs and tips of primaries black; numerous feathers on the 
red abdomen and under tail-coverts tipped with blue or black; tail dusky 
washed with violet, the inner webs red (Grreat Sangi — Nr. 1898). 
“Iris orange-yellow; bill orange-red; feet dark grey” (Platen k 1). 
In the young in certain parts of the plumage the blue is replaced by red, and 
the red by blue. Two young “males” described by Bruggemann have the whole 
head above and nape violet-blue, with some red tipped feathers on forehead and 
nape; mantle carmine-red changing into violet; the black of the back and wings 
more extended than in adult, the small upper wing-coverts tipped with black; 
the red feathers of the under surface irregularly tipped with violet, the colour of 
the breast band; rump dark carmine red (brownish red in adult). Similar young 
males are mentioned by Bruggemann (11) and Prof. W. Blasius (kl). Iris light 
brown; hill orange-yellow; feet grey (Platen /ci). 
An immature bird from Siao (5. VII. 93) has the entire head above and neck 
poppy-red varied with violet feathers on the occiput and neck; under surface from 
breast downwards violet, washed with red, most strongly on the sides and middle of 
body where it is almost as much red as blue; red of rump rather darker than that 
of head. This specimen appears to he intermediate, passing into adult plumage 
(0 12588). 
Variation of the young. It is in this species very puzzling. Of six specimens before us three 
(2 Talaut, 1 Tagulandang) have the crown, occiput and nape blue (in one mixed with 
red), the under parts in the Tagulandang bird and one of the others red, mixed with 
blue or dusky, in the third blue, mixed with a little red. The mixture of colours is 
not caused by entire feathers of different tints, hut the indmdual feathers are parti- 
coloured. These specimens we take for birds in first plumage. 
A second stage is that shown by the young example from Siao described above, 
with the under surface blue mixed with red, hut the crown, occiput and nape red 
like the forehead (instead of blue). Some (old?) blue feathers are intermingled on 
the crown and nape, and there are a few blue feathers sprouting on the vertex, as 
well as red ones here and elsewhere on the head. 
A young specimen, slightly more advanced towards maturity, has the under 
parts (except the thighs and flanks) almost uniform red, the blue hreast-hand only 
just commenced on the sides of the breast, the entire head above red, except for a 
few blue-tipped feathers (apparently old ones) on the vertex, and some new blue 
feathers are sprouting there (0 15296). 
In the next stage there is a narrow hreast-hand and a narrow blue band on 
the vertex (0 13436). 
These specimens therefore seem to prove the following: 
First, the young has the head above, except the forehead, blue; the under parts 
varied with red and dusky blue. Next, the entire head und under parts change by 
moulting into red. Finally, the blue breast-band and vertex is acquired; at first it 
is narrow, afterwards broader. 
