a86 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[AUQCST, 
Contents for August, 1875. 
Aebesto?, What is! -2 2Uustia/ioiis..iX 
Barley Crop, Value of. 303 
Birds, How to <j;et Large 303 
Bobbin.!; for Eels lUuslraled. . 283 
Boviue Jlind 30j> 
Boys and Girls' Columns— August— Rabbits— How 
Bngravings are Made— Doctor's Talks— Cat, lutelli- 
gent— Fortune Made by a Wooaen Hat— Why is the 
Sea Salt— Aunt Sue's Puzzle Box— More Frightened 
than Hurt 3 lllmtrotions. . 310, 31-3 
Bull, How to Work 3 lllmtiaUons. .2<19 
Cabbage Bug, Harlequin lUuslraled.. 30Ci 
Castor-Beans, Harvesting lUiistrated. . 300 
Cheese and Butter, Oleo-Margarine 204 
Cheese, Skim 303 
Chicken Coops 4 llimiraliom. 300 
ChrysantheTnuuls 307 
Colorado Potato Bug lUuslrated.. 304 
Country the Place for Mechanics 303 
Currant Worm, Sure Cure for 30fi 
Cuttings in Summer 307 
Dog, Esquimaux lUustraled..297 
Evergreen, Retinispora pluuiosa aurea 307 
Farm Wagon, How to Build a Good 303 
Flower-Garden and Lawn forAugust 287 
Fruit Garden for August 287 
Greenhouse aud Window Plants for August 288 
Hints About Work 286 
Hoist Wheel with Biake lUmlraled. .302 
Household Department— Some Household Convenien- 
ces—Home Topics— Cork Puller— Household Que- 
ries— Oat Meal-Eating Fruit.. .5 lUmtralioili' . 30S-.310 
House Plan o lUmtialiom. 292 
Kitclien Garden for August 287 
Ladders. Extension 3 lUuslraCions..sm 
Market Report for August 288 
Ogden Farm Papers. Xo. U6— House Drainage— Swamp 
Draiuage — Rye and Cattle 203-295 
Onions Sown in Fall .307 
Orchard and Nursery for August 287 
Piauts, Injury to by Forcing 3O6 
Quamash Bulb and Flower lUmtruted . .305 
Redstart, American lUusiraled. . '207 
Rocky Mountain Bramble lUuslraled. . .306 
Roofs, Concrete 299 
Rustic Work lUuslraled. . 304 
Science Applied to Farming 293 
Splitting Rails 2 lUuslrations . 301 
Stacking Stage lUuslraled.. 301 
Strawberries 307 
Thrashing Machines, Traveling 297 
Tramps, Tim Bunker on 299 
Walks and Talks Correspondence 31S 
Walks and Talks ou the Farm, No. 140— Weeds- 
Drouth — Sheep — Hogs — Good Fanning — Steam 
Thr.ashing M.icliine .. lUuslraled.. iX)S-iOO 
Weigh, Measure, and Count Everything 303 
Why they do not Slay on the Farm 302 
Workshops, Hints for 2 lUuslralioiis . .301 
Wrenches, Two Handy Bolt 3 Itluslrations. . 301 
Plowing'Match at Miueola 204 
Potato Bug Notes 2 lUuslralions. .294 
INDEX TO "BASKET," OR SIlOHTEn AnTiCLES. 
Ayrshire Register 290! 
