284 
Birds of Celebes: Alcedinidae. 
Halcyon pileata (I) Sharpe, Monogr. Alcedin. 1868, 169, pi. 62; (2) Armstr., Str. F. 1876, 
lY, 306; (3) Hume & Davison, Str. F. 1878, VI, 75, 499; (4) Legge, B. Ceylon 
1880, 301; (5) Vidal, Str. F. 1880, IX, 49; (6) Bingh., t. c. 154; (7) Butler, 
t. c. 382; (8) Kelham, Ibis 1881, 380; (9) Oates, B. Brit. Burmah 1883, H, 83; 
(10) Guillem., P. Z. S. 1885, 548; (11) Biittik., Xotes Leyd. Mus. 1887, 38; (12) 
Taczam, P. Z. S, 1888, 462; (12^^^) Hartert, J. f. 0. 1889, 365; (13) Everett, 
J. Str. Br. B. A. 8. 1889, 160; (14) Whitehead, Ibis 1890, 45; (15) Steere, List 
B. Philipp. B. 1890, 11; (15^^^) Hagen, T. Xed. Aard. Genoots. 1890 (2) VH, 144; 
(16) Styan, Ibis 1891, 317, 325, 483; (17) Stejm, Pr. U. S. Xat. Mus. 1891, XIV, 
495; (18) De La Touche, Ibis 1892, 479; G^jHose, Ibis 1893, 409; (20) Styan, 
t. c. 433; (21) Hart., Xov. Zool. 1894, 480; (22) Bourns & Worces., B. Menage 
Exped. 1894, 34; (23) Everett, Ibis 1895, 30; (24) Blanf., Faun. Br. Ind. B. HI. 
1895, 133. 
c. Entomobiai) pileata (1) Cab. & Heine, Mus. Hein. 1860, H, 155; (2) Salvad., Oat. Ucc. 
Borneo 1874, 102; (3) Wald., Tr. Z. 8. 1875, IX, 154; (4) David & Oust., Ois. 
Chine, 1877, 75; (5) Meyer, Ibis 1879, 61; (6) Tacz., J. f. 0. 1881, 180; (7) 
W. Bias., ib. 1883, 124, 147; fSj id., Ornis 1888, 307; (9) Vorderman, X. Tdschr. 
Xed. Ind. 1889, XLIX, 423; (10) Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1891, 48; (11) Tacz., 
Faun. Orn. Sib. Orient. 1891, I, 192. 
d. Dacelo pileata (1) Scbb, Mus. P.-B. Alcedin. 1863, 27; (II) id., Vog. Xed. Ind. Ijsv. 1864, 
22, 54, pi. IX, fig. 2; (3) id., Bevue Alcedin. 1874, 18. 
e. Halcyon pileatus (1) Sharpe, Cat. B. XVIII, 1892, 229. 
For further synonymy and references see Sharpe e 1. 
Figures and descriptions. Gould h I\ Sharpe J, e 1\ Schlegel d II\ Hume 3\ Legge 4; 
David & Oust, c 4; Oates .9; Taczanowski c 11; Blanford 24. 
Adult. Above bright French-blue; entire bead, including malar region and nape, and 
wing-coverts black; chin, throat and a broad collar round the neck white, 
passing into cinnamon -rufous on lower breast, abdomen, and under tail- and wing- 
coverts; remiges and tail below black, the primaries for their basal half or more 
white, forming a broad patch. 
Wing 124 mm; tail 80; tarsus 14, bill from nostril 53. (Main, Minahassa, 
16. Feb. 1894: Xat. Coll. — C 13241). 
“Bill deep red; mouth pale red; eyelids pinkish plumbeous, covered with white 
feathers, except on the edges where they are black; feet dark red, brownish in front 
of the tarsus; claws dark born-colour; iris dark brown” (Oates 9). Length 280 mm; 
culmen 61; wing 127; tail 86; tarsus 14 (Sharpe I, el). 
Adult female. Does not differ in colour from the male. Length 280 mm; culmen 61; wing 130; 
tail 76; tarsus 13 (Sharpe ih.). 
Young. Birds of the year have the black of the upper parts and the blue of the back and 
rump less pure, and the sides of the chest and breast, as also the feathers of the 
hind -neck collar, marked with crescentic tippings of blackish brown; hut in some 
examples the latter part is striated with brown instead of barred. These crescentic 
markings appear to remain until the bird is fully aged, as they are present in many 
specimens which have the upper surface in beautiful adult feather (Legge 4). Bill 
shorter, yellow-brown in colour (Styan 16). Irides bluish grey; legs and feet dark 
red-brown; soles pale red; hill dark brown, except at extreme tip of lower mandible 
for about 0.25 in. from tip, the sides and angle of gonys, the gape and one-third of 
upper mandible from tip gradually coming to a point on ridge of culmen, which 
i) Entomobia — nomeii nudum. 
