^04= 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[June, 
that they should be planted from four to eight feet 
apart according to the variety. 
Onions require careful attention to prevent the 
growth of weeds. If there is a near market they 
are usually more profitable when green and half 
grown than if allowed to ripen. 
Parsnips need to be hoed often, or until the 
leaves cover the ground. 
Teas. — Plant for a succession, taking care to 
cover deeply. Give brush to all that need it. 
Rhubarb.— The flower-stalks should be removed 
as soon as they appear. When fruit comes stop 
cutting and give the plants rest. 
Buta-Bat/as may be sown the last of this month. 
Dust on ashes or plaster as soon as up to keep off 
insects. 
Salsify. — Keep the plants hoed and the ground 
loose and mellow. Seed may be sown at once, but 
the roots will not be so large as if planted earlier. 
Spinach goes to seed so quickly during summer 
that it is of but little use to sow now. New 
Zealand is best suited for hot weather. 
Squashes. — Plant the same as cucumbers; the 
bush sorts three to four feet apart, and the large- 
growing winter sorts eight feet. 
Sweet-Potatoes. — The first week in June is early 
enough to plant at the North. Set out the plants, 
12 or 15 inches apart, on well-manured ridges. 
Tomatoes. — Set out plants and keep well hoed. 
Provide some support in the shape of brush or 
trellis ; this will allow the fruit to ripen, and also 
prevent it from becoming soiled by the earth. 
Flower Waj'desa riiid S,awn. 
Lawns. — In order to obtain a velvety surface, 
the lawn should be cut frequently. For this pur- 
pose a lawn-mower is needed, as it leaves the lawn 
with a smooth surface, and not ridged as when 
mowed with a scythe. 
Annuals may be sown in the open ground now 
that it is well wanned. Transplant such as require 
it, and weed those already sown. 
Bedding Plants should be planted out in the bor- 
ders where the practice of massing is followed. 
Specimen Plants from the greenhouse are often 
used to ornament the grounds with good effect. 
Oranges, Oleanders, Palms, and any other sub- 
tropical plants are useful for this purpose. 
Fuchsias. — Do not plant in the open ground un- 
less there is some shady spot for them. 
Bulbs. — Hyacinths, and other fall bulbs should be 
taken up as soon as the leaves begin to decay. 
Tuberoses started under glass may be set in a 
warm spot. Plant out Cannas, Gladioluses, and 
Caladiums in beds on the lawn or in the borders. 
Climbers, whether woody or herbaceous, 6hould 
be provided with stakes or trellises. 
Weeds will grow rapidly here as well as in the 
vegetable garden, and care must be taken to keep 
them down. 
CSreenliouse anil Window Plants. 
Do not remove all the plants from the green- 
house during the summer ; enough should be left 
to make good show during the season. Make all 
necessary repairs now before the house is needed 
for the plants in the fall. Shade will be needed, 
and should be given either by whitewashing the 
glass on the outside or by means of scroens. 
Commercial Matters— Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care- 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
from our daily record during the year, show-at a glance 
the transactions for the month ending May 13th, 1S74, 
and for the corresponding month last year: 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TnE NKW YORE MAP.EETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wlieat. Corn. Rue, Barley Oati 
25 d's mm m'tii299.ooo 2,519, ooo 2.107,000 3i.f.oo 49,000 611,000 
24d's last m'tli296,000 1,317,000 3,678,000 0,900 131,(00 701,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Com. Rye. Rarlen Oats 
25 d's tills m'tli29l,000 3,306,000 2,631.000 17.000 317,000 1 ,619,000 
24 d's lust m'th 258,000 2,101,090 2,316,000 89,000 230,000 1,097,000 
3. Companion Willi same period at this time hint year. 
Receipts, /'lour. Wheat. Corn. Jtt/e. Barleti. Oats. 
25 days 1S74. . . 290,000 2,519,000 2,107,000 21,600 .19.000 611,000 
25 days 1873... 312,000 619,000 400,(100 500 101.U00 035,000 
Sales. Ftour. Wheat. Corn, Hue. Barley. Oats. 
25 (lavs 1S71...29I.OO0 2,306,000 2,6:11,000 47,000 317,000 1,600,000 
25 days 1873. . -236,000 1,678,000 2,274,000 71,000 147,000 1,512,000 
3. Stock of grain in store at Xeio York. 
Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Malt. 
bush. bush. bush, bush, bush. bush. 