Berkshire Boar.Prolit of a290 
Books on Farming 289 
Broadcast Sower, Ca- 1 
boon's 31T 
Butter, Cheese, and Egg- 
Trade '»o: 
Calculating Machines 2911 
Cats Poisoned 'JiU 
Cattleat the Interiiational317 
Cement or Plank Floor. . 317 
Cheese, Cream '200 
Chickens, Gapes in 319 
Chickens Laic 200 
Colt, Breachy 319 
Corn, "Wyandotte." '291 
Crops to Plow Under. . . .'feS 
Crow, Another Use for 
the 290 
Cutting Timber, Time foi-291 
Dead Hcn-ie, How to Use. '.291 
Death of Lexington 319 
Depraved Appetite '289 
Downing's Landscape 
Gardening 2S8 
Drilling Grass Seed 201 
Effect of Guano 201 
Eggs, Guaranty of 319 
Failing to Breed ...290 
Feeding. Injudicious 319 
Fence Posts, Preserva- 
tives for 200 
Fertilizers for Fall Sow- 
ing 200 
Fisli Seine 290 
Fodder Crops 310 
Fonntaui for Clay Floor. iSO 
FowN, Plymouth Rock.. 317 
Fowls, Protrusion of Rec- j 
turn in .319' 
Garget 319 
Goat Manure. Value of. .'291 
Government Land 319 
Hay, Baling 2S9 
H -n Manure, Composting319 
Hoi-se - Power, Home- 
Made 317 
Leaf-Mold as Manure 201 
.Mildew, to Remove 317 
Millel 290 
Musk-Rits, to Destroy... 319 
N. Y. Daii-ymen's Associ- 
ation 289 
Painting a Kitchen Floor2S9 
Plants Named 291 
Plow, Direhing 289 
Potato Beetle 289 
Ponltrv, Megrims in 317 
Poultry Yards 289 
Pump. Fountain 289 
Rose, Erratic 291 
Self-Opening Gate 317 
Sheep for Kans.as 319 
Sliort-Horns, S.ale of 290 
Sowing Clover in July. ..290 
Slahle Floor, a Tight'. ...'280 
Stable Floor. Durable. . . .200 
Stock for Dairy 319 
Strawljerries at Mass. 
Horticultural 280 
Slumps. Extracting 2S0 
Sundry Humbugs 200 
Swine Asso., Berkshire.. 319 
Value ofaCord of Muck. 319 
Water Power and Stt^am. 
Cost of 200 
Where Can I Get? 2.'JS 
Wild Garlic 310 
Wire and Picket Fence. .'2s9 
Calendar for August. 
31 I T 
lio^lon.yhjng. 
laiui.N. Yoik 
Stale. MUln- 
gan, Wincun- 
■fin. fnwii. find 
'treaon. 
B.M H.M 
4 SJi- 21) 
4 .13 7 19 
7 IS 
7 16 
7 In 
7 14 
7 13 
7 11 
0; 10 
1,7 9 
S 
37 
417 
5,7 
el? 
7(7 
8 6 -19 
9 6 57 
5 10 fi 5.-. 
5 11 6 .it 
5 12'6 52 
r, 14: S ril 
5 l.i (i -.0 
.1 in 6 4S 
5 17 6 47 
5 isl6 45 
5 19,6 44 
.T •,>0|(i 42 
5 2l!6 40 
5 22l6 39 
;-) 23 6 37I 
sets 
8 22 
8 47 
9 S 
9 27 
9 41 
10 7 
10 30 
10 57 
11 -28 
morn 
10 
1 -i 
1 59 
3 U 
rises 
7 35 
7 57 
8 13 
8 40 
9 16 
9 36 
10 11 
10 -u 
11 5.1 
morn 
1 1 
2 18 
3 3; 
sets. 
It 
X Y.Uiiii. ri., 
miuilelplna. 
Sew Jeiseij. 
Fenn.. O/tto. 
Indiana, and 
Jiltjtoiii. 
U.M 
4 56 
4 5- 
4 .^s 
4 59 
5 
5 1 
0.31 
7 16 
7 15 
7 14 
7 12 
7 II 
7 10 
9 
7 6 
5 87 1 
5 9|7 
5 10,6 5S 
5 11 !r, r,6 
5 l-,''6 .'5 
5 13,6 53 
5 14 6 .52 
5 15 6 51 
5 11; 6 49 
5 17 6 48 
5 1816 47 
19^6 4. 
