368 
Birds of Celebes: Muscicapidae. 
secondaries about 7s as long as the primaries, the second primary hardly ex- 
ceeding them; the rictal bristles are well developed, reaching to within the ter- 
minal third of the culmen, the bill from the nostril about half as long as the 
tarsus, the tarsus about as long as the middle toe and claw. The sexes gene- 
rally differ somewhat in coloration; the young are mottled. The genus ranges 
(cf. Sharpe) from India to Timor and the Philippines. 
f 123. SIPHIA BANYUMAS (Horsf.). 
Blue-and-rufous Flycatcher. 
Plate XIV. 
It has been shown by Mr. Hartert (f 1) that this form differs racially in 
Borneo and in Celebes, the females in the former country having white lores 
and the males showing some less striking divergences from Celebes birds. 
Hartert identifies the Borneo birds wfith those of Java; unfortunately the female 
of the latter seems never to have been described, and it is not yet certain that 
the Celebes birds are distinct from, and those of Borneo identical with, those of 
Java. Probably neither are quite the same as the latter, but, until this is known 
to be the case, it may be preferable not to commence to break up the species. 
a. Muscicapa banyumas (1) Horsf., Tr. L. 8. 1821, XIH, 146; (II) id., Zool. Eesearches in 
Java 1824, pi. 38. 
b. Muscicapa cantatrix (I) Temm., PL Col. 1823, pi. 226 (cf only, fide Sharpe). 
c. Niltava banyumas (1) Gray, Gen. B. 1846, I, 264; (2) Brfigg., Abh. Yer. Bremen 1876, 
V, 68. 
d. Cyornis banyumas (1) Bernst. , J. f. 0. 1859, 265 (Nat. Tdschr. Ned. Ind. 1860, XXH, 
19); (2) Wald., Tr. Z. 8. 1872, VIII, 117 (?pt. not Borneo); (3) Salvad., Cat. 
Ucc. Borneo 1874, 130 (?pt.); (4) W. Bias., J. f. 0. 1883, 137; (5) Yorderman, 
Nat. Tdschr. Ned. Ind. 1886, XLY, 362; (6) Tristr., Cat. Coll. B. 1889, 202 (?pt.). 
Siphia banyumas (1) Sharpe, Cat. B. lY, 1879, 449 (?pt.); (2) Nicholson, Ibis 1882, 68; 
?(3) Everett, P. Z. 8. 1889, 226; ?(4) id., J. Str. Br. K A. 8. 1889, 132; ‘?(5) 
Sharpe, Ibis 1890, 276; Hartert, Kat. Senckenb. Mus. 1891, 96 (?pt.); (6^'^) id.. 
Grins 1891, 120; ^ (7) Hose, Ibis 1893, 398; (8) Blittik., Zool. Erg. Weber’s Beise 
in Ost-Ind. 1893, HI, 277, 286; (9) M. & Wg., Abh. Mus. Dresd. 1895, Nr. 8, p. 9; 
(10) iid., ib. 1896, Nr. 1, pp. 5, 9. 
e. Siphia rufigula (err.), (1) Meyer, Ibis 1879, 128. 
f. Siphia omissa (1) Hartert, Nov. Zool. 1896, 71, 157, 171, 172; (2) id., ib. 1897, 158. 
“Siongsiong”, near Tondano, Nat. Coll. 
For further synonymy and references compare Hartert f 1, and see Salvador! d 5; Sharpe 1. 
Figures and descriptions. Horsfield a II\ Temminck b I\ Sharpe 1; Yorderman d 5. 
Adult male. Above, including tail and exposed edges of quills, China-blue on a dark ground, 
duskier on the crown; forehead, superciliary region, and lesser wing-coverts 
much brighter blue; lores, chin, malar region, sides of throat, and ear-coverts 
slaty black, washed with blue posteriorly; throat and under surface dark orange- 
rufous, paler on under wing-coverts and middle of abdomen; wings and tail below 
shining dusky, paler on the inner webs of the quills, washed with buff on the inner- 
