362 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[OCTOBKK, 
Contents for October, 1874. 
.363 
.381 
Antelope, Beisa Illustrated. . 373 
Bag Holders 2 Illustrations . .ZTl 
Darn Sheet 3T6 
Bee Notes for October .369 
Beet, Egyptian 3S3 
Black Bass, How to Stock Ponds with 373 
Boys aad Girls' Columns— Doctor's Talks on Garden 
Seeds— Aunt Sue's Puzzle-Box— Aunt Sue's Chats— 
Cruelty to Auimals 4 Illustrations. 3S7, 38S 
Brush, Home-Made Illustrated. . 37S 
California Farm. 378 
Catalogues Received 367 
Cistern, Underground Illustrated . . 370 
Corn Hnsker, Philip's Spiral 370 
Corn-Husking by Machinery Illustrated. . 301 
Cows, Pasturing in Orchards .Illustrated. .377 
Dog-Laws, Enforce the. 375 
Egg Inspection 377 
Fairs, Industrial 368 
Pair List 368 
Pair, New England 36S 
Farm Work for October 362 
Farming in Ireland, Prize 379 
Fastenings for Barns 4 Illustrations. .377 
Fertilizers in Gardening, Concentrated 382 
Flower Garden and Lawn in October 
Flowers, American Star Thistle Illustrated 
Flowers, Pearly Everlasting Itti/strated. .3S1 
Fruit Garden in October 363 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in October 363 
Hen Lice, Remedies for 377 
Household Department— How to use Corn Husks- 
Home Topics— Recipes 5 Illustrations.. 385, 386 
Ice-House and Cool Chamber 3 Illustrations.. 376 
Kitchen Garden in October 363 
Market Reports for October 363 
NoteB from the Pines— Here is trouble— Carpeting 
Beneath Shrubs— Sedum spectabile— Fancy Beds- 
Ornamental Grasses— Perennial Phloxes— Heath- 
Gladioluses 382, 383 
Ogden Farm Papers. No. 56— Butter Making in Ill- 
Farming — rdncation of Farmers — Sheep — Breeding 
—Milk Churning at the South 370, 371 
Orchard and Nursery in October 363 
Patent Department 369 
Plant, Fine Basket Illustrated . .384 
Plants for \7inter, Preparing 383 
Poultry House, Portable — 3 Illustrations.. 379 
Salt Marshes, Reclaiming 378 
Spring-Houses 3 Illustrations. . 380 
Tether, A Safe Illustrated. .376 
Walks and Talks Correspondence 369 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 130— Plowing— 
Clover Hay— Manure— Pigs 374, 375 
Water in house and Barn 3 Illustrations. . 371 
Water Trough for Barn-Yard Illustrated . . 377 
Wheat, Drill Sowing 378 
Wheat without Manure .375 
Windows in Horse Stables 378 
Winter Bouquets 383 
Winter Forcing of Lily of the Valley. .2 Illustrations. .384 
INDEX TO BASKET, 
Ashes, Value of Wood. . . 3601 
Baskets, Balloon hanging365| 
Bone Crusher 366 
Boat, How to Build 367 
Brick Machine 364 
Bulls for Breeders S 
Burlington Co.,N. J 365 
Calf, Dysentery in a 365 
Cheese Factories 365 
Chemical Fertilizers 367 
Clover in the South 367 
College of Vet'y Surgeons365 
Cook Book, Home 365 
Cotswold-Merino Sheep. 365 
Crops, Rotation of. 364 
Dairy Farm, Situation of 305 
Death of Dr. J. n. Slaek.305 
Draining Plow 364 
Eggs, Liming 307 
Farms, Prize 305 
Fruit Samples, Sending. 304 
Garget 305 
Goldsmith Maid 365 
Grayling 305 
Hedge for New Jersey. . .364 
OU SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Hedgers, Professional. ...367 
Humbugs, Sundry 365 
Leaf-mold for Wheat. . ..367 
Leaves, Gathering 365 
Limestone Water for 
Boilers 367 
Magnolia or not ? 364 
Manual < f Geology 364 
Manures, Composting... 366 
Meadow, Improving 366 
Merino Rams, Value of. . W6 
Nest Egg, How to make a367 
Ohio State Fair LZ3 
Petroleum 365 
Plow Beams, Wrought 
Iron 367 
Potatoes, Yield of Two.. 360 
Premium List 368 
Preserving Wood ZH7 
Sparrows CC8 
Such's Catalogue COO 
Tomatoes for Cows CG7 
Western Farmer and 
Stock Grower 3u7 
Wistaria C64 
Kvc or Wheat.— " J. N. J.," Middletown, 
Ohio. Upon an inferior soil, rye would be a better crop 
to sow than wheat. Wheat requites a more fertile soil 
than rye Id produce an :qual number of bnshels. Wheat 
etraw is generally considered better fodder than rye straw 
by those farmers who feed straw, but rye straw is less 
harsh or flinty, and is preferred by some on that account. 
