1875.1 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
319 
wolda. Do not bny Duchess Short-boru cows at $5,000 
to $40,000 eacli to cross with a Devon bull. You will 
not get money enougb ffom the milk, or calves, or beef, 
to make tlie operation profitable. 
^iarget or Iiiilaiiiuiation of tlie 
Udder.— "C. E. G.," Pendleton, Ind. When the ud- 
der and teats of a cow, that has recently dropped a calf, 
are swollen, feverish, and lumpy in places, she has what 
2d called tlie ^'ari,'et. Tlie whole ma.-^s of the udder is af- 
fected more or less, and some of the milk channels be- 
come filled with coagulated milk, and sometimes pus. 
The inflammation should be reduced by cold water ap- 
plications, and a dose of one pound of epsom salts, re- 
peated in two d;iys, if necessary. The milk should be 
drawn frequently, and if the teats are too t'-nder to be 
bandied, a milk-tube should be ns.^d. If the swollen and 
hard condition of the udder continues, it may be rubbed 
with iodine ointment twice a day. a good deal of gentle 
friction and pressing of the udder being used. 
Dentil of tiexiiig-ton.— This noted horse, 
the sire of a greater number of valuable horses than any 
other stallion in this country, is dead. He died at Wood- 
burn Farm, Ky., at the age of more than 25 years. He 
was foaled in 1850, made and won his first race at Lexing- 
ton, Ky., in lSo3, and out of the seven starts which he 
made in his racing career, he was beaten but once. Since 
1855 he has been reserved for the stud, first standing at 
the farm of W. F. Harper for two seasons, when he was 
sold by his owner, Mr. Ten Broeck, to R. A. Alexander, 
of Woodburn, for $15,000. He has stood at Woodburn 
since that time. Amongst his most noted progeny arc 
Kentuclcy, Asteroid, Idlewild, Norfolk, Leatherlungs, 
Thunder, Areola, Harry of the West, Daniel Boone. Jack 
Malone, Harry Bassett, Tom Bowling, Preakness, Joe 
Daniels, and Wanderer. No other horse in the world has 
left sucli a valuable off'^pring behind him, and it is some- 
what remarkable that in his later years he sired the best 
of hia sous. For some years he baa been blind, but has 
rarely transmitted this defect to his colts. 
Berkshire S^^'ine Association. — 
The American Berkshire Swine Association has issued a 
circular, in which it is announced that pedigrees for en- 
try in the first volume of the Record should be in the 
hands of the Secretary on the 1st of August, and that the 
volume is expected to l)e issued before the end of the 
year. A prifinium of $100 is also oflTered for the best ap- 
proved essay upon the History. Breeding, and Manage- 
ment of Berkshire Swine; competing essays to be placed 
in the hands of the Secretary by September 1st, 1875. 
The awarding committee are Prof. J. K. Klippart, Colum- 
bus, Ohio, John P. Reynolds, Chicago, 111., and Luther 
Tucker, Albany. N. Y. The address of the Secretary of 
the association is A. M. Garland, Springfield. 111. 
Protritsioii of tlie Rectum in 
Fowls.— " E. R. H." This is caused by using too 
fitimulating food, which relaxes the muscles, so that the 
lower part of the rectum is ejected along with the egg, 
as it passes through it from the oviduct. As hens sub- 
jected to this trouble are generally fat, it is best to pro- 
mote them to the kitchen. We have found it always to 
return, notwithstanding all our treatment, wliich hag 
consisted of injecting solutions of opium, using astrin- 
gent washes, and giving one drop of tincture of aconite 
in a bread pill, each day for a week. 
Talue of a Cord of MncU.— " E. H. 
M." The value of a cord of muck is as undcfinable as 
the value of a horse. It depends upon its quality. 
Some muck is wholly vegetable matter, and some has 
40 to 50 per cent of sand in it. The vegetable matt'-r, 
when fresh, contains 70 to 80 per cent of water, and 
when dry is of course increased in value. A cord of 
freshly dug muck, consisting wholly of vegetable mat- 
ter, well decomposed, and that leaves only 2 to 3 per cent 
of ash when burned, may be worth a dollar a cord. 
