36! 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[October, 
Contents for October, 1877. 
Among the Farmers, No. 21.— Green Fodder, Frcncli 
Silo, Golden Millet, Prickly Comfrey, Cow Jockey- 
ing 374-375 
Barns— Eclio Farm Barns -2 llluetrattons . .S~ii-ZlS 
Bee Notes for October 395 
Boat, A Cradle for Illustrated. . 377 
Boys and Girls' Columns— Aunt Snc'sCli.its — Tlie Ad- 
ventures of a Dog, a Basket and two Naughty Boys 
—Doctor's Correspondence — Bnmble-Becs — Rliino- 
ccros Beetle — To mend Broken Glass— Puzzle Bos — 
How People Travel W ltluslralions..^o-ZW 
Cats and Aloles 37S 
Cattle Market at e)th Street, N. Y .. ..lllmtratta..ZSl-Ti-\. 
Cisterns for Storing Water 3 lUusl.rations . .Z~S 
Corn Fodder, How to Cure . . .Z lllusiraliom . .Zm 
Corn Fodder, Storing 378 
Dairy, Cooley System of Setting jnik..3 Illustrations ..376 
Dairy, The Shorthorn Cow for 378 
Farm Work in October .302 
Flower Garden and Lawn in October 301 
Fruit Garden in October 363 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in October 301 
Grist Mills, Useful Farm 368 
Guns, Something About 309 
Hints and Helps for Farmers, Cattle Stanchions, Teth- 
ering Animals, Post Hole Digger, The Yalue of 
Leaves 6 Illustrations.. ZIS 
Honschold Department— Home Topics — Buying of 
Peddlers, Getting Things Mended, Simplicity and 
Health in Dress, Washing Black and White Goods, 
Comfortable Chairs for the Sick or Well. .4 i«. .383-385 
Honse, Pl.an foi Cottage i Mlusti'ations . .Z1H 
Insects, Exporting the Potato Beetle 377 
Kitchen and JIarket Garden in October... ., 304 
Lawn .Mowers for Horses lUxtstrated . . 383 
Market Report for October 365 
Notes from the Pine.^ — Cambridge Botanic Garden — 
Arnold Arboretum — Prizes for Tree Planting— Mr. 
Sargent's Grounds 383-383 
Ogden Farm Papers No. 92. — The disposal of Honse 
Waste ^ lUuttratiom. 371 
Orchard and Nursery in October 363 
Plants, The Japan Creeper 383 
Poultry-Houses, F. H. Kinney's. . .2 Illustrations . .Z~Z-Z1i 
Poultry-Houses, W. C. Tracy's. ...3 Illustrations.. ZTi-SSi 
Raspberries, Sojne New Hardy Illustrated. . 381 
Science Applied to Farming. — XS5IV. — About Ashes 
as Fertilizers 369 
Silver- Ware Cheap 369 
Steam Engines for the Farm 6 Illustrations. . 380 
Storm Glasses 3'S 
Sumach, Preparing for Market 2 Illustrations.. 3~7 
Talks on Farm Crops, No. 8— Seasons and Climates 375-376 
Trees for Small Places— The Japan Maples. .4 III. . 381-382 
What Farmers Must Do 369 
TNDKX TO "BASKET." OU SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Calendar for October. 