But ''titer kind of straw is poor fodder, and should only 
be used to give needful bulk to other and more concen- 
trated food. In the market rye straw bears a value (for 
manufacturing pnrposes) little less than that of hay. 
Calendar for October. 
9 
F 
in 
S 
n 
s 
IS! 
M 
IK 
'1' 
14 
W 
15 
T 
16 
F 
17 
S 
IS 
* 
19 
M 
,"ii 
T 
21 
W 
22 
T 
23 
y 
9i 
s 
25 
s 
I'll 
M 
'.'7 
T 
:<s 
Vl 
'."i 
T 
:i:i 
W 
31 
I 
BO8ton,JE?I0rig- 
lancl.jy. York 
State, Michi- 
ga?i, Wiscon- 
sin. Iowa, an d 
Orerjon. 
"■ t * 
n.Mn.u 
5 57 5 42 
5 58 5 40 
5 59 5 39 
6 115 37 
6 2 :, SG 
6 35 34 
6 45 32 
6 55 31 
6 65 29 
6 852: 
6 9526 
6 10 5 21 
6 11 5 32 
6 13 5 21 
6 13 5 19 
6 14 5 1' 
6 15 
6 17 
6 18 
6 19 
6 20 
6 31 
6 22 
6 23 
6 26 
6 26 
6 ar 
6 38 
6 39 
6 30 
S2 
-is. 
TT. M. 
9 38 
10 40 
11 49 
moni 
56 
2 1 
3 4 
4 6 
6 6 
sets 
6 21 
G 48 
7 20 
7 58 
8 50 
9 51 
11 2 
morn 
10 
ISO 
346 
4 a 
51 5 21 
S| 6 41 
2, rises 
6 35 
9 7 28 
7 8 29 
10 47 
jr. r. at//, ct., 
Pfiiladelp/iia, 
A'ew Jersey, 
Penn., Ohio. 
Indiana, ami 
Illi?wis. 
n.M n.si 
5 m.o 43 
i 57:5 41 
i 58 5 40 
6 ii :> 38 
1 3 dl 
2 5 35 
S5 33 
4|5 32 
5 5 30 
615 28 
Ij5 27 
< 5 25 
)S 21 
G 10 
6 11 
G 12 
6 13 
6 15 
6 16 
6 1 
6 16 
6 19 
6 20 
6 21 
6 22 
2:, 
6 34 
25 
G a; 
6 27 
5 22 
5 19 
5 17 
5 1G 
5 14 
5 18 
5 12 
5 11 
5 9 
5 8 
5 fi 
5 5 
5 3 
5 f, 
5 1) 
4 59 
n. m. 
945 
10 47 
11 55 
mom 
1 1 
2 5 
3 6 
4 7 
5 6 
6 5 
pets 
6 25 
6 53 
7 27 
8 6 
857 
9 53 
11 8 
morn 
20 
1 34 
2 48 
4 2 
5 20 
6 38 
rises 
6 41 
7 35 
8 36 
9 44 
10 52 
Washington, 
Maryland, 
Virginia*. Ken- 
tucky. Mtssoit- 
ri, and CalU 
forma. 
n.M 
5 56 
5 57 
r, 5« 
5 59 
6 8 
6 9 
6 10 
6 11 
6 12 
6 13 
6 14 
6 15 
6 1G 
6 17 
6 18 
6 19 
f 20 
G 21 
6 32, 
6 23 5 
6 24 5 
G 25!5 
6 26 5 
PHASES OF THE MOON. 
3d Quart. 
New M'n 
1st Quart 
Full M'n 
3d Quart. 
BOSTON. 
N. YORK. 
wash'n. 
cha'ston 
CHICAGO. 
H. 3f. 
ra. sr. 
H. M. 
H. M. 
n. m. 
8 54 mo. 
8 42 mo. 
8 30 mo 
8 18 mo. 
7 48 mo. 
6 17 mo. 
6 5 mo. 
ri 53 mo 
5 41 mo. 
5 11 mo. 
8 45 nio. 
8 33 mo. 
8 21 mo 
8 9 mo. 
7 39 mo. 
2 37 mo. 
2 25 mo. 
2 13 mo 
2 1 mo. 
1 31 mo. 
9 16 ev. 
9 4 ev. 
8 52 ev. 
S 00 ev. 
9 10 ev. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, OCTOBER, 1874. 
If there is one admonition that is more timely than 
another just now, it is to push the fall work ahead. 
Some kiuds of work must be done whatever the 
weather may be. There is other work that may be 
postponed. Ont-door work may be done in the 
fine October weather, for half the cost that the 
same work would cost during sleet and cold rains 
in November. The forehanded man always has the 
most leisure. He is never in a hurry. Hurried 
work is always poorly done. The farmer who is 
hurried and behind time, works twice as hard as he 
needs to do, never has a leisure day, and yet loses 
money. Late sown or late gathered crops are 
always deficient, or defective in quality. With our 
magnificent autumn weather, there is no excuse for 
being caught with necessary work on hand, when 
snows and storms are in season. 