Mavll, 1S74.. 315,331 34,003 25,839 41,125 53,527 40.939 
AprllO.lsTI.. 1,030,091 138,092 20,379 118,330 466,678 45,475 
Mar. 9, 1S74.. 1,310.313 754,511 211,378 01,416 751,375 22,276 
l-'.'b. 9. K71. .1.07,1,619 511.' .I ll.M.s |u.'.,„0 735.99: 23.,i..i 
.Ian. 12,1371. .1,235,413 1,146.302 1,131 186,208 514.117 35,482 
Dec. 10, 1873.. 1,553,313 2,093,544 244,885 579,742 60.S65 
1. Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to May 9: 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Peas. 
bbls. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. 
1874. ..782,15'; 9,309,705 5,515,551 352,573 45,113 158,917 
1873... 302,997 1,137,3:6 3,965,331 49,700 11,830 10,561 21,152 
1872... 286.752 2.380,216 4,425,213 203.UOU 9.3UI l'.\8-K 
1871... 659.952 3,199,703 1,(10(1,576 17.333 01.905 15,777 
1370... i'.:lj,5l5 1.603,651 119,022 6,709 1.089 
1868.'." 319)203 1,708J175 3,'903.'oil 158,093 36,409 
Current Wholesale Pricks. 
April 11. May 12. 
Price op Gold 113% 113M 
Flows— Super to Extra State $5-85 tin 7 75 $5 20 © 7 75 
Super to Extra Southern 6 30 ©10 75 6 30 ©10 50 
Extra Western 6 35 ©10 50 6 00 ©10 50 
Extra Genesee 7 S5 @ 9 50 7 75 © 9 50 
Superfine Western 5 85 @ 6 45 5 20 © 5 90 
ItYE Flour 4 75 © 5 85 4 75 @ 6 00 
Corn-Meal. 3 75 © 4 50 3 90 a 4 75 
Wheat— All kinds or White, 165 o 190 165 ©187)4 
All kinds or lied and Amber. 1 40 @ 1 75 1 35 © 1 70 
Corn— rcllow 88 @ 94 84 © SO 
Mixed 84 @ 91 81 @ 85K 
White.. 86 ® 92 83 ® 86 
Oats— Western 62 @ 66)4 63 ® 66 
State 62 ® 66 03 @ 66 
lira 105 ©113 106 @ 1 12 
Barley 1 50 © 1 95 1 80 ® 1 70 
Hat— Hole, V 100 lbs 100 ® 1 40 100 @ 1 60 
Straw, % 100 It-s 60 © 95 50 ® 1 00 
COTTOS— Middlings. ~i< Be... 17 ® 1796 18!<@ 18^ 
llOPS-Crop ol 1873. f( It. 15 @ 35 10 @ 30 
Feathers— Live Geese, y lb. 65 © 75 58 @ 65 
Shed— Clover. 39 lb 9>^@ 10i4 10)4© 10% 
Timothy. HB bushel — @ 3 00 2 75 ® 3 00 
Flax. |i bushel 3 70 ® 2 80 3 50 @ 3 01>< 
Sugar— Reli'gdS Grocery ifitt 6)f® 8V 6%® 9M 
Molasses. Cuba, tfgal 33 @ 48 SO @ 48 
New Orleans, V gal 60 ® 75 70 © 80 
Coffee— ltio(Uohl) 19 @ 32)4 17 ® 31 
Tobacco, Kentucky, Ac^lb. 5 © 13 4).£@ 13 
Seed Leaf, 9 lb 5 @ 65 5 @ 65 
Wool— Domestic Fleece, ^ lb 30 ® 60 30 © 60 
Domestic, pulled, fl lb 35 @ 50 35 © 50 
California, clip 16 © 35 18 © so 
Tallow, if< lb 1%% 1% 7)6® 7& 
Oil-Cake— W ton 4100 ©45 00 4150 ©13 00 
Pork— Mess. V barrel 17 oo ©17 12',' 17 r.J.c. 17 35 
Prime, ifi barrel 14 00 ©14 50 ' 11 25 (.11 6: ; 
Beef— Plain mess 9 50 ©1100 9 50 ©12 00 
Laud, ill ties. &. barrels, V lb 9X® 10M 1' ', ■ 10* 
nilTTER— State, "I'tt. 37 © 35 36 © 36' 
Western, V Si 30 ® 83 20 © 34 
Cheese.. a @ 17 5 @ nv 
Beans— V bushel 150 @ 4 35 150 ©4 25 
Peas— Canada, free, *l bu ... 1 25 © 1 37 1 20 ® 1 25 
Egos— Fresh. 1? dozen I3)$@ 16 14 @ 18 
Poultrt— Fowls.... 10 © 19 12 © 19 
Turkeys— "f( lb 10 ® 18 13 @ 23 
Geese,i?pair 175 ® 3 00 100 @ 3 00 
Duck-, r< pair 75 © 1 25 75 © 1 35 
79 It. • 12 ©24 14 © 23 
Ducks, wild. W pair SO ® 1 75 — ® — 
Plover. W dozeu 1 00 ® 1 25 1 75 @ 1 87 
Snipe, $ dozen.. 1 50 © 1 75 1 75 © 2 00 
Capons, V lb S5 @ — 23 ® 35 
