i8ce.] 
AMERTvlAN AGRICULTURIST. 
S43 
itetni ill the " B^iskrt" on tUo Sheep bet, or irrub in 
the lie;icl, aud ou learbks, or grubs in cuttlu's b;icl\8. 
Oicliard :ni<l Nursery. 
Wc ebnll prob:ibly liave a fair crop of all kinils 
of fruit, except peaches, unil in some localities the 
grapes will be short from tlie Uillini; of the new 
shoots by I'rost. If we expect suceessfuliy to raise 
Piocliex, some mode of culture must be adopted, 
whicli will protect the buds (rom tile severe cold of 
winter. In Aiiril last »e ^ave an account of a 
pl.m folloH-eil in Ohio. Othcis cut the youn^ tree 
back at planting, and thus cause all the limbs to 
start near the ^'rouiid, and these as they grow are 
trained by staked into a nearly liurizonlal position, 
60 that they may be readily covered with eartli or 
litter during tlie winter. Wlioever bits upon and 
adoiitsa practicable mctlioil I'or prescrviim- the buds 
from the cll'ects of cold, will liiid it prolltable, as 
the demand increases faster than the supidy. 
.Gii-ff.v and Innects are the theme of a laru'C portion 
of the Utters we now receive in this department. 
In cultivation we have broken up the natural order 
of thiut;'s, an'd must not be surprised if now insects 
and now birds are a source of annoyance. The best 
way we have seen to keep otT birds is practised by 
Mr. Knox's workmen, who make small wind-mills, 
so arranged as to make a clatter, and put them up 
bcre and there iu the viney.ird. We have said 
enough last month about tlie Tent Caterpillar, and 
have only to add th.it one correspondent linds a 
mullienstalk, fastened to a pole, a very efficient 
brush with wliieh to dislodge the pests. 
Jhrei-x were snfflciei'.tly discussed iu May on page 
187. It the trees were not protected, they should 
be looked to before the eggs batch, and the grub 
finds its way into the trunk. Read the May article. 
rrunvirj may now be done on old or neglected 
orchards ; take out supcrtluous limbs, .and head 
back those disposed to too vigorous growth. 
BiuhUnij is sufficiently described on page 258, to 
enable any one to practice it. If this year's buds 
do not take, the same stocks may be grafted next 
spring. We cannot too often insist upon the 
necessity of care iu selecting buds or cions for 
propagating. It is a notion among many that 
merely budding or grafting a tree helps its fruitt'ul- 
uess. The object of these operations is to get a 
kind of fruit that we know to be good, i-atber than 
take the rare chance of a seedling stock's produc- 
ing choice fruit. Therefore get buds from only 
desirable varieties. 
Tliinning should not be omitted. Sufficient is 
said iu an article on page 358. 
Layers may be made of vines and shrubs as soon 
as the present season's growth gets firm. Grape 
vines layered now will have good roots by autumn. 
Prepare the soil well, and if it is light, use a good 
mulch over the layer to keep it from drying. 
^yeeds should be kept from occupying the ground, 
whether in orchard, nursery row, or seed bed. 
Seedling stocks, when young, are apt to suffer from 
weeds ; they need as careful weeding and thin- 
ning as any other plauts. It is not too late to 
Midch trees, and it should be done with those 
planted this spring, as it will save many that would 
not survive without troublesome watering. Besides 
the usual mulches, we have seen shavings from a 
planing mill used. Anything that will prevent 
evaporation, from stones to bog-liay, will answer. 
Grafts set this spring si ill need the care suggested 
last mouth. It often happens that the stock will 
throw out vigorous shoots, which will rob the graft 
of nourishment and cause it to become feeble or 
die. Rub off all such as soon as they appear, and 
control the growth of the grafts by pinching. 
Seedlings, especially those of evergreens, will 
need sh.ading .as directed on page 147 (April.) 
Seeds, — The collection of these needs care. As 
soon as the oniamental shrubs ripen their seeds, 
collect and sow, or keep in earth. Collect cherry 
pits and seeds of other fruits. 