When dug a year, it may be worth twice or thrice that 
eum. Generally we should estimate it at one-fourth the 
value of fresh stable manure. 
Onai-nnty of rffss.— "R. J. W." As 
we understand it, a poultry dealer who sells eggs and 
"guarantees" them, engages tliat they shall be the pro- 
duce of pure bred fowls, fresh, in good condition, and 
properly fertilized ; and all this he can by taking proper 
care to assure himself of. More tlian this no one can do, 
and if he does less, he is not an honest dealer. Occasion- 
ally with the best care, there may be eggs that will not 
hatch- and some loss in this respect must be expected. 
A Case of Injiidicions reedins-— 
"N. F. M.," Glen wood, Va. "Ahorse ten years old. ap- 
parently ill robust health, was fed upon corn-meal mixed 
with water, without hay or other fodder, for throe dfiys 
in warm weather, beingworked during the time at heavy 
hauling. The third day. while still at work, the horse 
sickened and died in half an hour. What was the cause of 
death? "—It is impossible to answer this question satis- 
factorily, without knowing the previous condition of the 
horse's health, or making an examination. The feeding 
was decidedly wrong and dangerous, and would undoubt- 
edly have led to trouble sooner or later. It is probable 
that death was caused by the injudicious feeding; such 
improper feeding being suflicicut to produce disease and 
death uudcr the circumstances. 
Slftcep for ICansas.— "G. E. W.," Marion 
Co., Kansa*. The most profitable kind of sheep for your 
locality, would undoubtedly be the common native ewes, 
which can be purchased for $2.50 a head, and to cross 
them with pure Merino rams. These would give in three 
years a three-quarter bred wool, which is in demand at 
every woolen factory in the country. Long wool sheep 
and their grades are not suitable where small flocks are 
kept, and where mutton is not the main object. This 
class of wool cau not be used in ordinary mills, but only 
for fabrics of combed and not carded wool, and it is often 
difficult to sell the wool for a fair price, unless iu quanti- 
ties large enough to ship to eastern markets. 
CnOTernnient r.and.— " W. E. S.," New 
York. For information about United States land in any 
part of the country, write to the Commiesioner of Public 
Lands, Washington, D. C. 
'%Viia Garlic— "C. J./' Rockbridge Co., 
Va. There is no surer method of destroying wild onion 
or garlic than summer-fallowing. This plant is very 
tenacious of life, and as the ground is repeatedly plowed 
or harrowed, the roots, which are lirought to the surface, 
should be gathered and burned. One of the most fre- 
quent causes of the spread of this weed is the sowing of 
wheat which is mixed with it; another is using screen- 
ings from grist-mills or fanning-mills for poultry feed. 
If clean seed only be sown, and all the screenings be 
ground before they arc used, there would be much less 
garlic grown. It is useless to kill it by summer-fallows, 
if the ground is re-sown with foul seed, or through the 
use of foul manure. 
A Breacliy Colt.— " J. E. N.," Pike Co., 
Pa. To prevent a breachy colt from jumping over fences, 
it sliould be made to wear a "yoke." This consists 
of a bent hickory stick, something like an oxbow, which 
is put around the neck; to the bottom of this is affixed 
a short piece of scantling, in which a stout pin one foot 
long is inserted. The pin projects forwards, and when 
the colt attempts to jump, the pin catches in t> e rails of 
the fence, and holds him down. 
Xo Destroy Miislt-Kats.— "L. L.," 
Boston. Musk-rats are very fond of apples. If apples 
arc cut in slices and scored with a pen-knife, and arsenic 
rubbed into the score marks, the rats will eat the bait, 
and may be destroyed in large numbers. The baits must 
not be placed loo thickly, or the rats will carry them off 
and store them up In their holes, instead of eating them 
at once, but should be laid out at night and left during the 
day, if they are not disturbed, until they are all killed off. 
jmocic for tUe Dairy.— ''E. B. M," 
Warren Co., Ohio. For a small butter dairy, the Alder- 
ney. Jersey, or Guernsey cows are most suitable. These 
are all regarded as different breeds, but yet they are very 
much alike in their valuable butter-producing qualities. 
