1875.] 
AMERICAN AG-RICULTTTRIST. 
479 
lent animals have been scattered abroad where their good 
influence will be widely felt. Tlie uamus of lUc seHers, 
and the particulars of each sale, are as follow? : 
Sales. Ko. Sold. Ar/Vt Jitdlized. Av. Pike. 
VanmcttT and F;ura 65 $ 6.120 $ lOe 00 
Dr. J. J. Adair 33 4,:iS5 13-! 88 
We&Iey Warnnck SO 30.180 377 25 
B. B. Groom & Son 73 1-23.450 1.691 00 
11. P. Thompson 96 53.080 553 91 
North Elkhom Imp. Co. .80 49,800 ti33 50 
J.C.Jenkins 15 19,010 L267 33 
Jas. H. Davis 26 H,950 267 31 
Patterson & Corbiu 58 19,700 339 65 
Jno. A. Gano, sr ....37 7.137 192 89 
B. P. Goff 70 19,410 377 28 
Vanmetor tfe Snddulh ... .93 24,3S0 262 15 
Jno. W. Prewitt 68 22,600 3:50 8S 
Redmon Bros 31 6.S40 220 6-i 
U. F. Jiidv 40 6,835 170 88 
Joseph Scott & Co 116 22,8J>5 197 11 
F. J. Barl)ve 20 6.770 338 50 
Ayres. McClintock & Co 99 29,265 205 61 
E.C.Bryan 37 1,910 51 00 
Total 19 herds.. ..1,132 $460,587 
Slteep-Keepin^- ou ttic Plains.— 
*'L. A. F.," St. Louis, JIo. It wonld hardly pay to start 
sheep-keeping on the plains with less than one or two 
thousand sheep, or without having an experienced shep- 
herd. To start with less would require the business of 
two or three veal's to be done at a loss. The amount 
needed to start may be gathered from what was actually 
done by Mr, M. E. Post, whose ranche is 12 miles from 
Cheyenne in western Nebraska. An extract taken from 
his books shows the following account of cost and in- 
come from December 1st, 1873. to August 1st, 1S74, viz : 
1873. Dr. 
Dec. 1, Cost of 1.650 Mexican wethers at S2 $3,300 00 
*' " Co.«t of \,T>'m Mexican ewes at $2.50 3,875 00 
*' " Cost of 22 Merino rams 465 00 
1S74. 
Feb. 27, Cost of 203 wethers 366 75 
Horses, wagon, tools, etc 600 00 
Cost of improvements 1.000 00 
40 tons of hay at $S 320 00 
85 sheep lost 212 50 
Aug. 1, Labor, including shearing, marketing 
herding, etc 1,441 81 
Total $11.58106 
Retctins. Cr. 
1.800 wethers sold at $2.50 $4,500 00 
Wool sold 3,300 00 
Spelts 106 25 
$7,906 15 
STOCK ACCOrNT. 
1,515 ewes on hand at $2.50 3,757 50 
1.200 lambs, at $3 3. (WO 00 
22 rams 165 00 
Horses, etc., and improvements 1. GOO 00 
$17,328 75 
B;tlancc, profit. $5,747 60. 
Xuriiip Oi-il!.— "A. K. F.," Riclimond, 
Va. We do not know of any turnip drill for field work, 
made in this country, that sows two rows at once, and 
rolls the drills at the same time. A very excellent iron 
drill of this kind is made by a Scotch manufacturer, and 
a few have been imported by some farmers of our ac- 
quaintance who raise roots largely. The cost is about 
$80. We have used the Emory drill whicb sows one row 
at a time, and also rolls the ground. This may be oper- 
ated by one man who can sow 8 acres in 10 hours, if the 
soil is in proper mellow condition. 