Slugs upon pear and cherry trees are to be dusted 
■Willi Ume f.'Om a bas of open tcsture tied to a polo. 
Kllclien Oai'doii. 
June opens with cold rains, and if tliese are long 
continued, many seeds will rot iu the ground. Lo-u 
no time in replanting. See article iu ' Basket,' " Not 
too Lite" |'(ir some of the things which maybe suc- 
cessfully sown this mouth. In all profitable gar- 
deiiuig the land is kept constantly at work, pro- 
ducing two and sometimes lliree crops in the year. 
Traiitptaiitiiig still needs to be done with late 
cabliages, etc. It will be successful in the hottest 
weather, if the holes are watered before putting 
in the plants, .and the plmts arc jn'operly prepared 
by gronting, i. e., enveloping their roots in mud. 
Vaeant Places. — Many allow the l.ind from which 
an early cro[» has been taken to lay idle and run to 
weeds. This should never occur. Fill up with 
I'Uta-bagas, fall spinach, and other l.ite crops. 
Asparagits. — Now that cutting has ceased, en- 
courage as inueli giowlh as jiosiyible to repair the 
loss. A dressin;;- of manure will not come amiss, 
and weeds should he kc|it from tlie lied until the 
tops shade it. If the larva; of the beetle appenr 
— small, black, Icecli-like bodies — cut all infested 
branciies and burn them. 
Beans. — Li mas are usually allowed to run too 
high. Most vines will go to the end of tlieir sup- 
port before they bc^iii to bear, and the Lima beau 
may be made to fruit earlier by only alhiwiug it to 
run .as lii^Ii as one can reacii. Silted string beans 
are very good in winter, and a planting made now 
will give a supply. 
Beets may be planted for a late, crop, which will 
be realized unless very dry weather comes on. 
Iloe often, and as soon .as large enough, thin to 6 
or 8 inclies in the row. 
Cabbages and Cauliflower.':. — The later plants are 
to be put out as soon as large enough Plenty of 
manure, with some lime, wliieh is said to prevent 
club-foot, should be put upon the laud. Cater- 
pillars are to be looked out for and hand picked, 
and slugs trapped as recommended on page 257. 
Celery. — Those who ;;-ro«' in trenches should see 
that the bottom of the trench is well enriched. 
For a complete account of flat culture see au ar- 
ticle in Agriculturist for July, 1805. 
Carrots. — Keep well hoed until the tops prevent 
working, and sow seed if young carrots are wanted. 
Corn may still be planted to give a supply for late 
use and for drying. 
Cucumbers for pickles maybe sown in well enrich- 
ed liills. Select the best of the early crop for seed. 
Egg Plants. — Give good cultivation, liquid ma- 
nure and mulch. 
Endive — Sosv for a Late crop of salad. 
Herbs. — These are In perfection just at flowering 
time, .and then is the time to cut. Dry in the 
shade and preserve from flies and dust. 
Lettuce, if sown this mouth, is .apt to soon run to 
seed, unless it is iu a partial shade. The Silesian Is 
best at this season. 
Melons often set more fruit than can be ripened. 
Remove what seems to be superfluous. Hoe the 
plauts until the growth of viues prevents it. 
Onions need continued care in weeding. From 
the press of haying and other work they are often 
ncu'lected this month, much to the injury of the 
crop. If the sowing was properly done, but little 
thinning will be needed, but, if crowded, thin. 
Peas. — Some of the early varieties may be sown. 
They are very apt to mildew; deep planting tends 
to prevent this. Gather pods from vines reserved 
fur seed, taking those only that ripen early. 
Potatoes. — As the early sorts are dug for use, bury 
the tops, which soon decay and enrich the soil. 
Late cabbages, turnios, or spinach, may occupy the 
ground when the potatoes are oS". 
Rhubarb. — Flowering and seed bearing tend to 
exhaust the plant, hence the direction to cut off 
the flower stalks as soon as they shoot up. Now 
th.at fruit is abundant the pulhng should diminish 
or cease altogether, and the plants allowed to re- 
cuperate by rest. Give a dressing of manure. 
