212 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[JUJ^E, 
livened by the numerous window and door openings, 
the several projections of piazza, dormers, and 
cornices, and the variety of the materials used. 
The dressing of the several parts are of simple de- 
signs. The projections of cornices, etc., should 
always be self-sustaining, yet whUe this is true 
Fig. 1. — ELEVATION OJ PEONT OF HOUSE. 
there is sure to be a fancied necessity for some ap- 
parent support obvious from the outside. Such 
supports require special treatment, with a view to 
their proper form and proportion, and should be 
sparingly applied, giring to each one its distinct 
place and purpose. Brackets of neat pattern are 
often crowded so closely together as to cheapen and 
destroy their beauty, and overload the cornice, thus 
reversing their legitimate purpose as supports 
Cellar, (fig. 2.)— Hight of ceiling 7 feet ; it ex- 
tends under the main house only. Its hight above 
Fig. 3. — PLAU OF CEIiAB. 
the ground gives an opportunity lor good sized 
window openings. If desired at any time, an airy 
and light work room or laundry can be made, by 
dividing and flooring a part of this storv at little 
cost First Story, (tig. 3.) — Hight of ceUing 
10 feet. It has a haU runniug the whole length of 
the main house, with entrances from both front and 
rear. The parlor, dining-room, and kitchen, are all 
good sized apartments, and pleasantly arranged. 
Double folding doors are provided for the front 
entrances and from the hall to the parlor, and slid- 
ing doors between the parlor and dining-room. A 
bay window adds materially to the room and pleas- 
antness of the dining or living-room. Each room 
has an open fire place ; the kitchen has a pump and 
sink, with the usual supply and waste-pipe con- 
nections. The rear stoop is roofed, and has a port- 
able enclosure of light ceiling boards, to be used in 
severe weather Second Story, (fig. 4.) — 
Hight of celling 85 feet. The divisions of this story 
are simple— giving a hall, two large chambers, with 
passage between, two hall rooms, and two closets. 
Coiistriictiosi. — The estimate below pro- 
vides for foundation of broken stone, laid and neatly 
pointed with good mortar ; the stone exposed to 
sight on the outside to be " semi-dressed." Blue- 
stone or other suitable stone obtained most readily, 
are used for the sills of cellar windows, for the 
steps, and for coping of the cellar entrance. The 
principal timber is of seasoned spruce or pine, 
thoroughly framed, raised, and secured. The 
"framing-in" of braces is too frequently omitted 
— cutting them " barefoot," and spiking, being 
substituted. The latter does very well where the 
frame is strongly sheathed over, and the outer sid- 
ing applied afterwards. The sheathing aids largely 
in stifEening the frame, but should not be relied on 
to the exclusion of the necessary braces to square 
up the frame, and prevent the swaying which often 
happens unobserved, to be discovered when too 
late to remedy it. Laxity in the matter of bracing 
has lead to frequent errors as to their proper place 
in the frame. When framed in they are invariably 
placed in the upper angles under the ties and plates, 
adjoining the posts, and when barefoot they should 
be put in the same angles ; never, as is frequently 
done for convenience, in the lower angles, nor ou 
the sUis. A moment's reflection wiU convince any 
one that if tlie right angles along the principal frame 
are rigidly maintained, displacements wiU never occur, 
except, as rarely happens, the whole is bodily rais- 
ed from the foundation by a hurricane. The most 
reliable angles are those formed by the tie and post 
connections, because at these points the posts are 
tenoned and mortised together, and secured with 
hard wood pins. Those least reliable are at the 
foot of the posts, adjoining the sUis, where their 
connections are secured only by the weight of the 
upper frame. Braces placed in the latter angles 
serve only as f ulcrums to endanger the frames when 
tested by ordinary winds ; but if the former or 
upper angles are made positive, by having sub- 
stantial braces in them, the severest gales may be 
defied. The siding is of naiTow, clear pine clap- 
boards, laid on " thicknessed " sheathing. The 
Mansard part of the main roof is covered ■nith 
8x16 inch slate — the piazza, bay window, kitchen, 
stoop, cornices, window, and deck roof with I. C. 
