482 
INDEX 
Equatorial climate, uniformity of, in all 
parts of the world, 230 
local diversities of, 231 
Equatorial zone, temperature of, 219 
hea veils, aspect of, 234 
forest-belt, cause of, 238 
forests, general features of, 240 
Equus, 164 
Eroscliema poweri, 66 
Erycinidse mimic Heliconidse, 60 
Erythroplatis corallifer, 66 
Estrelda, sexual colouring and nidifi- 
cation of, 126 
Euenemidse, mimicking a Malaco- 
derm, 66 
Eudromias morinellus, 132 
Eugenes fulgens, 319 
Euglossa dimidiata, 69 
Eumorphidse, a protected group, 62 
imitated by Longicorns, 65 
Eunica and Siderone, resemblance of 
species of, 384 
Euplsea niidamus, 62, 79 
E. rhadamanthus, 62 
Euplcea, pale species of, in Moluccas 
and New Guinea, 384 
Eurylsemidse, sexual colouring and 
nidification of, 126 
Eusteplianus, 324 
Eustephanus galeritus, 326 
Euterpe oleracea, 260 
Evaporation and condensation, equal- 
ising effects of, 229 
Extinct animals, intermediate forms 
of, 164 
Extinction of lower races, 177 
Female birds, colours of, 80 
sometimes connected with their 
mode of nidification, 124 
more exposed to enemies than the 
males, 130 
greater brilliancy of some, 379 
Female butterflies generally dull- 
coloured, 137 
Female insects, mimicry by, 78, 137 
colours of, 80 
greater brilliancy of some, 372 
Female sex, has no incapacity for as 
brilliant coloration as the male, 129 
in some groups requires more 
protection than the male, 136 
Ferns, 253 
Fiji islands, pale butterflies of, 385 
Fire-ants, 280 
Fishes, protective colouring of, 41 
causes of general coloration of, 
348 
Fissirostral birds, nests of, 123 
Florida, ancient shell-mounds of, 436 
Flowers, causes of colour in, 89 
comparative scarcity of, in equa- 
torial forests, 263 
and insects, 266 
of temperate zones brilliantly 
coloured, 343 
comparatively scarce in tropical 
forests, 344 
attractive colours of, 400 
fertilised by insects, 400 
attractive odours of, 402 
when sweet not conspicuously 
coloured, 402 
attractive grouping of, 403 
Alpine, why so beautiful, 403 
why allied species differ in beauty, 
404 
when wind-fertilised not coloured, 
404 
relation of colours of, to distribu- 
tion, 405 
and fruits, recent views as to 
action of light on, 406 
of Auckland and Campbell’s isles, 
bright coloured, 408 
Flowering -trunks, probable cause of, 
244 
Flying-lizards, 303 
Foliage, two chief types of, in tropical 
forests, 243 
colours of, 395 
Foot of savages does not approach 
that of apes, 423 (note) 
Forbes, Edward, objections to his 
theory of polarity, 13, 17 
Force is probably all Will-force, 211 
Forest-belt, cause of equatorial, 238 
Forest-belts, temperate, 240 
Forests, effect of, on rainfall and 
drought, 231 
devastation caused by destruction 
of, 232 
equatorial, 240 .4 
undergrowth of tropical, 243 
Forest-tree, section of a Bornean, 242 
formed from climbers, 242 