Seedi.—iiii better to bay sceda Uiau to save poor 
ones. Many take the first .and best products of tbo 
garden for the table, and use what is left for seed. 
Ju»t llie reverse of this should be the ease. The 
earlic-t, best shaped, and finest of everything 
should be chosen. By pursuing this course tbo 
kinds will not only not ruu out, but improve. 
Sweet Potatoes. — Keep the ground of the ridges or 
hills clean and mellow until the viues cover it. 
Squashes. — line until the vines get solargeasto 
interlere, then do not di-turb them, but allow them 
to take root. Look under the leaves early In the 
nioriiiug for the black bug, ar.d dcitroy it, and 
crush any eirgs that may bo found. The spotted 
Guleruca, an insect shaped like a lady-bug, but 
yellow, Willi black spots, is very destructive to the 
leaves. They inu-t be cau'.;bt very early in the 
niorninL', as they fly when it is warm. The borer is 
a great pest In many localities ; usually its presence 
is not known until the whole vine wills, The grub 
enters iicir the rout, and if a hole is found, care- 
fully split the vine with akuife, and take him out. 
Cover the wouud with earth If practicable, other- 
wise bind it uji. 
Tomatoes. — The large green " worm" devours the 
leaves and green fruit. If .any droppings are seen, 
hunt for the worm at one, as in every day of un- 
disturbed foraging it makes wimderlul havoc with 
the plants. If the phmts are not trained in any of 
the several ways wc have desci ibed, they will fall 
overwi;h the weight of fruit; in this ca<e place 
brush or sumo rude support for the branches to 
recline upon, and thus keep tbo fruit clean. 
Tlrah are to bo fought all the season. A sharp 
steel rake, frequently used, will keep tbcm down, 
and leave the surface open. If a deeper workinsia 
desired, use the hoe fork fl-ured last July. This 
leaves the soil in splendid condition, and in a dry 
timoit will bouetit the plants more than waterius. 
Fi'fiU Oarden. 
In most places the strawberry harvest is over. 
Remove the mulch, and fork in a dressing of ma- 
nure. If ]tlants arc needed, allow sufficient run- 
ners to grow and take root; otherwise stop them. 
Rispberrics follow the strawberry, and will now 
need a daily picking. Some cultivators remove the 
old canes as soon as the fruit is ofl', while others 
prefer to let tliem remain until the fall pruning. 
Suckers are to be kept down unless they are need- 
ed for new plants, as three or four canes are all tliat 
are needed to a stool. 
Blackberries. — The crop of fruit is often so heavy 
as to make It necessary to tie up the branches. A 
heavy muleh .around the vines is beneficial, as it is 
diflloult to use the hoe among them. 
Currants, if trained in the tree form, arc .apt to 
lose their branches from the weight of fruit, and 
will need support. Treat the worm with licllebore, 
and cut away the borer as directed last month. 
Dwarf Trees should have the fruit thinned when 
there is any disposition to overbear. See article 
on page 259. Dust the slugs with lime, as noticed 
under Orchard. Trees put out this spring, will be 
helped by a thorough mulch. The red spider fre- 
quently injures the pear; he is alittle fcllow.andhis 
work is often seen before the insect itself is noticed. 
Frequent syiingings of soap suds will keep it iu 
cheek. The 6ha|ie of the tree ni.ay be conti-olled, 
and its fruitfuluess increased by judicious pinching. 
Orape Vine.'!. — Keep the shoots tied up. Thin 
frcel}', especially on vines fruiting the first time. 
Pinch the laterals to one leaf; if they push again, 
repeat the pinching, reducing each new growth to 
one leaf Bearing canes are to be stopped at 3 or 4 
leaves beyimd the last bunch. Hand pick beetles 
and eater]iillars. Mildew makes Its appearance iu 
small greyish patches on the leaves, new wood, and 
fruit. See article on its trcatm?nt on page 223 
(Juue). Apply the remedy on the first attack. 
riower Gardcu and ILawn. 
Grass, whether on the lawn or edgings to beds, 
needs care to keep out weeds. Plantains, thistles, 
aud otlier coarise w«ds eUould be puljed wliiie Ujoy 