Air Compressors 394 
Bean Harvester .395 
Bean Meal 395 
Bean Named 367 
Bloody Milk 394 
Business Reviving 366 
Canning Tomatoes 367 
Caraway 395 
Centennial Awards 394 
Clean Barn-yards 395 
Copper-Strip Cutter 367 
Corn Hnsker lU.. Z6S 
Cutting Corn 394 
Diseased Kidneys 395 
Draft Horses .365 
Drainage of Cellar 394 
English Laborer's Day.. .395 
B.xport, Beef and Mutton.394 
Farmers Swindled in 
Seeds 366 
Farming without Mannre394 
Fertilizers for N. Scutia.393 
Flies on Cows 395 
Fractures in Animals 394 
Fruit Humbugs 394 
Garget in Cows . .394 
Goo'ilCow 395 
Grain Drills 394 
Grain for Pigs 395 
Hog Cholera: 395 
Hogs in Manure Cellar. 394 
How to Feed All Hay, etc.395 
Impacted Rumen 395 
Improving Stony Laml .. 395 
Iron Dish-Cloth 394 
Keeping Butter 394 
Lime on Cloddy Soils 394 
Loss of Sheep .393 
IfanurePit... 367 
Mold in Milk-honse 395 
Names of Fruits 367 
North Carolina 394 
Owner Wanted .367 
Pi^s for England ,365 
Pocket Wat'ering Pot 308 
Poison Ear-rines 395 
Poland Chinas East 393 
Pomoiogical Society 367 
Potash on Wlie.at 307 
Poultry Manure .367 
Prickly Comfrey .367 
Salt on Wheat .393 
Sanitarv Diainage 367 
Scrap Books 367 
Self-sucking Cow.... 367-394 
Sheep Barn .393 
Sheep Disease .391 
Shepherds Dog .393 
Size'of Coin Slieller 395 
Sowing Red-top .395 
Special Notes 306 
Sundry Humbugs .307 
Temjieratiire in Churnin£r394 
Tinkering Tinware "367 
Ventilaiinglce-Honse.. .394 
Veterinary College 393 
Washing and Washers. ..368 
Weight of Mainire .395 
Wheat Fertilizers 393 
Woman Farmer 394 
Presei-vatiou of ^Vater Fronts. — 
"A. B. R.," Talbot Co., Md. Methods of preventing the 
waste of land by washing, both upon river banks and sea 
shores, were given in the Amei-ican Ar/ricultunst ot ¥eh., 
1372. Further useful information on this subject, and al- 
so upon reclaiming lands that have been thus damaged, 
will be found in a work upon irri<ration and reclamation 
of lands, entitled "Irrigation for the Farm," etc.. which 
can be had at this office for $1.50, post-paid. 
Bo\t.n}, .y l^na 
.y.r.cu/. CI., 
Wd'-hiiititon, 
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Philadeivhia. 
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PHASES OF THE MOOM. 
MOON. 
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4 8 ev. 
1st Quart 13 
10 5S ev. 10 46 ev. 
10 31 ev. 
10 23 ev. 
9 53 ev. 
Full M'li ■» 
2 47 mo. 3 85 mo. 
a 23 mo 
2 It mo. 
1 41 mo. 
SdQ.iurt. ;9 
9 37 mo. 9 25 nio. 
9 13 mo 
9 1 mo. 1 S 31 mo. 
AMEillCAN AGEICULTURIST. 
NEW XOEK, OCTOBER, 187~. 
There have been few seasons at the close of which 
farmers have been better satisfied with the general 
result of their year's labor than the present one. 
The harvest, with few exceptions, has been all that 
could be reasonably desired. Crops of wheat of 
40 to .50 bushels per acre are not untrequently re- 
ported, and that great bugbear, the potato-beetle, 
has been easily vanquished. The season has certain- 
ly been favorable ; but we have the best reason to 
know that better farming has greatly helped to 
produce the excellent crops which now overflow 
the barns and grauai'ics. Had it not been that the 
markets have been aided by the occurrence of war 
in Eastern Europe, there would still have been 
handsome returns for the year's work. It is evident 
on every hand that our system of agriculture is 
improving year by year, and this imp''ovement has 
been, of late, more rapid than ever. The hints 
and helps in the way of information, both prac- 
tical and scientific, which for thirty-five years 
past have been furnished by the American Agricul- 
turist, have not been without their results. During 
this period many millions of copies have been 
spread far and wide, to every comer of this coun- 
try, and many have gone to other countries, and 
thousands upon thousands of farmers have learned 
something new and valuable from them every 
month. 'The effect of this, not to speak of a simi- 
lar influence for good that has been exerted by many 
of our excellent agricultural cotemporaries, can- 
not possibly have failed to help the practice of 
agriculture towards a much higher standard. 
