i-43 
AMERICAN AG-RIC ULTURIST. 
[JULY, 
Contents for July, 1874. 
Alkali Lands, Cure of. 258 
Apple-Tree Borer 261 
Binders for Sheaves 4 Illustrations . .252 
Books, Herd 259 
Boys and Girls' Columns— Key of the Bastile— Mr. 
Crandall's Acrobats — Sunrise — Bas-relief — Bad 
Writers— Aunt Sue's Puzzle-Box— Gulliver in Brob- 
dignag 2 Illustrations. .267, 268 
Bee Notes— Advice to Beginners 249 
Cabbages as a Field Crop 250 
Carriage and Pigeon House 3 Illustrations. 251 
Cattle, Dutch or Holstcin 2 Illustrations. . 253 
Chimney, How to Build a Illustrated. .257 
Combat, The Illustrated . .241 
Daisy, European 262 
Farm Work for July 242 
Ferns and Fern Collecting 263 
Flower Garden and Lawn in July 244 
Frail Garden In July 243 
Grain, Grading in New York 958 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in July 244 
Household Department — Ciothes-Line Reel — French 
Cream Cake — Alrocity of Feather Beds — Home 
Topics— What Shall we have for Breakfast— Pud- 
ding Sauce — Lemon Custard 2 Illustrations.. '265, 266 
Kitchen Garden in July 243 
Lolling of the Tongue 2 Illustrations.. 252 
Long Moss Illustrated. .261 
Market Reports 244 
Milkweed, Four-leaved Illustrated.. 264 
Muck, Getting out Swamp 3 Illustrations . .255 
Natural Pastures . ... 252 
Ogden Farm Papers, No. 53— Draining — Jersey Cat- 
tle— IlayiiiL' 250, 251 
Orchard and Nursery in July , 243 
Ox-Yoke, An ImproNed .-.2 Illustrations.. 256 
Pickles 262 
Plows, Draft Irons for 2 Illustrations. .257 
Roads and Road Making 3 Illustrations . .250 
Roses, How to Propagate from Cnttings 262 
Sheep as a Cleansing Crop , 258 
Shorthorns, Sale of 249, 259 
Stable. Prairie 4 Illustrations. .256 
Swindling by Mail 240 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 12T— Crops— Frait 
—Pigs— Wheat straw— Sheep— Steamer 254, 255 
Steel Bars for Bells Illustrated. .255 
Yellow-root, Shrub Illustrated.. 264 
INDEX TO "BASKET," or. SHOHTErt ARTICLES. 
" Al falfa " 247 Holdi ng On 247 
B K. Bliss & Sous' Re- | Horn Ail 247 
moval 240 Horses, Sale of Thorough 
Bees 248 ! Bred 246 
Blood Diseases in Stock. 273'Hortlcnltural W'ks, Hib- 
Borers, Peach 2is! herds' 246 
Buckwheat for Cows. . . .247'Horticuiturists, Death of.273 
Butter from Sweet Cream 217 Humbugs, Sundry 245 
Butter, Packing 273, Imports and Exports 273 
Cheat or Chess' 273 Lambs, Disease Amongst248 
Clover and Timothy, Sow- I" Lock-Ont," English 246 
liiv 247 Manure for Clay Soil 247 
Colt? Diarrhoea in a 273 Mares, Old Brood 248 
Corn, Shelled or in Ear. .247 Meats, Shipping Dressed 246 
Corn, Value in Nebraska248 Menuonites 273 
Crops, Curtailing 273 Milk Cellars, Under- 
Crops for Green Manure. 247| ground 247 
Crops. Soiling 247|Mushrooms. Fine 2 IS 
Cud, Loss of. 273 Patrons of Husbandry.. .246 
Dairy in the North Wcst.248 Peaches, Delaware 246 
Dairy Items 248 ( Pickle8 248 
Disease of the Lungs. . . .273 Poultry for Eggs 247 
Draining "Sticky "Land 248 Ripe and Vetches. Tares. 273 
Ejsts, Double-Yolked....247|Rcports, Valuable 246 
"Esquire" 273 Root-honso,How to makc24R 
Exportation of Live Cat- ]Sal-Soda for Manure. . . .247 
tie 273 ( Sand for Cranberry Mar6h273 
Farmers, Bankrupt 273,Scraps, Chandler's 273 
Farmers' Conventions. . .347 Sheen Net* .'..247 
Feed for Birly Spring 247jSow-Bul'S— Wood-Lice . .247 
Forest Fires 273[" Split. Hoofs" 247 
Grape Scissors Ml. .248 Steam on the Canals 246 
Guano, Recent Discov- Silmmer-fa!lowingPrairie248 
err o* 24S Thorough Pin 247 
Heal til of Farmers 249 Tobacco Leaf 240 
Hearth and Home.Sale of 245 Twins 273 
Hedirc Rows, Breaking What is "Pi?" 248 
for :248 Wheat. Clean Seed . . ..248 
Hogs. Poland China 247 White Leghorn Pullets.. 247 
Hogs, Time to Market. . .247 Wine, Rhubarb&Tomato.248 
Calendar for July. 
-iiiaUihi- Macliiiios.— "J. E. S.," Rich- 
mond Co., N. C. There arc various machines invented 
for drawing milk from the cow. but none arc in nsc prac- 
tically that we know or have heard of. There are two 
principles involved in these machines, one to open the 
duct by inserting a tnbe and allowing the milk to flow 
out by its own weight, and the other to draw the milk 
from the teat by a pnmp, or by creating a vacuum into 
which the milk hows. We see so many practical objec- 
tions to the nse of theso machines, that wc can hardly 
adyitec any one to waste time in trying them. 