Itrittle Hoofs.— A "Subscriber.*^ Sevier 
Co., Ark. Horses or mules' hoofs are often rendered 
brittle by causing them to stand upon heated manure or 
filth iu the stables, and sometimes by chronic '-foun- 
der" or fever in the feet. If the first cause is suspect- 
ed, it should be stopped at once, if the latter is the 
cause, it should be remedied by giving the horse some 
cooling medicine, placing the hoofs iu a bath of water 
so hot that it can not be borne by the hand, and then 
smearing them with glycerine. The remedy may need 
to be repeated for some time, until all heat or fever is 
removed, when the glycerine dressing should be con- 
tinued until the new growth of horn replaces the old one. 
Pe€li8:i"cc>* oi'Jrrsey Stoclc.— " H. D. 
W.," Bcatystown. N. J. The pedigrees of any animals 
that have been entered in the American Jersey Herd- 
Book, can be obtained by writing to Co). Geo. E. Waring. 
jr., Secretary, Newport, E. I. 
Cut Hides. — The Pennsylvania Farmer's 
Association recently held a meeting in Philadelphia for 
the purpose of procuring some combined action rc-lative 
to cut hides. The western tanners have already com- 
bined to rate hides that have been cut in flaying, as sec- 
ond rate, and to accept as first-- only thosu hides that arc 
clear and clean-flayed. It is necessary for those who 
skin or purchase hide?, to remember that the value of 
hides which have been cut will hereafter be considerably 
reduced. This action has been rendered necessary by 
the greatly increased foreign trade in American leather, 
which is now competing favorably iu many foreign mar- 
kets with their own product. 
Bone-dust for Clover.— "Q. T. L./' Ce- 
cil Co.. Md. Bone-dust is not a sufficiently active ferti- 
lizer for clover. It is better for grass lands that are re- 
served for pasture than for crops that grow and mature 
quickly. Wood ashes, gypsum, and guano, either sepa- 
rately or applied together, early in the spring, would be 
more efi"ective on clover than bone-dust. 
Xauuers' Retase. — " S. D. C.,'' Moores- 
town, N. J., and others. The refuse from moroccu and 
glue factories, consists chiefly of lime, hair, and scrap- 
ings of the skins. The lime is not caustic, but is never- 
theless worth something, and the hair and animal matter 
has considerable fertilizing value. We have gladly paid 
two dollars a ton for this kind of waste, which we found 
to be an excellent top dressing for grass, and a good 
thing to compost with swamp muck. This compost 
would be of great use on light soil. At some tanneries 
the fuel consists of spent oak and hemlock bark, which 
leaves an ash that is worth nearly as much as hard-wood 
ashes. 
XiBue to I>is' Draius. — "Inquisitive.'* 
It would be quiie safe to dig drains in the early winter 
time. The frost may be kept from hindering the work 
by spreading straw or some litter along the line of the 
drain, or by plowing the ground as deeply as possible on 
the line, and leaving it loose and cloddy. When the 
work is left at night, the ground should be left loose, and 
if it should freeze, it may be readily broken up. The 
fr<)5t will not penetrate deeply beneath loose soil. If 
there is an)' risk of malaria from stirring the ground, wc 
would leave the work until later. 
Kneiusi SyrSng^e. — "A. H. K.,'' Richmond, 
Va. As good a syringe for giving injections to cattle as 
a costly metal one is a bladder and pipe of elder-wood. 
as described in the American Agricitlturvst of Nov., 1875. 
Cost or a Poultry-House,— "J. J.," 
Philadelphia. For a house such as is illustrated in the 
October American Agriculturist, 30 feet long, and 24 feet 
wide, which is large enougli for 300 fowls, there would 
be required the following, viz. : 1 sills 6x8 30 ft. long ; 2 
sills 6x8 2i ft. ; 30 pieces studding 8 ft. 2x4; 20 pieces 
studding 14 ft. 2x4; 4 plates 30 ft. 2x6; 2 plates 24 ft. 