charcoal tin — all laid on hemlock boards. Tarred 
felting is spread under all siding, and slate. The 
first and second stories are fully completed inside ; 
the attic is floored, but otherwise unfinished, but 
may be divided at any time into rooms as shown 
for the second story (fig. 4.) The interior plaster- 
ing is three-coat work, on seasoned lath. All sash 
are four lights and hung to balauce weights. Blinds 
are properly hung (outside) to each window. All 
wood, tin, and brick work, usually painted, has two 
coats of best lead and oU paint, with stainers to 
suit the owner's taste. The choice of colors for 
the exterior is frequently canvassed during the con- 
struction of these buildings ; often some person of 
taste (?) decides by " warming " — adding red and 
yellow, until, by the preponderance of these stain- 
ers, the most sombre and dismal colors are produced. 
The most appropriate and pleasing shade for the 
body of this class of house, is a light gray ; for the 
trimmings, dark gray ; for the sash, liurnt sienna; 
for the blinds, green. The tin roofing should match 
the date in color. Red colors should be sparingly 
used, or omitted altogether. 
£!>tiniiite of materials required — and total cost: 
^0 yards ext-aviition at "^5 cents [teryard $12J,0 
975 feet of stone-foundation, at 8c. per foot 18.00 
4;'> fr. blue-stone sills, stens and copins. at SOc. per 11. 33.50 
40fl0 bricks, furnished and laid, at$l3perM 48.00 
480 yards plastering, at 30 cents per yard 144.00 
('ornires and centers, stucco 30,00 
4000 feet of timber, at i\'ii per M 70.U0 
2 sills, 4x3 in. 29 fi-et long, 
a sills, 4sS in. 21 feet long. 
1 sill, 4x8 In. 16 feet long. 
a sills, 4x8 in. 13 feet loiij;. 
i gu-t, 4x8 in. 29 feet long. 
6 posts, 4x7 In. 22 feet long. 
6 ties, 4x6 in. 29 feet long. 
6 ties. 4xfi in. 21,feet long. 
2 plates, Jxii in. 13 feet long. 
1 plate. 4x6 In. 16 feet long. 
.losts, 4x'"« In. 13 feet long. 
30 beams, 3x8 in. 21 leet long. 
15 beams. .3x7 in. 21 feet long. 
7 beams, 3x8 in, 16 feet long, 
2 decks, 3xS in. IS fi-et long. 
2 decks. 3x8 in. 26 feet lonu'. 
1 cross tie, 3x8 in. 1? feet long. 
4 hips, 3x7 in. 14 feet long. 
2 piazzas, 3x7 in. 19 Jeet long. 
2 piazzas, 3x7 in, 18 feet long. 
325 wall strips, at 12 cents each 39.00 
75 joists, at 16 ceuls each 12.00 
o W 
O X 
KITCHEN 
C 
iV, 
DINING y. LIVING 
ROOM 
1.3'-6"xlf-6- 
:. 3. — PLAN OF FIEST FLOOK. 
21Wtemlock boards, at 12 cents each.. 
cornice materials 
218 sheathing, at 16 cents each 
560 pine siding, at 12 cents each 
K squares ^late at $8M Per square. . . 
13 squares tin at $7M per square 
65 feet leaders at 10 cents per foot 
260 flooring, at 18 cen rs eacli 
23.20 
60.00 
34.40 
«7.20 
68.00 
Tift) 
6.50 
46.80 
PLAN OF SECOUD FLOOK. 
Piazza, and stoop, complete, $80 and $28 108.00 
4 cellar windows, coniplete. at $4 each '.6.00 
5 phiin Willi lows, complete, at $12 each fiO.OO 
6 plain windows, complete, at $10 each 60.UC 
1 day window 6000 
n dormer windows, coiiipletc. at $16 each 80.(K> 
13 doors, coniplele, al $111 each 130.00 
I area door $.T : staii-s, $90 95.00 
Closets, purup.'and sink 50.00 
Mantles, $52.00.... Tarred Felting $10.00 62.00 
Carpenter's labor, not included above, 110,00 
Caning, average 1 mile 45.00 
Painting, $1SO.OO; Incidentals, $141.40 271.40 
Total Cost, complete ^^XOM 
