1865.] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
89 
while hot, X of a box of prepared gelatiue, and 
stir until dissolved. When cool, add a small table- 
spoonful of vanilla extract, and pour into moulds 
to cool. It 13 better made the day before needed. 
I>i<«lics for the Sick Koom— Crust- 
Porridge-— Coutributed by Liua May. Take a 
thick slice of bread, or what is better, a light-baked 
crust, aud boil it in a quart of water 20 minutes, 
adding a little salt. Season according to the condi- 
tion of the patient ; butter will improve the taste. 
■^Vatcr Oruel.— Mix 2 tablespoonfuls of 
wheat flour, 3 tablespoonfuls of Indian meal and 
1 te.aspoonful of salt with a little cold water, care- 
fully mashing all lumps. Pour this into 3 quarts 
water, and cook 40 minutes, skimming it occasion- 
ally. A few raisins thrown in while boiling im- 
prove the flavor, aud are usually harmless. 
Milk Gruel.— Prepare the same as water 
gruel, except using only 2 quarts of boiling water. 
Simmer for 20 minutes, stirring it often ; then add 
I quart of milk and let the whole scald five min- 
utes. Great care must be taken to prevent burning. 
Corn Bread.— Stir well together 1 pint each 
of water, Indian meal, and wheat flour, 1 table- 
spoonful of sugar or molasses, H teaspoonful each 
of soda and salt, and 1 teacupful of yeast bread 
sponge. Place it in a 2-quart basin that has been 
well greased, and let it stand in a warm place until 
light. Then set the basin in a steamer over a ket- 
tle of boiling water, and let it steam two hours, 
after which put it in the oven for 20 or oO minutes, 
to brown over, and dry out some of the moisture. 
]B®YS <& MM^^' mV^WM^. 
What Makes the Wind Blo^r ? 
If the qviestion were, *' Who makes the wind blow," 
all ovir young friends would have a ready answer ; they 
know that God controls all the forces of nature. But he 
uses means. The sun is His great wind-maker. To under- 
stand its action, think of the air as a great ocean like wa- 
fer, but much lighter, entirely surrounding the globe. The 
sun shines upon this ocean of air, and through it on the 
earih, liealing them both, and imparting most heat at 
the earth's surface. But the sun's rays shine more di- 
rectly down on some parts than on others, and therefore 
heal them more. Thus, it is always hotter in the re- 
ginn of tlie equator, than at the poles. Now heat expands 
a fluid, making it lighter, and when part of the air is ex- 
panded by heat, it rises, and the cooler, heavier sur- 
rounding air rushes in to fill its place, and thus wind 
is produced. The following simple experiment will show 
just how this works. Fill a large tin pail with water in 
which scatter some fine bread crumbs. Place a burning 
lamp under the middle of the pail, and the crumbs will 
soon begin to rise, carried up by the heated column of 
water, and then making a curve toward the siiles, will 
sink downward, and pass in a liorizontal direction along 
the bottom, just as wind drives along the earth's surface. 
In a room containing a hot stove, drop into the air in dif- 
ferent places bits of light cotton, or dry thistle blossoms, 
and you will see how the air is moving at each point. 
If tlie earth were all a plain, and each part received a 
regular Unchanging amount of heat through the year, the 
currents of air or winds wouhl always move in one direc- 
tion. Bat many things prevent this. The land is moie 
heated than the water by the sun's rays ; some soils also 
absorb heat more readily than others ; then at night and 
during cloudy weatlier when the source of heat is cut off, 
the heat is radiated or passed out unequally from different 
localities, and this produces variations in the currents. 
Mountains, and valleys also, change the courses of the 
winds, and other causes, such as the varying moisture in 
the air, and probably its electrical condition, still farther 
operate to cause them to slitft and change, so that no one 
can predict with certainty which way the wind will 
olow to-morrow, and *' fickle as the wind," has come to be 
a proverb. On the ocean where no mountains intervene, 
and where the heat is quite uniform, currents of air 
cidled trade winds blow steadily in one direction. Their 
course in the northern hemisphere is from north-east to 
south-west, in the southern hemisphere from south-east 
to north-west. These steady winds are of great service 
in navisation or trade, as ships are some times enabled to 
glide before them for weeks without changing a sail. 