2x6; 6 joists 10 ft. 2x6; 60 side boards 8 ft. long 12 inches 
wide: (iO side boards 1-4 ft. long 12 inches wide; 60 bat- 
tens 1x2 ; 20 rafters 8 ft. 2x5 ; 40 rafters 6 ft. 2x5: 840 ft. 
roof boards; 300 ft. flooring for loft; in all about :i,800 
ft. of lumber, board measure. Sis batten doors, and as 
many windows as may be desired, at least six. will be 
needed, also 8i squares of roofing felt. Crude p.troleum 
would be the best material for paint, and next to that 
would be common lime-wash, colored slightly with any 
of the mineral browns, or ochcrs. to reduce the glaring 
white of the lime. The above specification does not in- 
clude the fence, nor the nails, hinges, or glass, which are 
easily figured np. 
I-^ood foT Piss sliipped l>y Express. 
— '• H. H. F.,"' Somerset Co., Pa. The best food for young 
pigs shipped by express on a long journey, is a mixture 
of equal parts of corn-meal, ground oats, and rye-bran. 
The food sliould be placed dry in a bag. fastened to the 
box, so that the expressman may mix a portion with wa- 
ter, and feed it to the pigs at stated times. Full direc- 
tions to the express agent for doing this should be print- 
ed upon a card, which is to be nailed conspicuously on 
the box. A fixed trough should be provided in the box. 
H<i>llo^T-lDorn aud i^Iurrniu. — "TV. 
M.." Utah. These names are used to designate the symp- 
toms of a variety of diseases. They represent no partic- 
ular diserisp. and are as indefinite as the tjerm "sick- 
ness.''" The born of an ox is filled with a highly sensi- 
tive and vascular core, which is a prolongation of the 
frontal bone, and serves as a support to the horn. The 
horn is composed of the same materials as the skin and 
hair, and is not sensitive. It may be removed, leaving 
the core iu lis place, and is then hollow, as we are used 
to see it when separated from the head. These horn- 
cores are well supplied with arteries, veins, and nerves, 
and whenever from any cause the tissues of the head are 
inflamed or congested, the increased temperature of the 
parts is then felt in the horns more readily than else- 
where. When the contrary occurs, and from poverty, or 
excitement elsewhere, the supply of blood to the head is 
diminished, the loss of huit i- felt first in the liorns. and 
they are cold. This is generally the case when an ani- 
mal is said to be affected by "'horn-ail.'' or '■hollow- 
horn." Then the quack recommends the horns to be 
bored with a gimlet, and pepper or turpentine to be in- 
jected, or turpentine to be burned upon the poll. This 
causes irritation and inflammation of the parts, restoring 
the heat, but it only makes the case and the suiFering 
worse. The remedy ought to be sought in restoring the 
condition of the animal, by such medicine or food as the 
needs of the case call for. The diseases generally known 
as murrain arc splenic fever and carbuncular erysipelas, 
(the latter also known as black quarter), which have been 
often described in the American AgHcuUurUt. 
Plaster on CSrass-1-aiid.— "G. F. D.," 
Old Town, Me. Tlic proper time to apply plaster upon 
grass land is when the growth has already begun in the 
spring. It is most easily spread with Seymour's broad- 
cast sower, which will spread a bushel evenly over an 
acre of ground in less than an hour. 
Support for a Corn Crib.— ' F. H.," 
Westchester Co., N. Y. A rat-pronf iron support or 
foundation for a corn crib was described and illustrated 
in the American AgrtcnUtalH for June, 1873, p. 217. Any 
of the back numbers of the American Agiict/lturl<t can 
be sent for 15 cents. 
Quantitii's orForiiEizers used per 
Acre— -'C. A. M.," Denville. N. J. The quantities 
generally used jjcr acre of the following named fertiliz- 
ers are: Peruvian guano, 250 lbs. ; bone-meal, or bone 
flour, 300 to 400 lbs. ; superphosphate of lime. 200 B>s.; 
nitrate of soda, 150 B>s. ; gypsum, 100 !bs. ; dried blood, 
250 Rs.; wood-ashes. 25 bushels of unleachcd. and 50 to 
100 of leached, and lime 25 to 50 bushels. The most solu- 
ble of these arc applied in the spring. Upon market gar- 
dens these quantities— except the ashes and lime— are 
often doubled. 
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