" Line upon line, precept upon precept," like the 
continual dropping of water which wears the 
stone, has undoubtedly encouraged the use of bet- 
ter methods of work, greater economy of manage- 
ment, the employment of labor-saving implements 
and machines, the use of better seed, more fertil- 
izers, both home made and artificial ones, the 
breeding of better stock and improved modes of 
feeding them, the building of better barns and 
stables, and better sanitary regulations in these and 
the yards about them, and last, but not least, better 
arangements of domestic affairs. All these, and 
more that might be mentioned, which have been 
in our columns continually kept before the atten- 
tion of farmers, have helped to bring about the re- 
sults referred to. But the limits of improvement 
have by no means been reached. In fact, we have 
but as yet only begun to improve, and until we can 
see no place for any better work or methods of 
work, our efforts must continue. Every year the 
field widens and lengthens. The past year more 
t'uan 2.5,000 new fai-ms have been opened, and this 
has not been a good year for such enterprise. We 
are, also, every year finding new foreign markets, 
and new industries at home are making more cus- 
tomers for our produce. The farmer's vocation is 
a sure one, it is his business to make it a profit- 
able one, by bringing to it .all the skill, intelligence, 
and industry, that may be possible. 
Slimts for '^Toi-k. 
Fall Wheat, — 'RTiere the soil and season admit 
of it, wheat may still be sown the early part of this 
month. This may be done upon rich, well-drained 
soil, in the Middle and Southern States. Late 
sowing helps us to escape the fly, but brings 
danger of the midge and rust. These latter may be 
avoided (while we escape the first) by stimulating 
the crop to a quick growth by selectiug midge- 
proof varieties, and by pickling the seed. For all 
such late sowings, a generous dressing of some ac- 
tive ammoniacal fertilizer should be given. Am- 
monia is needed now, and pure guano conveys 
this to the roots ; 150 lbs. per acre may be applied. 
A Picldefor Latc-soimi Wlieat is made by dissolv- 
ing i ounces of sulphate of copper (blue vitriol), 
to every gallon of water needed. Put 3 bushels of 
wheat in a tub or barrel, and pour the above named 
solution over it so that it shall be evenly distributed 
through the grains. Stu'the wheat thoroughly and 
turn it out on a clean bara floor. Then stir in 
enough dry newly-slaked lime to cover every grain. 
Sye may be sown all this month ; but the later 
the sovring, the more seed should be used. For a 
soiling crop in early spring, sow 3 bushels per acre. 
Water Furrows should be made in all grain fields 
as soon as the sowing is finished. If left later, the 
growing plants will be Injuredby the trampling and 
the passage of the plo w. We would do this even 
on underdrained laud if the surface needs it. In 
this case the furrows should start from betweeu 
the dr.ains to low places over them. 
Fall Fallowing, — Weedy meadows may be turned 
over in this month ; plow corn stubbles and culti- 
vate two or three times before winter. 
Fan Plowing, — Ground for oats should be fall- 
plowed and left ridged so that the cultivator or har- 
row may fit it for seeding iu early spring. The 
land for early potatoes should also be plon"R& and 
manured. Spread the manure upon the plowed 
ground and leave until spring, then plow it under. 
Sod Ground for Corn may be liberally top dressed 
with coarse manm-e now, but not plowed untU 
near the time for planting in the spring, when a 
dressing of artificial corn fertilizer will be sufficient 
for a good crop. Better employ an extra team in 
spring to plow for com, than turn a sod now. There 
is other and much more pressing work at this season. 
Cutting Corn should not be delayed. Every day's 
delay after corn is fit to cut, greatly damages the 
fodder, the value of which is no small item. 
iluskinrj may begin at once, then the fodder 
can be taken care of as it should be. When well 
cribbed, the com will dry as quickly or better than 
in the stook exposed to stonns. Use Hall's husk- 
ing gloves, which will spare the hands, unless a 
huskin.g machine can be hired. The Philips' husk- 
ing machine will make short work of this business. 
Stacking Corn-Fodd-:r, — We prefer to stack otir 
fodder rather than put it under cover. It is too- 
bulky for the barn, and if well stacked wiU keep in 
good condition. We make small stacks holding 
five or six loads, and one of these may be brought 
into the bam as it may be wanted during the win- 
ter. These stacks may be made in the field. See 
further i;emarks on this subject at page 369. 
Roots, — Mangels and sugar beets should be har- 
vested early. Frost injures them. Frozen beet- 
leaves are not wholesome food for stock, but if they 
are gathered before frost, they make excellent fod- 
der. These may be pitted and kept for some we»ks 
yet, if sprinkled with salt and lightly covered with 