New discoveries are being made almost every year, and 
perhaps at some lime in tlie future men may be able to 
foretell the direction of the wind ; at present, we can 
only tr7 and make the best of it from whichever quarter 
it comes ; though that is a little difficult on some March 
days, when it seems to blow from all quarters at once. 
Book-keeping: for Itoys and Oirls* 
The boys and girls' Cash Account Book described in 
the Jhn\iAi"^ A griculturist, has set many readers to think- 
ing. It is easy to tell what subjects interest our reailers 
from the letters received. We like to have tliem express 
their opinions fully in criticisms and suggestions, as well 
as in praise. One gentleman writes about the Cash 
Account, "I wish every boy and girl in the land were 
required to keep a neat and exact account of receipts 
and expenditures. It would induce habits of careful- 
ness, iniliistry and economy, that in a few years would 
tell on the welfare of the nation, for its moral as well as 
its financial prosperity." He suggests the following 
method of keeping the account, which has some advan- 
tages, being concise and economical, 
I 1664. Cash Account. 1864. 
Dr. II 
Decemtier. 
Cr. 
$1| 27 
To balance from hist month.... — 
By money for bail 
Money from Papa for leaves gath- 
ered. 16 bushels, (a) 2c 
Paid Sunday Sclicol Mi^s. Society.. 
Bpating Papa in diessing 
Gathering 4 bushels of leaves 
Contributed to sokliers Hospitals... 
Weekly allowance 
Admission to Museum 
Candy bought 
Balance carried to January 1865. 
$1 
The left hand columns are for the Dr. account, or 
money received, with a column for the date of the entries. 
The right hand for the Cr. account, or money paid out. 
Supposing the account for tlie month to be completed. 
I have stiuck the balance, which is ready to be carried lo 
the account for the next month. In this way eaeh page 
of the account book can be filled up. and no broad spaces 
left blank." The young beginner will be more likely to 
make mistakes by this method than in using the form 
given in January. This, however, will teach carefnlness, 
and so perhaps in the end be an advantage. Let no one 
be discouraged by mistakes ; the fact that they are made 
is the strongest reason for persevering, so that they may 
finally be avoided. 
XIic Ctire of tlie Di-nnkard* 
A man long noted for intemperate habits was induced 
by Rev. John Abbott, to sign the pledge "in his own way,*' 
which he did in these words, " I pledge myself to drink 
no more intoxicating drinks for one year.'* Few believed 
he could keep it, but near the end of ilie year he anain 
appeared at a temperance meeting, without having once 
touched a drop. *' Are you not eoin'^r to sign ai-ain ?'* 
asked Mr. Abbott. " Yes," replied he. if 1 can do it in my 
own way, and accordingly he wrote " I sign this pledge 
for nine Imndred and ninety nine years, and if 1 live to 
that time, I intend to take out a li/e lease .'" A few days 
after he called upon the tavern keeper, who welcomed 
him back to his old haunt. " Oh ! landlord," said he, as 
if in pain, " I have such a lump on my side 1" '' That's 
because you've stopped drinking," said the landlord, "you 
won't live long if you keep on."—" Will diink take the 
lump away ?"— " Ves, and if you don't drink you'll soon 
have a lump on the other side. Come let's drink togeth- 
er," and he poured out two glasses of wliiskey.— " I guess 
I won't drink," said the former inebriate, "especially if 
keeping the pledge will bring another lump, for it isn't 
very hard to bear, after all," and with this he drew the 
lump, a roll of greenbacks, from his side pocket, and 
walked off leaving the landlord to his sad reflections. 
Bragglng.--A foreigner who had heard of the 
Yankee propensity for bragging, thought he would beat 
the natives at their own game. Seeing some large w a- 
termelons on a market-woman's stand he exclaimed, 
"What! don't you raise larger apples than these in 
Ametica?" The quick-witted woman immediately re- 
plied. " Apples I any body might know you were a for- 
eigner ; them's gooseberries "• 
W^hat Kind of Puzzles to Send. 