Pigeons, V dozen 2 50 ® 3 00 1 00 o 1 25 
Turnips $ bbl 50 @ 75 50 © 75 
Cabsvges— f< 100 4 00 ® 8 00 5 00 @ 8 00 
Onions— V bbl 3 00 ® 6 50 7 00 © 7 50 
Potatoes— "(1 bbl 2 35 ® 3 12K 2 25 ® 3 35 
" new, Bermuda, 73 crate — @ — — @ 4 00 
" new, Bermuda. $ bbl. . — @ — 10 50 ®12 00 
Sweet Potatoes— IP bbl 7 00 ©7 50 7 25 @ 7 75 
Carrots -V bbl 2 00 ® 2 50 1 50 @ 3 00 
Broom-corn 6 @ 11 7 @ II 
Strawberries— 7? quart SO © 90 50 © 75 
Apples — (9 barrel 150 ® 6 00 4 50 ® 00 
Cranberries— V bbl 1100 ©15 00 — © — 
Beets, S bbl 200 ® 3 25 150 ©2 00 
Celery, V doz 2 00 © 2 50 2 00 ® 2 50 
Green Peas. V bushel 1 50 © 1 75 1 50 ® 1 70 
" Charleston, new, V crate — © — 2 50 © 3 00 
Lettuce, hot-house. 79 head. — @ — 3 © 9 
Spinacit, Southern. V bbl.... — © — 1 75 ® 1 00 
Tomatoes. Bermuda, crate.. — © — 1 25 © 1 50 
Asl'AR AdCS.Sonllici 11. bnncll — © — CO © 75 
Water-Chesses, V basket. .. 40 © 75 50 © 75 
RHUBARB— S bunch 13 ® — 8 © 12 
Radishes— V 100 bunches.... 3 00 ©3 50 75 ©175 
Maple Sugar 8 © 15 9 © 15 
Ginseng 1 25 © 1 35 1 25 ® 1 35 
Gold has been up to Ill's' and down to 111*,,'— closing 
May 12th at 112'; as agrtinst 118? 8 on April 11th 
With the resumption of inland navigation comes the 
promise of renewed activity in the wholesale produce 
line. The earliest receipts from the Canal have come to 
hand within a few days, and have made liberal and 
much needed additions to the available supplies, espe- 
cially Breadstuffs. The demand has been fairly active, in 
good part for export. The distribution of stock has 
seriously diminished the amount remaining in store at 
this point. The high range of ocean freights has been 
against the export business. Prices of Flour and Grain 
closed lower Cotton has been more active, for both 
prompt and forward delivery, at advanced figures 
Provisions have been quite freely dealt in, particularly 
Pork and Lard, which closed higher, on a lively specu- 
lative inquiry Tobacco, Hay, and the better grades 
of IIops have been selling moderately within our range. 
A more active business lias been noted in Wool. 
Manufacturers have been making more liberal purchases, 
chiefly t i provide for immediate wants, while the trade 
inquiry has been moderate. Prices have showu firmness 
on really desirable grades of stock, which have been 
offered sparingly. Little new clip, comparatively, has as 
yet reached this market, but considerable receipts of 
California by rail are looked for soon. Included in the 
recent sales in the local market were : Domestic 
Fleece at from 48c. @ 55c. ; Georgia at 25c; Unwashed 
slock at 30c. @ 40c. ; Washed at 55c. ; Scoured at 55c. @ 
$1.05, chiefly at 55c. @ 76)<fc. ; Combing at 50c. @ 65c; 
Domestic Pulled at 25c @ 50c. ; Lambs at 26^c ; Nevada 
at 33c ; Texas at 18c @ 32c ; California Fall at 18c. @ 
2iyj.'c. ; 17,000 fts. New California Spring Clip, at 23c 
@ 32c ; and 17,000 lbs. Noils, part domestic, at 47Xc. 
At Buston considerable sales have been reported of new 
clip California Spring at 31.V @ 30c, the latter rate for 
fancy lots In most other commodities trade has been 
comparatively tame. 