5 20 
5 21 
5 22 
5 23 
5 24 
5 25 
5 26 
6 41 
6 42 
6 41 
6 39 
6 38 
6 36 
6 35 
M'll^/liJigtont 
Mar ij land, 
Vtigiutn.Jien- 
tttckf/. JUt^ott- 
ri, and Cati- 
fovnia. 
i5^ 
U. M. 
sets 
8 20 
8 45 
9 7 
9-2S 
9 46 
10 10 
10 31 
11 03 1 
11 35 
morn 
18 
1 9 
2 6 
3 17 
rises 
7 33 
7 56 
8 IS 
n.M !T..M 
5 07 12 
5 17 11 
II7 10 
■ 9 
37 
47 
5'7 
6)7 
77 
87 
9;7 
5 2,7 
5 10,6 59 
8 42 
9 19 
9 40 I 
10 17; 
11 4 
morn 
a 
1 8 
2 24 
3 37 
set5 
10 
5 11 
5 12 
5 1:: 
5 14 
5 15 
5 16 
5 17 
5 IS 
5 19 
5 20 
5 21 
5 21 
5 22 
5 23 
5 24 
5 25 
5 -26 
5 27 
5 28 
6 .58 
6 r.7 
.55 
6 .53 
6 52 
6.50 
6 49 
6 48 
6 46 
6 45 
6 44 
6 4'.' 
6 41 
6 40 
6 38 
6 37 
6 36 
6 34 
3:i 
H. SI. 
sets. 
8 16 
8 43 
9 7 
9 28 
9 48 
10 13 
10 39 
11 9 
11 42 
ninrn 
26 
1 17 
2 13 
3 23 
rises 
7 30 
7 55 
8 19 
8 44 
9 22 
9 45 
10 23 
11 11 
morn 
10 
1 14 
2 SO 
3 41 
sets 
9 
ni.ASliS Ol'" THIi MOON. 
5IOOX. BOSTON. 
N.TOUK. 
WASH'N. CHA'srON 
CHICAGO. 
0. n. sr. 
IT. M. 
H. M. H. M. 
n. M. 
Kew M'n 1 a 44 mo. 
s :q mo. 
S 20 mo 8 8 mo 
7 3? mo. 
1st Qnarl 8 in 46 ev. 
10 3-1 ev. 
10 •.;2 ev. 10 10 ev. 
9 40 ev. 
KmII M'n 16 S 5'i ev. 
8 37 ev. 
S 26 ev. 8 14 ev. 
7 44 ev. 
3.1 Quart. 23 8 55 ev. 
S 42 ev. 
8 31 ev. s 19 ev. 
7 4'.l ev. 
New .M'n 30 6 .".7 ev. 
6 44 ev. 
6 33 ev. 6 21 ev. 
5 51 ev. 
AMEllICAX AGRirULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, AUGUST, 1875. 
The gloomy forebodings which were called forth 
by an unpropitious spring, have been fulfilled 
only in part. In many places where the destruc- 
tion of the crops was feared, an abundant harvest 
has been gutiiered. The locust and the chinch bug 
have happily failed to do any serious damage, and 
where last year there was poverty and suffering, 
this season there is abundance and comfort. So 
the wheat-fields which were all but destroyed by 
the winter's frosts revived under the influence of 
favorable summer 5veather, and while the crop is 
short, yet it will doubtless produce as much in 
money as if it were larger. The prospects of the 
markets are not easy to prognosticate. At any rate, 
there is but little probability of any material 
advance, while on the other h.ind, farmers will not 
submit to any reduction of prices, and need not 
force their grain on an unfavorable market. 
However, business everywhere is gradually re- 
suming a healthy character. In this there is 
a good promise for returning prosperity to the 
farmer who, now that his year's labors are nearly 
finished, may cheerfully and gratefully take rest 
and recreation, knowing that things are not so bad 
as were expected. 
Hiuts a1>oitt ^Vork. 
Weeds. — It is proper to commence this chapter of 
hints with weeds. In our walks over farms in 
different localities, 5ve see weeds are everywhere, 
in the corn-fields, amongst the potatoes, in the stub- 
bles and the young clover, and with ripe, or rapidly 
ripening seeds. Some good farmers keep them out . 
of their crops, but around the fences and in odd 
corners there are thrifty patches full of seed. At a 
gathering of fanners last month, some of them 
complained to us that the weeds were ruining their 
farms. In the very field where we stood, a summer- 
fallow too 1 — the weeds were in full bloom, and it 
mowed, would have made a ton to the acre. Ox- 
eye daisy, snap-dragon, wild radish, thistles, rag 
weed, pig weed, araarauths, and a score of such 
common, but pestiferous plants, covered the field 
60 that the plow could not wholly bury them. When 
this summer-fallow was plowed, the field 5vas seeded 
for a whole lifetime. Twenty years' labor cannot 
wholly clear it, and yet the man who owned the 
farm complained that the weeds were ruining him. 
