1875.] 
AMERICAN AQRICULTUKIST. 
373 
by the partial covenne;3 in front and rear 
I''ii-»it story, (flfr. 3. ) — This story is divided in- 
to 3 large and 3 small rooms, and hall. By this 
plan the Kitchen is intended as the Living-rooiii of 
[ 
Fig. 2.— PLAN Off CELLAR. 
the family, and is so arranged as to be the most 
conveyiknt and pleasant room in the house — has large 
■windows front and rear, whieh will admit an abun- 
dance of light, and afford an outlook each way. A 
large Range is placed in the fire-place, with a water- 
back connecting with the boiler in the laundry. 
The clock and lamp-shelf is placed on the oppo- 
eite side of the room from the fire-place ; should 
never be over it. Adjoining the kitchen, and con- 
nected with it, is a Pantry, containing shelving, 
drawers, and a wash-tray, with cold and hot water. 
The Laundry, or reork room, is arranged to connect 
directly with the kitchen and pantry, and leads to 
the rear outside door. This room is fitted up so 
that the principal kitchen work may be done in it, 
with great facility, and with few steps, and con- 
tains a closet, sink, pump, wash-tubs, tank, and 
boiler. The hi^'ht of the ceiling in this room is 10 
feet in the clear. The Tank, (not shown in tlie 
drawings,) is situated close up to the ceiling, above 
the pantry door, is 8 feet long, 3 feet wide, and 2 
feet deep. The Boiler is of copper, 40-gallon ca- 
pacity, and is placed directly in the rear of the 
kitchen chimney. The Sink, and wash-tubs, are 
shown on the plan, and are to be provided with 
cold and hot water. The force-pump is placed 
next to the sink, under the tank — by this method 
but little plumbing is required, and a very perfect 
and satisfactory arrangement is secured. The boil- 
er keeps the temperature of this room sufficiently 
pal Hall included in the central building, is en- 
tered through large double doors from the front 
piazza, and connects through doors with the par- 
lor, kitchen, and back p.assagc, ami contains the 
principal stairs, whieh 
are of easy "platform" 
construction. The Par- 
lor has a large hay-win- 
dow, marble mantel, 
and adjoins the library 
through large sliding 
doors. The Library has 
a maible mantel, and 
closet, and connects with 
the bock passage at the 
rear of the principal 
stairs. The front piazza 
has its ends sheltered by 
the projections at each 
end, and is arranged to 
require but two columns. 
If desirable at any time, 
a part of this piazza can 
be enclosed with sash at 
very little expense, whieh 
would provide a very 
convenient conservatory 
for plants and flowers. 
r 
Fig. 3. — PLAN OF FIRST STORY. 
warm to prevent damage to the pipes from frost. 
The Bed-room also adjoins the kitchen, and has a 
closet for clothing, and two window.s. The princi- 
The rear "shed" is provided with a roof, and 
columns, but has no wooden floor. It is intended 
that the grounds around the rear of the central 
building shall be graded well up, say within a foot 
of the rear door sills, so as to require but a single 
step, or large flat stone, to each door. The outside 
cellar doors would be made to lay even with the 
final grade, and hung to the coping stones of the 
area walls, and the remaining space paved or flagged 
with stone. When once jiroperly done, the finish 
of this character will lasto lifetime without trouble, 
while woodwork could never be satisfactory, and 
would often require renewal. Whenever the 
cellar doors are opened, they are hook- 
ed up against the columns, where they 
form a railing, or guard, to prevent the 
usual danger of an open hatchway 
The Second Story, (fig. 4,) has a 
hall, 4 large, and 3 small chambers, with 
4 closets, and stairway leading to the 
attic. Each of the large chambers has 
two windows, and a ventilating register 
in the flue of the chimney adjoining. 
All these rooms have full hight ceil- 
ings, and are not so close to the roof 
as to be affected by their absorbed heat 
of summer, but have complete square 
ceilings, with large air spaces be- 
tween them and the roofs. The Attic of the princi- 
p;il building is completely floored, and has windows 
in each gable or pedi- 
ment, and may he used 
for storage, drying 
clothes in stormy 
weather, and for many 
other purposes 
ConstriictioM. — 
The estimate appended 
indieates the kind and 
quantity of materials 
used, which will be 
found to he such as are 
now most generally 
adopted for buildings 
of this character. The 
work is veiy simple, and 
may be executed by the 
simplest methods. In- 
foimation concerning 
the application and uses 
of the "felting" may 
be found on page 89 
(March Anu^ean Agri- 
cultini.it), and other in- 
formation concerning 
builduigs of a similar 
character, in the sue- 
eeedingnumbers. In the May No., page 173, we sug- 
gested that " tlierc are circumstances that would 
justify the building of one part of a house first." 
