306 
AMERICAN AG-RICULTURIST. 
[September, 
Contents for September, 1866. 
Aqiinlic Plants for Ornament ,. Illuslrated. .^22 
Bag Hiiliier-Simple and Cheap Illuslraled. .319 
Bees— Apiaiy ill ScptPinbei- - 308 
Boys aiicl Girls' Columns — Wliere iln the Weeds come 
From ?— One Way In Get an Autograph— New anJ 
Useful Sport- Ainiising Play— The Crook— Dutch- 
man's Tempei'ance Lcctuir— Puzzle foi the Eyes- 
Puzzles and Problrms-Crand Musical Eniertain- 
'. ment-Spicy Letter tihout a Picture - Something 
Besides Money Wanted i llluslralwns.. 329, 330 
Bulbs, Dutcli— Cultiviilion 3« 
Cuke— Cheap Sponse 327 
Columhine-Fiiie Variety lUustrnttd.. S36 
Cooking Directions, etc.— Recipe ys. Ueceipt— Cream 
Beer— Wedding Ctike — Jelly Cake — Bachelnr's 
Pone— Snfi Gingerbread— Ha'ty Pudding— Indian 
Meal Pudding— Best Corn Biead— Bro«n Bread- 
Corn Dodgers— Preserving Green Corn— Meat Balls 
—Carrot Sauce— Heating Bottles for Fruit-Claret 
Wine Stains— To C(dor Scarlet— Ked Ants 223 
Corn Fodder— Topping 3-' 
Co«s for Milk and Butler 3V1 
Cuttings— Striking in Sand 324 
Documents Acknov\leilged 30S 
Fairs— A?ricuItMral—Tiine tind Place 308 
Fiirni Work in Sepleinlier 306 
Ferrets and Weasels S /;;as(ra(ions..3lD 
Flower Garden ami Laivn in September SO" 
Fruit Gulden in September 30T 
Gaiden— Kitchen in September SO" 
Grapes— C:ol I Grapery in September 008 
Grapes— Packing for Market 3J3 
Green and Hot-Houses in September 3ii7 
HeaHh -Things to be Remeinbeied 32" 
Hedges and Hed!;e Platits-HoneyLocitst 3:6 
IloUyhocUs fur Bouquets 322 
Implement Trial at Auburn 310 
Indigo Plant and .ManufatHure Illustrated . .ZW 
Information Given - H'.me-rnade Ink — Extracting 
Wheel Grease, etc.— Removing Mil lew— 01 I Brine 
— Toilet Soap— Pickles— Lard anl Rosin— Prevent- 
ing Rust ^27, 3-2S 
Insects- Poultry Lice 4 Illustrations ..m 
Insects and Plant Fertilization 4 Illustrations . .31\ 
Mississippi Levees 319 
Market Repirrl 309 
Moisten the Air S2-i 
Northern Men for the South SIT 
Oiadiard aiirl Nurseiv in September 307 
Peticli- Golden Dwarf 3;6 
Poiiiologiial Societv, American 305 
Poultry Diseases— Lice 4 lUnstrufions ..3]fi 
Pi ivies—Needed Reform 2 Illustrations. .319 
Raspberry— Philadelphia Illustrated 323 
Hoses— Protecting Monthly 3 Illustrations. .32'^^ 
Soruhuiii Syiiip t'lOi 316 
Southern Lands— Northern Men for 31" 
Stone Fences — Ways of Building 3 Illustrations . .3\S 
SnUsciibers— 2it0,0t)b foi" l&ti7.. 309 
Sus-ex Co.. N. J 3US 
Tim Bunker on the Cotton Fever 316 
Turni|is—Tliinning and Hoeing 317 
Walks and Talks on llie Farm. No. 33— Onions for 
Seed— Ilarvesiing Wlicat — Potato Crop— Clover In 
Rotation -A ■tiflcial JLinures- Oat Crop— Barley, 
Drilieci and Broadcast — Reaping Machines — 320, 321 
Wine--Treatinent of. 325 
BASKET," OU SlIORTEK ARTICLES, 
INDEX TO 
Agriculturist Free 
Angle Worms 
Aiiiinal Carcasses . . 
Ants. Expelling 
Ashes «Mi Orchards. 
Beans Named 
Beef. Curing 
Beeliives Frame 
...nu 
...313 
...3i:i 
.. 314 
...3n 
...31.. 
.31 
.31 
Blackberry, Proi.agation 313 
Blackberries. New 31 i 
Book. Architecture 311 
Book, Lester's, . 31:> 
Book, Short-horn Herd. .31 
Books. S. S. Question... 311 
Bulls. Grade 312 
Canada Thistles 314 
Celerv, Keeiung. .... 3U 
Charcoal for Manure 313 
Cherry Tree Flies ....SIE 
Chimnevs in Stacks 312 
Clover Runout 311 
Cows. Cake. I Bag 31'J 
Currant. Golden 313 
Dogs for Sale 312 
: Dogs. Training rd2 
" Drains. Tile, etc 31. 