F»r a milk dairy where the cows are to be sold for beef 
after they are no longer profitable to milk, there are no 
cows that surpass good grade or pure Short-horns from 
milking families. It is not well, as a general thing, to 
divide one's business into butter making and beef pro- 
ducing. But if it is to be done, we would choose the 
Shorn horn first for the two purposes combined, and the 
Devon nest. 
Oapes in ClilcUens.— "Mrs. C. W. M.," 
Greene Co., N. Y., writes that she has found gapes may 
be prevented from troubling chickens, by keeping the 
chickens in a warm, dry, clean place, and feeding them 
with corn-mcal wetted and mixed rather plentifully with 
ground red or black pepper. 
C^ompo sting: lieu Manure,— "Enquir- 
er," Washington Co., Ohio. Tlie droppings of poultry 
cannot be improved by mixture with any olher materials, 
but can bo t'ssi-ntially injured. When kept dry, and re- 
duced to fine powder, it may be used exactly as guann is 
used, and is worth nearly as mncb. It cannot be drilled 
very easily unless it be sifted, because it can not be 
conipk'tely brought to a fine powder, and the drill be- 
comes choked. If wood aslies or lime are to be applied, 
they had better be sown broadcast after the wheat is 
gown, but neither of them should be mixed with poultry 
droppings. One barrel of the droppings per acre, would 
give the wheat a good start, but they cau not be depend- 
ed on alone to make a good crop. 
rodder Crops. — The late and dry season 
has left many fanners short of pasture, and witli a 
poor prospect for fodder for next winter. To make up 
the deficiency, late crops may be sown up to the lOtb of 
July, or a few days later. Millet and Hungarian grass, if 
sowu in July, will bring a good crop of hay, but it must 
be cut while in blossom, or it will be poor feed. Ruta 
bagas maybe sown up to the 12th inst, and white tur- 
nips up to the 5th of August. Corn-fodder should be 
sown in rows 30 inches apart, very thickly, and fertilized 
with some fine manure. Turnips may be sown on an oat 
stubble. Grow some fodder crops by all means. 
ooooooooooooooooooooonoooooooooooooo oooooooooooo 
OO 00 
oo At *** 
ii Adorn ii 
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i Your Homes I 
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OO ^^ ^ oo 
i Nominal Cost! 
oo oo 
Z We have some gs 
•^° Splendid Pictures °s 
Printed in 1 8 Oil Colors, 
Beautiful and Charming. 
(The first three [as named below], mounted on 
heavy Card-Board, ready for framing, or for U3e 
without a frame ; the fourth mounted on Muslin, 
belDf; too larfjc for mailing if on Card-Board.) 
I— "Up for Repairs." 
The sister mending her brother's torn clothes, 
will be a fine ornament iu any house. 
II-" Look Out." 
A maiden at a cascade in the act of dashing wa- 
ter upon you, — a new and greatly improved edition 
of this new painting. 
Ill—" Mischief Brewing." 
A country boy with a " Jack o' lantern," which 
he has made out of a pumpkin, and he is telling 
his little sister of the sport they will have with it 
by and by, after nightfall. 
IV-" The Strawberry Girl," 
One of the most popular pictures brought out in 
this country or Europe, (size 14 by 20 inches,) of 
which every home should have a copy. 
As long as our supply holds out, we offer a choice 
of any one of the above four pictures, to every 
person subscribing for the American Agriculturist, 
who merely sends pay for cost of mounting, pack- 
ing, and forwarding free by mail, viz : 
For No. I only 35 cents extra. i For mounting, 
For No. II... .only 25 cents extra. I packing, 
For No. Ill only 25 cents extra. | and free 
For No. IV only 50 cents extra. J delivery. 
That is, nothing for the pictures, and only 25 or 50 
cents extra for cost of mounting, packing, and pay- 
ing postage or express. Any one of tliese pictures 
is richly worth the cost of many subscriptions. 
They are beautifully printed in Oil Clolors, and have 
the appearance, and indeed the value, of Oil Paint- 
ings on canvas. 
B^"Naine your choice when sending In your 
subscription. 
i^" These Pictures are offered to all subscribers 
now coming in. See " Trial Trip," page 389. 