There is one remedy for weeds, which is thorough- 
ly effective, and that is cutting them wherever 
found in odd places, before they blossom, and 
clean cultivation in the fields. 
Jnseets.~it is the same 5vith insects as with weeds, 
beetles, bugs, eatterpillars, and insects of all sorts 
in aU their toims. There must be constant warfare 
ag.ainst them, and they must be killed by every 
means in our power. But a fanner must keep his 
eyes open, or he will fail to see the enemy until 
too late. The tent eatterpillars sometimes clear 
every leaf from an orchard before the owner notices 
their unsightly nests upon the trees. Study the 
habits of these pests, and look out for them. Search 
the former volumes of the Agriculturist for infor- 
mation about them, and follow directions. Insects 
and weeds rob farmers of halt their profits, half 
their rest, and double their work. United and 
constant efforts .ire needed to get rid of them, but 
after every year of effort, the work will be lighter. 
Thrashin;]. — Grain in the granary is safe if the 
granary is a secure one. With such a building as was 
described in the Ai/riculturist for June last, the 
grain will keep safely and without loss, until sold. 
Thrash as soon as possible, whether the grain be 
sold or not. Some think it will pay to hold grain 
another year. That may be well for those who can 
afford it, but if one is in debt and borrowing money 
to hold grain, it is well to think twice and coilnt 
up the cost in interest. To pay interest on a debt 
and lose interest on money in bank, or idle, (and 
grain is money), is simply p.aying double interest. 
T7ie oat slubblc should he plowed as soon as the 
crop is harvested, so as to start the shelled grain 
into growth. No more plowing is needed. Keep 
the surface cultivated or harrowed. This 5vill kill 
thousands of weeds from newly dropped seeds. 
The pulverizing cultivator made by Gitlord John- 
son & Co., Hudson, N. Y., is a good Implement for 
this purpose, and may be set to cut one, two, or 
three inches iu depth, as may be desired. It will 
also cover the seed handsomely and better than a 
harrow. By keeping the surface mellow, the bot- 
tom is kept from becoming too dry and hard. 
Lime. — If lime is to be spread upon an oat stub- 
ble which is to be sown to wheat next month, and 
clover in the spring, it should not be draivn from 
the kiln until the ground is plowed, 5vhen it can be 
dropped at once on the field iu heaps of one bushel 
two rods apart each way. This will give exactly 40 
bushels per acre, which is a very fair dressing. The 
first shower wUl slake the lime and cause it to fall 
iuto a fine powder, when it may be spread evenly 
in a square, one rod each way from the heap, with 
a long-handled shovel. This is by far the easiest 
way of handling lime. 
Old Bulures may be renewed this month by cut- 
ting off the brush, bushes, etc., a little below the 
surface, burning them and spreading the ashes. 
Then go over the groand with a heavy sharp-toothed 
harrow, aud tear up the surface, spread some lime 
and top-dress with the scrapings of the stables and 
yards, sow some fresh seed and roU. A mixture of 
six pounds of timothy, four pounds of Kentucky 
blue grass, and four pounds each of red and white 
clover, may be used. 
Stacks of grain or hay should be well topped off 
or thatched, the fodder saved will pay the cost. 
Boot Crops wUl need thinning severely. Every 
supernumerarj' plant is really a weed, and should be 
pulled out with other weeds. Twelve inches apart 
is near enough for ruta bagas and turnips. 
l<all Plowing. — Clover sod for wheat should be 
turned perfectly flat and rolled to compact the sod. 
Six inches is deep enough for the plowing. Either 
a Shares' or a Nishwitz harrow is a good implement 
to work the surface before the seed is dnlled in. 
The sod should not be cross-plowed, but the soil 
worked fine with the cultivator or harrow. 
W/iite Turnips will make a good crop on an oat- 
stubble It sown eariy this month ; 300 lbs. of guano 
per acre will make a good and active fertilizer for 
these roots. To get an even crop, halve both the 
seed and manure, and sow broadcast both ways ; 
cover 5vith a bush-harrow or roller. 
Working Catth: — Horses and oxen should have 