Esa Plant. Cooking 311 
Extra Size 311 
Fence Nuisance 31.. 
Field. C W. Th.inksto.31 
Fruit III San Francisco. 3U 
Gate. Balance 312 
Grape Leaf Trotible till 
Grapes. Pinching. 313 
Grass for Grove. oil 
Hams. Curing 31. 
Hay for Oxen 311 
Hog Cholera 310 
Huiiiriiigs. Sundry 311 
l/and Oflices, 
.310 
Lime on Wet Land 314 
Locations. Good 31'i 
-Maize, Stiiprfd 312 
.Mlijht of Republic 3t0 
.Miik Pans 313 
jMiK^k Swamps 311 
Osage Orange He. Ices. ..314 
Peaches, NiagaiaCo 314 
Pe.ir Tree Slug 313 
Peas. Carter's Goo.l.oll, 314 
Pickles, Making 311 
Pinks and Pansies. ... 314 
Plants Named 314 
Pleiiio-Pneumonia 312 
P:ovv for Deep Work. ..314 
Potato Bug... 311 
Poiidrette, Transporting. 313 
Poultiy Lice . blJ 
Poultry. Marking 312 
Premiums. Good 310 
Pronouns. Mistake 312 
Rose on Apple Tree 313 
Saratoga. Views of 310 
Seeds, English 311 
Straw an o.lg Clover 314 
Strawberries Degen'tiiig.313 
Strawberries in Inwa. . 311 
TiiaiiKs to Soinebodv 313 
Thorn Apples, Grafting 313 
Thoiii Seels 313 
Timothv Grass 313 
Tongues. Pickling ....S12 
Vineland "Mare's Nest". 314 
Water Carrier 314 
Weigclia. Derivation 31:1 
Wheat Fertilizer 313 
Whitewash. Out-door. ..313 
Willow. White. Fences. 314 
Woodf-iiuck Medicine. ..212 
Woolen Waste 313 
AMERICiS 4GRICFLTURIST. 
NEW-YORK, SEPTEMBER, 1866. 
Septemlier comes witli the promise, and alraost 
the full fruition, of abundant harvests of all kinds 
of crops. The summer harvests were reported 
variously from different sections, but on the whole, 
wc believe, the amount of whe.it, oats and barley 
is fully up to the usual averaije, as well as to just 
expectations. The hay crop is a little short on an 
average, and in some sections it w ill be iinper.ativcly 
necessary for farmers to make the most of the 
straw and corn fodder, and while wc refer to an 
article on pai;e 3131 on corn fodder, let us drop the 
hint that it is easier and cheaper to buy straw at this 
season than .at any other, especially if the buyer will 
take it away as fast ns it is thmshcd. Corn fodder 
is best bought at husking time, especially if the 
husking is done at the shocks in the fluid. 
This month and the lirst part of October is the 
time for Agricultural Fairs. Every day, '• Sunday's 
excepted," from the 4th of Septciuberto the 30th of 
November is devoted in some p'aceor places to an 
agricultural fair. It is particularly unfortunate that 
so many are held upon the same dtvys, so tint 
people are in straights as to which to attend and 
which to neglect. This might all be obviated by a 
little correspondence, or it' tlie Secretary of tlie 
United States Agricultural Society, which wa be- 
lieve has existence enough to meet and elect of- 
ficers, would take the matter in hand. We can 
hardly urge too strongly upon fanners to plan to 
go themselves at any rtitc, and take one or more of 
their sons, to one or two of the best cotinty fairs 
near their homes, and if possible to go to the State 
fair also. Tltere is a great deal to learn, the know- 
ledge of which will make a man a belter farmer, 
help pnt notions of leaving the farm and going to 
the city to bo a merebatit out of the boys' Itcads, 
giving tliem an interest in their own profession, 
and an ambition to raise as fine grain, fruit and 
vegetables as they see, and to have improved im- 
plements and well-bred stock. 
AVe know that there arc men who would rather 
not have their boys get such notions, and think 
that the old rttts are smooth, easy going, and good 
enough, but these are men who think in ruts as 
well as work and run tlie farm in them. The boys 
\viU think, and read and see, and it is harder to 
keep them in the ruts than the old fogys think. 
There is a great deal of work- to be done in Sep- 
tember, hut it is not all of tliat driving, hurrying 
kind like much of the summer aud spring work. 
Htnts about Work. 
The crops that now require especial attention are : 
Buckwheat, which must be cut before frost hurts 
it, and if put up iu ucttt gavels, the tops being 
botind to shed rains, will go on filling out, so 
that, though very few grains may htwe been fully 
formed at the time of cutting, there will be few 
not filled out at the end of a few weeks, — and 
Tobiicoo, whicli is hoirelessly damaged by a slight 
frost. It tobacco has grown well, the greater part 
of it will liave been cut before the end of the first 
week in September. See hint about harvesting 
given last month. The way of hangin'g most eco- 
nomical of space of any we have ever seen, was 
described iti March, 1864, and is well worth the 
attention of tobacco growers. 