New York lMre-Stock markets. 
RECEIPTS. 
Beeves. Coirs. Calces. Sheep. Siolne. Tot'l. 
WEEK ENDING 
April 30 9,608 
April 37 8.354 
May 4 8.8S1 
May 11 9,310 
Total for 4 Weeks. .35,613 
do.foiprev.iWeeksSSfin 
1.S44 
3.850 
5,377 
3,795 
312 11,056 
539 4,800 
32 
33 
90 
91 
17,413 33.861 62.21S 
15.790 42,468 69.485 
10,481 41,754 67,589 
13,548 42,811 69,545 
57,232 163,894 268,837 
66,780 126,093 231,332 
Beeves. Cows. Calces. Sheep. Sirlne. 
Average per Week .8,903 60 2,904 14,308 40,973 
do. do. last Month... 8.253 134 1,200 16,695 31,523 
do. do. prev's Month.. 6,9 15 55 622 19,753 34,619 
Beef Cattle,— The month's business closes un- 
favorably for sellers, after a brisk trade, at gradually 
rising prices during the previous three weeks. Freights 
are now less than 40c a hundred from Chicago to New 
York, and consumers look for a share of the advantage. 
If freight were just nothing, it is a qnestion if farmers 
or graziers would reap a cent's worth of advantage, 
and if the consumers whose needs really make the mar- 
kets would not get the profit. As it is, prices in the 
West arc just now too high for dealers to make money at 
current rates here, and as we close our report they are 
losing $2 to $5 a head on every beast sold. The market 
is down at least Vc to 54c. <$ lb. since May 4th, and this 
does not show all the loss, as the estimates arc also 
against the seller, and a good many head, at least 25 car-* 
loads, go over unsold. Poor native steers to dress 55 lbs. 
to the gross cwt. sold at the close at 9><;c. tp lb., and the 
best at \2y.c. to dress 58 lbs. Fair Texans at 10c @ lie. 
and fat bulls at S'.j @ 5>fc ¥■ t). 
The prices for the past four weeks were as follows : 
week ending Ituiioe. Zorot Sales. Aver. 
April 20 9 ©18 c lOKftll'jC. 105?c. 
April 27 S&®18 c. lOSSll c. lOVc 
May 4 !>' v <sl3 c. 11 ©llj.c. Ilijc 
May 11 9X®12J4c. 10X®ll>ic. 11 c. 
Miloli Cows.— In this class of stock there has been 
a steady business at fair prices. All that have been 
offered were taken readily, and dealers report a fair de- 
mand, at $40 to $S0 per head for cow and calf. Really 
choice family cows have sold at $90 to $100 per head 
Calves. — The unwholesome practice of shipping 
'"bobs" at the tender age of ten days only demoralizes 
the market for veals. Hundreds of these -• hobs" are 
allowed to come on the market under the noses of the 
inspectors, and prices arc run down in consequence. 
The market is weak under the pressure, and 4c @ 7c is 
all that is quoted for poor to prime veals Sbeep 
and E,atnbs.— Clipped sheep are now coming in, and 
have met with an active demand until the last week, 
when an increased supply and a weak market meeting 
prices went down and some sheep went over unsold. 
For prime shorn sheep 7,Vc @ SJ^c is quoted at the 
close, and for unshorn 8c @ 9>^c. Good lambs are sell- 
ing as we write for ll,vc @ 12,v:c. "(") lb . Swine.— 
Live hogs have been without animation throughout the 
month, and close dull at 5 3 aC. @ 5vc *{5 lb. Dressed 
hogs have been active, but close easier at 1%c. $ ft>. 
Prcpariits' l»onlttrj- for market.— 
Agentlemau in Maine reports that he followed the direc- 
tions for preparing poultry given in the Agriculturist for 
November last, and that in the Portland and other neigh- 
boring markets his poultry brought him several cents a 
pound less than it should have done had he not scalded it. 
At the head of the directions it was stated that they were 
for the New York market, and we did not expect them 
to apply to any other. In the matter of poultry espe- 
cially, the customs in the markets of cities vary greatly, 
and to bring the best prices the poultry must be dressed 
according to the customs and prejudices prevailing at the 
place where it is to be sold. For example : poultry that 
is not drawn will not meet with a ready sale in Boston. 
Providence, or other New England cities, while drawn 
poultry in New York is likely to spoil on the hands of 
the dealers. Each one shonld make himself acquainted 
with the requirements of the market to which he pro- 
poses to send produce of any kind. 
