1866.] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
431 
at ouce, aud the most striugcnt quarantiue or 
isolation euforeed, and all the movemcuts of cat- 
tle by rail or ou foot stopped, almost entire ex- 
emption has followed. — This disease may never 
reach America; but the lesson should be under- 
stood and heeded. Tliere are other diseases not 
so bad, but perhaps bad enough to make it ivorth 
while to pursue the same remed}'. One of these 
is the Tceiis Murrain, which lias of late spread 
itself ihrough parts of :Missouri, Kansas, and 
we believe somewhat in Tennessee and Ken- 
tucky. The State Governments should act 
promptl}-, if the Legislatures are not in session, 
and by the most striugeut measures put an end 
to a plague which may sweep otf 30 to 50 per 
cent, of the herds of their respective States. 
The Missonrians have, in many cases, very prop- 
erly made laws for themselves and their own 
neighborhoods, and ordered back those herds, 
enforcing tliese orders with their rifles. So the 
cattle have gone round through Kansas or 
Kentucky. We get Texas cattle now and then 
in our Eastern mai'kets. AVho knows but wo 
may get the murrain upon our farms, with the 
Western store cattle we buy for feeding ? We 
commend the question seriously to all ftirmers. 
To enforce our opinion of what is the only 
safe way of dealing with such diseases among 
cattle, we give a picture at the head of this ar- 
ticle, of what is proved to be the certain cure 
for the Rinderpest, if dexterously applied — an 
implement which has become of historical in- 
terest from the role it has played in England the 
past 3'ear. If danger attends treatment — kill. 
Portable Sheep Rack. 
In our last volume, p. 069, (December), we 
gave a description of the sheep rack invented 
and used bv Mr. N. B. Pearsall, of Otsego Co., 
Fig. 3.— INNER RACK. 
(made of wire or slats), keep tlie hay out of the 
troughs, and may be lifted out, or made to lean 
Fig. 3.— WIRE RACK. 
back out of the way if desired. The roof may 
be lifted off at any time by one man with ease. 
Fig. 1. 
Cow Stables. 
Fig. 1.— SHEEP RACK. 
N. Y. Mr. P. made this patent and free to the 
public through the Anurican AgricuUitrist, not 
in consideration of the exclusive right to make 
and use granted to him and his assigns for 17 
years 
Government. 
The inventor 
suggested its 
use as a double 
rack, and on 
looking over 
the advertise- 
ments in some 
of our English 
exchanges, we 
find figured a 
rack set on 
low trucks, 
and roofed, 
which for some purposes might be very con- 
venient. From the same we take a hint in re- 
gard to wire hay racks. We therefore combine 
these with JMr. Pearsall's double rack, and trust 
the suggestions may prove of value to sheep 
raisers. Tlie cuts make clear the construction. 
The outer racks have 6-inch spaces, and 6-ineh 
pales. The troughs are for grain or roots, and 
will catch all the hay seed. The inner racks, 
Fig, 2. — CROSS SECTION. 
The well being of cows, and the ability to get 
the greatest amount of milk, depends in no 
small measure on the comfort of their quarters ; 
but the comfort of the dam is vastly more im- 
portant to ensure fine offspring. Some months 
since we took some measurements in the cow 
stables of a noted breeder of Shorthorns, and 
give the following outlines, 
figures 1 and 3, partly from 
memory. The cows stand in 
two rows facing the outside of 
the building. The entire floor 
is of brick in one stable (fig. 
1), and of stone in the other 
(fig. 3), laid in cement upon the 
groimd. The cows stand in 
double stalls, S'ja feet wide in 
fig. 1— 6'|3 feet wide in fig. 3, 
each tied near the dividing 
partitions. The feeding troughs are of the 
width of the stalls, 3 feet wide and 1.5 inches 
deep, made of 3-inch plank. In front of 
the stalls is a passage 3 feet wide for feeding, 
and at the rear a gutter laid in brick and cement, 
14 inches wide in fig. 1, 13 inches wide in fig. 3. 
The floors of the stalls being made slightly 
slanting to the rear, to allow the liquids to flow 
off. The difference in the appearaflce of these 
stables is much greater than appears from the 
sections, the one represented in fig. 3 being 
i 
- 
?°^ 
J 
l!j, ■^— -^- 
'rv-v-.^^r-. ._^ ,~^^ 

Fi" 
in this stable are not fixed in the posi- 
tion shown, but capable of Ijeing mov- 
ed to the rear to accommodate the 
I length of difl'erent cows, and should 
1 be so placed that the droppings will 
all fall into the gutter. la fig. 1 the 
troughs are stationary. The floor be- 
tween the gutters in eacli stable is wide enough 
for a cart way, and ventilation is abundantly 
provided for. The floors are daily 
strewed with gypsum, the manure all 
being removed to a shed at a distance 
from the stables. Cows in such spa- 
cious quarters are vastly less liable 
to disease, tlieir calves are health}"', 
and their milk is incomparably better 
than that of those represented in fig. 3. This 
is a sketch of the cows in one of the best milk 
stables we know of near New York. Tlie cows 
stand on the ground, are confined by stanchions, 
fed from half-barrel tubs, or have their hay or 
green fodder thrown to them ou the floor. The 
space allowed each cow is about 3 feet. These 
stables are cleaned out daily, and tlie cows have 
an hour or two to run in a large yard. Never- 
theless there is more or less of fever and disease 
prevalent, as indicated by the lack of sprightli- 
ness in their looks, hero and there a gaunt ani- 
mal with staring coat and hot breath, and the 
stump tails which several have. These are the 
two extremes of stable treatment. The best is 
Fig. 3. 
none too good for a choice herd ; the second 
cheaper, and good enough for milch cows, for 
the milk consumer, and the profit of the owner. 
much more cheaply constructed throughout, and 
intended for milch cows. The feeding troughs 
A Great Invention iu Bee-Culture.— How 
to Empty Combs. , 
The Bee papers of Europe and this country 
are filled with accounts of a discovery of a Ger- 
man Apiarian, of a method of emptying combs 
of honey without injuring them. The process 
is exceedingly simple and consists only in slic- 
ing off the caps of the cells, and then causing 
the combs to revolve on the periphery of a wheel 
or cylinder, which empties one side of honey — 
then the other side is turned and emptied. Li- 
quids upon bodies which are whirled or revolved 
tend to fly off by what is called centrifugal force. 
In this case the revolution is so graduated that 
only the honey flies ofl", and dead bees, bee- 
bread, etc., remain behind, so that not only is 
the comb saved, but the honey is purer and bet- 
ter than that strained. The temperature requi- 
site to success, is about 80° Fahrenheit, which is 
gained in a warm room, or on a summer day. 
The value of this invention may be the better 
appreciated, when it is known that it requires 
the consumption by the bees, of 15 to 20 pounds 
of honey (estimates vary), to make 1 pound of 
wax, consequently, that the comi) requires for 
its construction the use of just about as much 
honey as it will contain when filled. It may be 
found tliat in the economy of bee life, it is essen- 
tial for the bees to make or excrete a certain 
amount of wax iu order to remain in good 