Should it be desirable, the central portion of this 
house could be built first, and would be found quite 
Euflicicnt as the dwelling of a small family 
Estimate. — The following estimate has been 
carefully compiled, and may be relied on for quan- 
tities, etc. Prices are somewhat lower now, but the 
figures here given form a good basis of calculation : 
O.'i yaiils l':xc:iv:ition, (Tt %ti. iicr \ nvi! Jtfi.'^r, 
."-S; a-et Fauii(l;itlon, t'. l.''C. yrv foot ]3-,'.S0 
'i'i^ " " & luc. !>■ ridot V2.a0 
IJ.dUO lirifk in Cliimnfys, % ji:, ^ lOtM) 9().lio 
■lu feet Stone Stups aiitl Coning, (3 30c. per foot I'i.OO 
imil yards Lath and Phisleriiig. (a 35c. per yaril 315.00 
4,7'.iy feet Tlnibi-r, @ '.iiie. per loot.. lOtOT 
viz. Mils, Jxs in. i;is(i. long. ■)"> Beams. SxS in. xifi ft. Tc. 
1 tiirt. 4xS in. x.'Ofl.liing. 2'J " Sxs in. x-,'3 It. fa. 
7 Posts. 4x7 iu.xJ21t. long. 15 " 3x7 in. x It fr. I'lr. 
2 I'ubls, 4x7 ill. xls II. long. 4 Valleys, OxS in.xao ft. I'g. 
Ties and Plates. 4xt; in.. 3>4 ft. long. 
500 Wall Strips. 2x4 Indies Xl3 feet long, Q 16c. cacli.... Sll.OO 
:>10 Xovellv Siding Boards. 11^ in. wide, © :Sic. each.. 129.20 
ir.Otts. Tarred Felluis. (in 5c. # lb 7.5'! 
SOO .Matelipd I- luoriiig l.Diirrts, 9u, in. wide, ® a'lt. cacU.lOa.W 
20 1!on2h Spruce Plank.® 2.ic. cacli 5.00 
2711 Shingling Lath. ® 6c. each IC.20 
48 hunches sliingles.® J2 each 06.00 
75 Hemlock P-oairls, lO-incli, % 20c. each 1.5.0O 
7 Squares of Tin. ® }9 per square 63.00 
Materials in Coi-nices and Outside Casings CG.OO 
33 Narrow Pine Flooring for front Piazza, (§. 25c. each. 8.25 
67 Narrow Pine Ceiling, ® 25c. each 16.75 
1 Hay Window complete 75.(j0 
2ri plain W indows complete, ® $12 each 312.00 
4 Cellar "Windows, complete, @ $'j each . 24.00 
SO Doors, complete, ® $10 each SOO.OO 
Stairs, comp'e, $70.00; 8 Closets (fltted coiiip'e) $40,00. .111.00 
2 Marble and 2 Pine Mantels 50.00 
Nails. $20.00; Range with Elevated 1 'ven, $80.0IJ- ....lOn.OO 
Plumbing, $84.00; Cartage, average one mile, $27.08 lll.OS 
Carpenter's Labor, not included above — 250.i 
Painting 120.00 
Total cost, complete |2,s0O.IO 
Science Applied to Farming.— X. 
Bt Pbof. W. O. Atwater, Wesletan University, 
Middktoicn^ Conn. 
"Waste ancl Saving ivitH Potatoes anfl Root^— 
More Keocling Kxperiiiieiils. 
A Correspondent, referring to the experiments 
CHAWBER. 
CHAMBER 
IIXIS 
11 
CHMfBER 
CHAMBER, 
« / 11. 
Fig. 4. — PLAN OP SECOND STORY. 
described last month, asks, "Are we to conclude 
that potatoes are unprofitable as food for slock ? " 
By no means, if they are rightly fed. It is a mat- 
ter of common experience that stock are healthier, 
and cows give more milk with potatoes or roots 
and hay, than with dry hay alone. But, at the 
same time, there is apt to be a real loss of hay, 
unless some nitrogenous food, like oU-cake, malt- 
sprouts, beans, peas, or bran, are mixed with the 
potatoes or roots. There is loss of hay because less of 
it !s dujesled end vtUized as food. The rest, that 
would be digested in right feeding, is passed off as 
excrement, and is useful only for manure. 
The case is simply this: If the mixed food contains 
too little nitrogen (albuminoids), and too much 
starch, sugar, or other carbo-hydrates, the animals 
cannot digestif completely. Only the best qualities 
of hay furnish as much nitrogen as is needed by 
working cattle or milch cows. Potatoes contain very 
little nitrogen, and a great deal of starch. So sugar- 
beets are poor in albuminoids, and rich in sugar, 
and sugar, like starch, is entirely a carbo-hydrate. 
Mix considerable of these with hay, straw, corn- 
stalks, or even clover, and the ration will still lack 
nitrogen, and there will be loss of valuable food 
material. But if nitrogenous food be added, at the 