Hints about Work. 
Winter Wheat. — This crop should be in the 
ground by this time in the Northern States. In 
the Middle and Southern States, it may be sown 
this month. Where the fly is feared, a dressing of 
finely slacked lime in powder, copiously applied 
upon the field until the ground is white, has been 
found to greatly diminish the ravages of the pest. 
Where no manure has been applied, and top-dress- 
ing is required, it should be done as early as possi- 
ble. There is no danger of loss of any valuable 
portion of the manure. 
Eye may be sown early this month for the regular 
crop. For early spring pasture or soiling in the 
West or North, there is no more valuable crop. 
We have sown 5 bushels per acre the last of Octo- 
ber, for soiling purposes, with excellent results. 
In the Southern States good winter pasture may 
thus be provided. 
Corn Busking should be done without delay. 
Twice as much work may be done on a fine October 
day, as on a cold blustering day a month later 
The fodder is got in in a better condition, and corn 
stalks are too valuable feed to be wasted. The 
stalks should be bound in small sheaves, and shock- 
ed in large shocks. The larger the shock the les6 
the stalks arc exposed to the weather. Husking 
should be done by the bushel, and care taken to 
6ee that clean work is done, and that the stalks are 
well bound and shocked. Hall's husking gloves, 
which are now much improved, will be found a 
great help and protection to the hands. 
Potatoes.— In digging potatoes let them be expos- 
ed as little to the sun and air as possible. Dig as 
Boon as tops are dying or dead. There are several 
useful potato diggers made and sold at reasonable 
prices, which save time and labor. When potatoes 
are pitted, it i6 best to do the work thoroughly 
now, than make temporary heaps intending to 
complete them afterwards. In nine eases out of 
ten, this temporary business fails. A sudden hard 
frost comes unexpectedly, and these unfinished 
pits are injured. 
Live Stoclc generally should now receive more 
than usual care. Separate unthrifty animals 
from the rest, and nurse them up before the cold 
weather comes on. An unthrifty animal is shown 
by its hard rough hide, and the woe-begone expres- 
sion of its face. A blind man may pick out such 
an animal. Its character is apparent to the touch 
of the fingers. Young stock especially should be 
watched and well treated. Feed no poor animals 
over winter. Keep the best for breeding, and 
don't be tempted to sell them off and keep the 
poor ones. Beware, however, of suddenly enrich- 
ing the feed of poor animals. This should be done 
gradually. The digestive organs are closely related 
to the blood and life of the animal. Blood diseases 
certainly follow sudden changes of the feed, and 
none are more rapidly fatal in their effects. 
Weeds. — There is no month in the year while 
weeds are growing, in which they may not be fought 
with advantage. Burn everything in the shape of 
a weed that can be gathered at this season. There 
is no safety otherwise. They may be scattered 
upon the roads and trodden under foot, but the 
seeds are only put out of sight. They will appear 
again. When burned, however, there is no resur- 
rection for them. 
Keeping Accounts. — If no accounts have been 
kept upon the farm, it is a good time now to begin. 
Make a map of the farm, no matter how rough 
it may be. Measure every field as near as 
possible. Perhaps this may lead one to see the 
advantage of having fewer fences, and straight 
ones. Number or name every field, and oblige 
everybody about the farm to call each field by its 
number or name when speaking of it. Paste a 
copy of the map of good size upon the inside of 
the barn door. Start the accounts with the fall 
seeding, wheat or rye, and charge every field with 
the work, manure, and seed put upon it. One will 
be surprised to find what crops cost, if the market 
value of labor and manure are "included in the 
estimate. But it is this which will open the eyes 
of a farmer to the needs of his business. He then 
becomes a business man, and works on the only 
correct principles. 
Sundry Matters. — A list should be made of all 
work that must be done, and that which may be 
done. Fix a time for doing that which must be 
done, and stick to it. Do that which may be done 
in the intervals. This is how leisure is made. 
This is what is meant by looking ahead. There i; 
much now to be looked to ahead. It is needless 
to point out what these things are. No man is a 
true farmer who is ignorant of them, but many 
farmers fail to think of them in time. We do not 
pretend to tell a farmer everything that he must do, 
or how he must do it, our object is rather to remind 
him of many things that are freq.uently forgotten 
until it is too late. 
Work in the Horticultural Departments. 
By the middle of this month, nearly all the har- 
vesting will be finished in the Northern States. 
There will, however, be plenty of work after har- 
vesting. The plowing, draining, and cutting of 
brush and weeds, will give abundant employment. 
Though the days are 6hort, the cool weather now 
enables men to accomplish nearly as much in a day, 