Our young friends, and many not young in yeans, kind- 
ly send frequent contributions to the puzzle department, 
for which they will please accept oui' thanks. Of course 
all can not be published. Iheie would not be room for 
half of them, even if all were suiiable, and so the best 
are selected in addition to original ones furnished by the 
editor of this department. We invite our fi lends to send 
plenty more, to give a full assortment from which to 
choose. In every case send tlie correct solution with the 
problem, or puzzle. Let them he original ; if a spice of 
fun can be worked in, all the better. Rebuses and char- 
ades are not desired : enough are on hand to last a long 
time. Malliematical, Giammatical, Geogiaphical puz- 
zles, and others which instruct while they amuse, are 
most welcome. They should not be made too diflficult, 
but enough so to require thought, patience and persever- 
ance. Puzzles of various kinds, vvith strings, blocks of 
wood, etc., etc., are acceptable, if new, and will be 
properly illustrated, where it is desirable. 
Al>out Pnblisliing- Names. 
Up to the present time the names of those correctly 
answering the problems, etc., have been published in 
these columns. This gave pleasure to those who were 
successful, and we were happy thus to acknowledge 
their efforts. But recently the number has increased so 
much, that at the present rate we shall s«)metimes have 
to give up a large part of the boys and girls' columns 
to names alone, or not publish any. As ihe grcHtest 
good to the greatest number is our rule, we find we can 
not always give the names. The pleasure and benefit 
of studying out the puzzles will be just as great, how- 
ever, and there will also be room for more problems, 
stories, etc., to please all who love to read this part of 
the paper, and that we believe includes most readers. 
Ans-^rers to ProMems and Pnzzles. 
The following are answers to the puzzles, etc., in the 
February nnmber, page 55. No. 116. Historical Ques- 
tions.— \,R(}^enck ; 2, May 7th ; 3, Franconia — No. 
117. Aaron's Rod bore almonds No. 118. Illustratei 
Rebus. — Warm a ruin thousands and yet {in the end oj 
ten) ba b less eye in g \ or War may ruin thousands, and 
yet in the end often be a blessing.... No. 119. Mathemat- 
ical Problem.— '^one have answered tltis correctly, and 
it is left open for another month — No. 120. 1, Dublin; 
2, Concord; 3, Augusta; 4, Hartford.. . .No. 121. Math- 
ematical Rebus.~l owe to A a V (5) and ciphers three ; 
Owe ten to B and ninety unto D ; Now let some scholar 
cipher up and see, how great the snm I owe unto the 
three No. 122. CommrfrMm.— Because he is a sea king 
(seeking) what never existed. 
Ne"W^ Puzzles to l>e Ans-*vered. 
No. 124. Illustrated Rebus. — A very common proverb. 
No. 1-5. Mathematical Irohlem. — A circus company 
hired a triangular fieM each of wliose sides measured 
300 feet. 1st. How large in diameter can they make iheii- 
ring in the field ?— 2nd. How many feet o gioutidinii? 
No. 126. Curious tVorrf.— Wliat is the only word in the 
English language that can be written without pen, ink, 
pencil, or any other instrument? 
J^D 
No. 127. Illustrated iJciux.— What every body hopes for 
Ko. 128. Abbreviation.— Row c&r. you inquire after a 
person's health with only three letters? 
No. 129. Anagrams.— \, Nice red hams. 2, Go nurse. 
3, To sin far more. 4, Cover not a sin. 5, Move it cool. 
6, Miss no trains. 
No. loO. Conundrum.— What part of a fish is like the 
end of , the war ? 
No. 131. Mathematical Problem.— A garden lies In the 
form of an equilateral triangle measuring 100 feet on 
each side. A tower 25 feet high stands three feet from 
the center on a line toward one corner. How far is it 
from the top of the tower to each cornei? 
No. 132. Ethical Mathematics.— Suppose A, tells the 
truth 4 times out of 5 ; B. 5 times out of 6 ; C, 6 times 
out of 7. Then if A. and B, make a statement which C 
denies, in whose favor is the preponderance of truth? 
Please give solution and reasons with the answer. 
No. 133. Charade.— My first is insane ; my second is a 
vowel; my third gives light; my fourth Is a carriage, 
my whole Is an island. 
No. 134.— Purr/*.— 10015150 is what all young people 
should be, to gain the good opinion of others. 