Jioot Croi>s may uenerally at this season receive 
some attention. Weeds should be ])nlled when 
they appear, and the grottnd iccpt clean. The soil 
may often be stirred, especially among carrots, to 
great advantage, aud the best way is to run a sub- 
soil plow midway between tlie rows. Turnips need 
hoeing aud thinning, and cabbages coustanf hoeing. 
I\itatoes. — The decay of the vines iuJieates the 
maturity of the potatoes, and early sorts may be 
dug and housed at once ; hut if there is any appear- 
anee of rot, leave them in the ground. It makes 
less work to dig only the sound ones, and the de- 
caying will be chiefly over before the last of Octo- 
ber; however, it may pay to dig aud market early. 
Com, which promised so very little in July, 
probably never looked better in August than this 
year. It is only a little late. Do not top it so as 
to expose the cars to the frost, certainly not until 
it is thoroughly glazed. Read an article on page 
331 on corn fodder. Go through the best pieces to 
Selert Seed Com. — Trust this to no hired man, but 
do it yourself. Select by feeling ears a little above 
medium size (no monstrosities), close, firm, well 
tiiipedover, tight and full at the butt. Mark these 
in some way, as with a dab of paint, or by tying a 
string .around the ear. Then in lite husking these 
may be unhusked, or broken olf and then husked, 
leaving the husks attached. Finally select from 
these the well ripened ones, and those with fewest 
irregularities, false or short rows of kernels, and 
braid them up in strings for thoroitgh drying. 
Sorijhinn. — See article oti page 316. 
Seeding to Orasx. — Grass seed maybe sowed alono 
on good soil, on which fine compost has been har- 
rowed in, and, if the ground is not both po»r and 
clayey, will stand the winter well and do much 
belter than if sowed with winter grain. Oats and 
buckwheat are occasioti.ally sown as a iirotection to 
grass. The grtiin should be sparingly sown. It 
dies in the winter, but affords th;; griss a mulch. 
SoiUiif/. — Wheat and rye are sown this month for 
early soiling crops. Next spring, as soon as the 
rye is flt to be mown, its fcedintr d.iily will produce 
a very great difference in the yield of milk. This 
is the earliest crop. Wheat follows soon, then 
very late sowed rye, then spring sowed oats, corn, 
etc. The rye and wheat will be off the ground iu 
time for summer crops, and as they do not seed, do 
not exhatist the soil perceptibly. It should be in 
good heart aud tilth, however. 
IMieal. — Sow wheat carlj'. The soil should bo 
well worked — not plowed below its natural depth. 
If sowed upon clover turned under, work in a 
libenil dressing of flue compost with a Shares' har- 
row, cttllivator, or harrow. Guano, well mi.xed 
with fine mueic or peat, brings forward rapidly that 
sown a little late, aud causes it to tiller well this 
fall. By all means drill In the seed, if the ground 
be of even qiialitj' and consistency. If it is hard 
and cl.aycj', and sandy or light in spots, sow by Imnd. 
Weeds. — Burn every weed tliat lias gone to seed. 
If fed to hogs, you fill the manure with the seeds. 
Stack.1 of cither hay or graiti should be watched, 
and if they settle unevenly or the tops become dis- 
arranged by tlie gtilcs, brace them aud retop them. 
See article on page "377, last vol. (September, 1865.) 
VermiH. — The granaries should bo early freed 
from vermin, whieli will generally collect as soon 
as grain is stored. Insects must be removed before 
the grain is put in, when the bins, etc., should be 
most thoroughly cleansed and whitewashed inside 
and out. Rats are easily disposed of by using 
liber.ally the phosjihorous pt^ste. Tliis has also 
some effect on the mice, but not so much, because, 
though it is poison and kills them, the mice do not 
go iu comintiuitic; as rats do, and can not be 
"stampeded." The p.aste gives some of the r.ats 
a severe colic and they alarm the rest, and so all arc 
cleared out. This paste is very fatal to fowls. 
JDraiiiiur;. — The better the dlieher, the narrower 
does he make his ditch ; broad ditches are only 
made by green hands. A ditch 3 feet deep should 
not be more than 14 inches wide, and one i feet 
deep (which is the best for common tile drains) not 
more than 3 or 3 inches wider. To do this, a set of 
good ditching tools is needed. Use round tiles if 
you can get them. Drainage water may often bo 
used upon meadows lying on lower lands for 
Irngation. — The water of brooks, springs, etc., 
(the more permanent, of course, the better,) may be 
made the vehicle of untold fertility upon grass 
lauds properly arranged to receive it. The water 
must never stand, nor ^o\\ over the soil, bnt l/irovgh 
it, if benclit would be derived from irrigation. 
This is a source of wealth, as great as that which 
lies in the petit swamps, and one quite unheeded. 
Niat Slock require no espeeitil attention this month 
other than good care and good feed to prejiare them 
for winter. None should be allowed to run down. 
Though cows coming in late for winter mUkinjf 
