190 
Birds of Celebes: Cuculidae. 
them and European specimens (h 7, h 11, h 12), though Styan (b 10) has since 
remarked that “the common Cuckoos of Kinkiang are nearly all of a small pale 
race, with very narrow bars on the under parts”. Hume and Oates also treat 
of them under the name C. canorus, and it may he doubted whether an attempt 
to discuss under a separate trinomial so slight a departure from the typical form 
is well advised. In the East India Islands, Salvador! and other naturalists 
carefully hold the eastern form apart under the name canoroides, though the 
Italian ornithologist at the same time calls attention to its very close resemblance 
to the typical form. 
Capt. Shelley (Cat. B. XIX, 252) identifies what Count Salvador! appears 
to us to call C. canoroides with a different species, “0. intermedins Vahl”; and 
Salvador! (Orn. Pap., Agg. 1891, 217) apparently acquiesces in this determi- 
nation, overlooking the fact that Shelley catalogues several specimens of C. ca- 
norus from his own especial province, the Moluccas and New Guinea, as well 
as several of intermediud\ From Sal va dor i’s remarks we conclude that he 
was in possession of specimens of the small south-eastern race of the former 
bird only. intermediud\ according to Mr. Blanford (Faun. Br. Ind., B. IH 
1895, 208) — here called C. saturatus, — may be distinguished in adult plu- 
mage from C. canorus by the much darker up]3er parts, “pure blackish ashy”; the 
edge of the wing pure white; the size always smaller and the bill a little 
stronger. 
Shelley speaks of the bars as “jet-black”; in canorus as “more dusky”. 
The bars on Salvador i’s canoroides are dusky (“nigricans”), and very little 
broader than in the typical canorus, and the wing 200 mm, in one case 220 mm, 
as in a good-sized specimen of C. canorus. 
To the differences pointed out by Oates and Blanford it may be added 
that “C. intermedius'' (Shelley, partim) appears to have a very distinct cry. 
Colonel Tytler (Ibis 1868, 202, under C. himalayanus) speaks of it as a 
peculiar call of “Goog, goog, goog”, as heard by him between Simla and 
Mussurie; Seebohm, who shot the bird in Siberia, as “a guttural and hollow- 
sounding “hoo” (Ibis 1878, 326); Major Marshall saw the bird (called C. hima- 
layanus) as it was uttering “the deep booming notes sounding something between 
the notes of the Hoopoe and Green Pigeon” (Ibis 1884, 410). Swinhoe’s 
C. monosyllahicus (Ibis, 1865, 545), with a cry “like the two notes of canorus run 
into one”, is probably the same; but the species spoken of by Major Scully 
as C.striatus (Str. F. 1879, YIII, 254) would appear from its cry rendered by 
the natives of Nepaul as “Kaifal pakyo” to be C. micropterus Gould, whose 
note according to Oates resembles the word “bho-kutha- kho”. 
The form, with the monosyllabic call, should, apparently, as Mr. Blan- 
ford shows, be called Cuculus saturatus Hodgs. It has been supposed to occur 
in Celebes, but we believe erroneously, the eastern form of C. canorus, which 
visits the East Indies in winter, having been confused with it. 
