1865.] 
AMERICAN AQRICULTURIST. 
129 
vicious road thieves of his neighbors. No other town- 
ship in New-Jersey is found with a similar regulation. 
Another peculiarity will be noticed, the total absence 
of giog-shops, with gangs of Inafers congregated about 
their doors. The law erecting Landis township gave to 
the people the power of sa>-ing whether rum should be 
sold or not. So far, tliey have rigidly refused to have it 
among them, and the character of the settlers coming in 
will guarantee exclusion in future. The fine hotel which 
accommodates strangers, has been at no expense for 
either bar or toddy-stick. These two enactments were 
portions of Mr. Landis' original plan, and afford satis- 
factory evidence of the sound morals and practical good 
sense which he has brought to bear in carrying it out. 
No one can spend a day at this place without being 
strongly impressed in Us favor, nor converse with its 
proprietor without being struck with his remarkable ex- 
ecutive capacity. His whole enterprise of settling a 
tract of forty-five square miles of wild land has been 
conceived and carried out on the most comprehensive 
scale. It is now successfully established on what was 
three years ago a perfect solitude, by the energy of a 
single capacious mind. I have Been much of the process 
of making new settlements on the waste places of the 
earth, but no instance of methodical planning, of far-see- 
tag judgment, of just calculation, of greater ends from a 
great beginning, than Is here exhibited. The original 
plan, as it was transferred from the projector's mind to 
paper, can now be seen unfolded in all its symmetrical 
vaslness. Even the details are everywhere \isible, all of 
(hem in harmony with the whole. 
That these results have been actually realized, is shown 
by the rapid and astonishing success of the settlement. 
Families are daily coming in from a distance, and select- 
ing homes wherever they think best. As at the begin- 
ning, the proprietor continues to convey these locations 
at low prices and on liberal credit. Mere idle specula- 
tors, the men who buy but do not improve, were not 
wanted, and have been kept out. Many purchasers, be- 
ing well supplied with means, paid cash for what they 
bought ; but to many worthy families the credit given has 
proved extremely useful. 
The railroad from Camden through Milville and Glass- 
ooro', to Cape May, renders the spot accessible to all. 
Vineland is probably increasing as rapidly as any new 
town in the West. In March last lots were selling so 
rapidly as to insure the erection of forty new houses 
every month, or four hundred andeiglity per annum. No 
such annual growth as this was realized by William 
Penw in the early history of Philadelphia. These new 
buildings are not ephemeral structures, mere shanties to 
keep off sun and rain, such as one connects with the idea 
of a new settlement, but substantial and durable houses. 
Some of tliem are truly elegant, such only as would be 
built by men possessing means and taste. When the 
whole tract has been disposed of, the population of Vine- 
land will be 15,000. Now, the population of the entire 
county of Cumberland, in 1860, was only 22,605, so that in 
a few years more U will have been nearly doubled by the 
energy and enterprise of a single individual. 
Whichever way you turn, progress and improvement 
of some kind are visible. Here a new house is going up, 
there a new farm is being cleared. The settlement must 
become in the end an immense fruit garden. Its pro- 
ducts reach the two great cities, over cheap and rapid 
railroads, and command cash at generous prices. Its 
history shows the great public benefit that can be realized 
from the ownership of a vast tract by one man, when the 
man uses It and handles it as this tract has been managed. 
Such wholesale colonization may have been attempted 
by others, out it has nowhere been so successful as here. 
No ducal owner of hereditary acres, either in England 
or on ihe Continent, with an annual Income greater than 
the value of the fee of all Vineland. has ever undertaken 
a similar scheme of colonization. Such men devote their 
enormous wealth to acquiring more land, not to sharing 
their acquisitions with their less fortunate neighbors. 
Instead of clearing forests and letting in population to 
improve and beautify, and acquire permanent and happy 
homes, they pUnt the already cleared ground with trees, 
and shut population out, increasing the difficulty of the 
masses for acquiring even the smallest freehold. 
It has been left to a single American citizen to set before 
all others thus extensively endowed with land, an ex- 
ample which will add more largely to the sum of human 
happiness^ the oftener it may be imitated. 
As may be supposed, such a transformation as Mr. 
Landis has thus effected has powerfully affecte<l the con- 
dition and value of thousands of acres within miles 
around Vineland. Prices have risen, settlers are coming 
in from abroad, and the area of the great body of waste 
land is annually becoming lessened by the creation of 
new farms. The cloud of prejudice which overhung 
this portion of New-Jersey has been effectuiilly dis- 
persed. RailriKids have made it as accessible as any 
other region. Within two hours* ride of it there is a 
population of a million of consumers, whose consump- 
tion of its products must annually increase. Within 
such an atmosphere, these lands, which now sell at from 
$20 to $30 per acre, must rapidly rise in value until they 
reach the prices commanded north of Camden, where 
having enjoyed railroad facilities foralonger period, they 
bring from $100 to $800 per acre. 
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