180 
Birds of Celebes: Picidae. 
Figure and descriptions. W. Blasius d I\ Tweeddale c 1\ Hargitt el. 
Adult male. Differs jfrom the adult male of M. fuhus in having the red of the head carried 
much further back, so as to include the occiput and entire sides of head; the tail 
much darker (Bias, d Hargitt e I, q^, Indrulaman, Oct. 95, Everett — 0 14901). 
Iris light yellow; bill black; feet lead-grey (Platen d I). 
Adult female. Differs from the adult female of M. fidvus in having the ground-colour of 
the chin and throat wood-hrown, upon which the white tips of the feathers stand out 
much less distinctly than on the hroccoli-hrown; tail much darker, “brownish dusky 
above and below, the shafts nearly black above , their under side dusky, with smoky 
white bases”. Iris, etc. as in male. (W. Bias, d i, Hargitt ei; Tjamha, 24. V. 78 
— 0 10425). 
Young male. 'With less red on sides of face than in adult male; malar stripe red; 
lores, orbital region and fore parts of ear-coverts unspotted dusky grey, a few 
feathers under eye tinged with crimson; ground-colour of chin and throat more 
dusky, the spots more rounded and very minute; chest and breast of a more dingy 
huff colour, many of the feathers with dusky shaft-streaks; shafts of tail-feathers 
browner, and their bases very much paler (ex Hargitt). 
Immature [female]. Head above red; in other respects like the adult Q. (Tonkean, E. Cel., 
y — VHI. 95 — 0 14460 — moulting.) 
Measurements (12 specimens). Wing 178—192 mm; tail 145 — 172; culmen 37 — 45; rictus 
43 — 52; tarsus 30 — 33 (W. Blasius d I)] bill from nostril c. 30 — 46 mm. 
Distribution. Celebes: — Southern Peninsula (Wallace c i, el. Platen Weber i); Luwu 
at the head of the Gulf of Boni (AYeber 7), Lembongpangi , S. Centr. Celebes 
(P. & F. Sarasin c 5, 2); Tonkean, E. Celebes (Hat. Coll. 5); ? Kendari, S. E. 
Peninsula (Beccari a 2)\ Dongala, AY. Celebes (Doherty f 1). 
Observation. This AYoodpecker is now known from South, Central, AVest and East Celebes 
and will very likely prove to be the species of all parts of the island except the 
North Peninsula, where it is represented by M. fidvus. It was probably this species, 
rather than M. fulviis^ that Beccari found in S. E. Celebes. There seem to be no 
differences of colour in M. ivallacei from different parts of its range, and transitions 
towards M. fidvus are not yet known, so that the two may be regarded as species, 
though they may turn out later as subspecies of a single form. 
ORDER COCCYGES. 
Two families are placed in this order or suborder by Shelley (Cat. B. 
XIX, 209) and Blanford (Faun. Br. Ind., B. Ill, 1895, 203), viz. the Cuckoos 
(Cuculidae) and Touracos (Musophagidae)^ an African family. In the former the 
outer toe is always reversed, and the oil-gland nude; in the Touracos the outer 
toe is reversible, the oil-gland tufted (Shelley) and “the bill of nearly all the 
species is curiously serrated or denticulated along the margin” (Newton, D. 
B. 982). 
On the order Coccyges Mr. Blanford remarks: “This is distinguished from 
all other zygodactyle groups, except the Parrots, by possessing the ambiens 
muscle, a character to which a very high imj)ortance was attached by Garrod, 
and by the deep plantar tendons being arranged as in Gallinaceous birds, and 