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11 59 ev. 
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10 53 ev. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, JULY, 1874. 
July is a hot and busy month. We are in the 
midst of haying and harvesting, with corn, pota- 
toes, beans, and roots to cultivate, hoe. and keen 
free from weeds. We have to think also of the 
next wheat crop, and not neglect our summer fal- 
lows. Then there are the cows, the sheep, the 
horses, the swine, and the poultry to he looked 
after. There is, perhaps, fruit to be picked and 
marketed. Altogether, the farmer has his hands 
full. He needs an active brain iu an active body. 
If he has good health, the work should not dis- 
courage him. He will pull through. He 6houId 
not get excited ; he should not worry. He should 
keep cool ; and the best way to do this, iu more 
senses than one, is to keep steadily at work. Work 
will clear the mind and cool the body. But it 
should be energetic, spirited work, not slow, plod- 
ding drudgery. Every stroke should be directed 
by the mind and be given with a will. It is such 
work that tells. Few of us realize how much the 
character of farm work has changed. It is better 
to run a mowing machine than to swing a scythe 
all day, but there are men who are not happy un- 
less they are engaged in some hard, steady work. 
They have not patience enough to manage a ma- 
chine. They are mental sluggards. They want a 
machine to put itself together, to tighten its own 
bolts, to be self-sharpening and self-oiling. Such 
men are bom hewers of wood and dra-wcis or 
water. They will not make successful modern 
farmers. The farmer who has his mower, tedder, 
unloading-fork, self -raking, and self-binding reaper ; 
who cuts feed, turns the grindstone, and pumps 
water by wind or horse power ; who plants his corn 
with a drill, hoes it with a harrow, cultivates within 
an inch of the rows, cuts up the crop, and husks it 
with a machine, is a very different man from Hodge, 
the farmer, as he exists in the mind of the novelist 
or poet. We believe in farmers and in farming. 
There is not as much isolation on a good farm as in 
a large city. There is no lack of excitement or of 
mental stimulus. We have not time to be dull. 
The seasons are too short and the work too press- 
ing. We are in a hurry to harvest our crop, that 
we may sow the next. We live iu the future ; and 
if we aim to improve our farms and our stock, we 
can yearly see sufficient evidences of real progress 
to feed our hopes and encourage us to continue our 
labors. Farming is slow work, but wc are building 
on a solid foundation, and are reasonably certain of 
our reward Let us brace our minds with hope, 
and continue the good work. The prospects for 
good farmers in this country were never more en- 
couraging than at the present time. 
Hints aleout "Wort. 
The Host Important Work on a farm is not plow- 
ing and sowing, haying or harvesting. These are 
big jobs that force themselves on our attention. 
They are rarely neglected. 
Little Things, which we are apt to overlook and 
neglect, are the most important. We need to look 
more to the little rivets that fasten the sections on 
the cutter-bar of a reaper than to the main driving- 
wheel. Dipping lambs to kill ticks is more im- 
portant than sripnrine: the sheep, because more 
likely to be postponed and forgotten. 
Farmers often Work too Sard. — Some of the most 
successful farmers we have ever known were men 
who kept others at work, but did little so-called 
work themselves. They knew how everything 
should be done, and saw that it was done promptly 
and well. They lent a hand when it was necessary,, 
but took hold of no steady work that an ordinary 
laborer could perform. 
Your own Health and that of your Family should 
be the first consideration. See that the cellar is 
clean, and the sink and out-houses are not giving 
off poisonous gases. 
Dry Earth is a cheap disinfectant. Use it freely, 
and be not sparing of water, soap, and lime. 
Personal Cleanliness would be less rare among 
hard-working men and boys if bathing conveniences 
were more common. A good swim is a good thing, 
but a man can be clean without having a river to 
bathe in. A tub of soft water, in the bam, if need 
be, with soap and sponge and towels, should not 
be lacking on any farm. We should think little 
or the man or boy who will not use them. 
In Malarious Regions do not get up too early in a 
morning ; and in our changeable climate no house 
should be without the means of making a fire at a 
moment's notice. If the evenings are damp or 
chilly, make a fire, if necessary for comfort, and 
keep the dooi - s and windows open. Many people 
seem to think if they make a fire they must shut 
the doors. 
Nutritious Food and plenty of it is essential to 
good health. A man who does not eat can not 
work. Meat soup is better than beer, and a cup of 
good coffee is more invigorating than a pitcher of 
hard cider. For a hard-working man, good bread 
and firm, fat pork, are better than cakes or cookies. 
Work Lively. — It is less fatiguing to milk ten 
cows in an hour, than in an hour and a half, and 
you have the half hour to give them a little extra 
food, which is certainly good for the cows. Horses 
should rest in the pasture or the stable, and not 
when in harness. Heavy boots and slow motions 
belong to a species of farming which is fast be- 
coming extinct. Do not carry one pail of water 
when you can carry two. Study the economy of 
labor. Do not waste your time or your energy. 
Make every stroke count, and let the strokes be 
given with a will. 
Saying should be pushed forward rapidly. In 
our experience, it is not wise to wait for the wea- 
ther. While the grass is green, a little rain or dew 
does not hurt it. We like to cut in the afternoon 
aud evening, and let it lie all night. The next 
morning, when the dew is off, turn it or ted it with 
a machine. In the afternoon rake into windrows, 
and.if timothy, draw it in ; or if clover, put it in a 
cock and draw in as soon as ready — say the next 
afternoon, turning or opening the cocks in tho 
meantime, if necessary. Clover makes capital hay 
if cut early and well-cured. 
Wheat should be cut as 60on as there is no milk 
in the kernels. If the field is square, and there are 
five meu to bind, each man will have a side, and 
