130 
AMERICAN AGRICULT URIST. 
[April, 
it -will tip like a cart body. The -wagon -with 
the frame is backed up to the horse-power to 
be loaded. A rope or chaia is hooked to the 
power, and is wound up upon the roller, draw- 
Fig. 1.— LOADING HORSE-POWER. 
ing the horse-power, beneath which small roll- r 
era are placed, on to the wagon. When it is | 
to be unloaded, the horse-power is run back 
until the end of the frame rests upon the I 
Fig. 2. — POWER READY FOR WORK. 
ground, when it is in the right position to be 
used. Fig. 1 shows this method. 
The other method is to mount and fasten the 
horse-power upon the hind axle of the wagon 
Fig. 3. — POWER KEADT FOR REMOVAL. 
so that it may be readily tipped backwards. 
The reach is loosened from the fore part of the 
wagon when the power is to be used, and it is 
simply tipped up against the barn floor or upon 
it where it is needed. It may be propped up 
securely at the exact angle required. When it 
is to be removed the reach is brought down 
and fastened again into its place. Figures 2 
and 3 show how this is managed. 
Plan of Barn Yard. 
We are asked for a plan of an inclosed barn 
yard suitable for a farm upon which the rais- 
ing and feeding stock is the chief business, and 
in which economy of labor is of greater con- 
sideration than the first cost of the buildings. 
Having considered this matter and made some 
practical approach ourselves to the plan laid 
out at figures 1 and 2, we are led to believe that 
there are uiany points of convenience and ad- 
vantage in it, and that it will be of service to 
our reauers. Fig. 1 represents the ground plan, 
in which the barn is shown 
at a. As will be observed 
there are no stalls for stock 
in this building ; it is re- 
served altogether for storage 
for feed, grain, fodder, and 
apartments for preparing the 
feed. Upon each side of the 
barn are stalls, b b, for oxen 
or cows. At c c are stables 
for work horses, and loose 
stalls for mares, stallions, or 
colts. At d are loose stalls 
or pens for calves or young 
cattle or bulls. Each of these 
stalls should be 10 feet square 
inside, and a feed passage at 
least 5 feet wide should pass 
around the whole range and 
through the central barn. At e is an office for 
the reception of tools and stable implements, 
the storage of materials for repairs and for 
making repairs of harness, etc., and for medi- 
cines and such surgical and 
other instruments as must of 
necessity be kept upon every 
well appointed stock farm. 
At/ are the pig pens, with 
poultry roosts above them ; 
the stairs at each end of the 
building giving access to 
store rooms for grain and 
feed for both pigs and poul- 
try. At g are the manure 
wells, having cemented cis- 
terns in the center, of such a 
depth as may be needed. Jf 
liquid manure is to be saved 
and used, the cisterns should be 8 or 10 feet 
deep, covered with bars, and pumps should 
be attached to each one. The manure wells 
are surrounded with stone walls four feet 
high except at one end, for 
the purpose of retaining it 
in a compact shape and neat 
condition, and so that wag- 
ons or carls might be backed 
upon the manure to be load- 
ed when desired. AtAisthe 
cistern which receives the 
whole water shed from the 
roofs, and which is carried 
off by spouts and pipes. The 
pump upon the platform 
should be a force pump so 
that the water might be 
forced to any part of the buildings, or into 
supply tanks for each stable, or by means of a 
rubber hose into scattered water 
troughs around the yard. At each 
side of the pig pen gates give ad- 
mission to the yard, which should 
be paved with cobble stone where 
practicable on account of the ex- 
treme cleanliness and dryness 
which such pavement renders at- 
tainable. A side entry as at i will 
also be found a great convenience. 
There are many advantages con- 
nected with this plan which we 
have not space to enlarge upon, 
but which, upon examination, 
will be readily perceived. Where 
a sufficient number of stock is kept to make 
such an arrangement desirable, its cost will 
be found much less than that of scattered 
buildings, while from a partial adoption of 
this plan in our own experience we can sug- 
a 
Fig. 1. — PLAN OF BARN YARD. 
gest none that offers more conveniences. 
Figure 2 shows the elevation of the buildings, 
substantially but very plainly built. The plan 
Fig. 2.— ELEVATION OF BUILDINGS. 
admits of any amount of elaboration architect- 
urally or otherwise that may be wished. 
Concrete Building. 
Charles Hodgkinson, Scott Co., 111., sends us 
his plan of building concrete houses, which in 
many places in the West, especially where 
building materials other than lime and gravel 
are scarce and dear, may be found acceptable. 
He commences by making a solid foundation 
n - , <£- g 
<v 
4=4 
c 
£ 
3 
Fig. 1.— PLANK, CLEATS AND PIN. 
of stone or brick-work and leveling the surface 
carefully. Upon this he places his set of box- 
ing, shown in the engraving. The boxing or 
frames are made of inch boards 12 iuches wide 
and all of one size. Cleats are nailed upon 
each end and on each side, as seen at a, to pre- 
Fig. 2. — MANNER OF PLACING THE BOXING. 
vent warping. Holes one inch in diameter are 
bored through the boards and pins of oak are 
