AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
FOR THE 
H'a.rni, GrardLen, a^nd. Honseliolcl- 
"AGKIOULTUKE IS TUE MOST 1IEAI,T11FUL, MOST rsEFDL, AN1> MOST NOBIE EMl'LtfYSENt HF MAN."-\v.!ni»<iToi.. 
ORANGE JVDD, A.M., 
PUBLI8H£B AND PBOFBIBTOB. 
Olllce, 41 Park Row, (Times Buildings.) 
ESTABLISHED IN 1842. 
Published nleo in Gcrnian at Two Dollars a Year. 
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VOLUME XXIV— No. 5. 
NEW- YORK, MAY, 18G5. 
NEW SERIES— No. 220. 
Entered according to act of Congress In the year ISftl, by I 
Orangk Jtod, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of j 
the United Stiites for the Southern District of New-York. 
13?" Other Jouruiils are Invited to copy desirable articles | 
freely, {/■each article be credited to Ahierican AgricuUiirist. 
Contents for May, 1865. 
Advertising Tribune, Herald, etc 162 
Agricultural Department at Washington 145 
Beans— C ulture of 1 50 
Beans— Varieties of White 4 llluslralion3..lH 
Bess— Apiary in May 140 
Black Knot on Plum Trees 1.^6 
Bl.idder Nut Tree 2 Illustrations .AM 
Bog Land— Reclaiming. .II 147 
Boys and Girls' Columns— The Good News— Some- 
thing about the Hair— Be Acquainted with your 
Neighbors— Selfishness Properly Rewarded— .Ad- 
vice for Boys— My Mother- Problems and Puzzles 
—The Young Performers— About Keeping the Bal- 
ance—New York City at Night— Making a Tall Man 
Short 6 /;/us(ra(iDtt».. 159-160 
Bread— pictorial History of a Wheaten Loaf.,. 7«u». . 153 
Carpels— Suggestions about 157 
Carrots— Field Culture on Heavy Soils 151 
Clover Hay— Good Way to Cure 151 
Columbines— Notes on Illustrated. .156 
Cooking School— Bachelor's Wish Realized 158 
Corn Marker— A Good One Illustrated. .\i9 
Corn Seed-Method of Tarring 150 
Death of President Lincoln 144 
Farm Work in May 137 
Flower Garden and Lawn in May 139 
Flower Markets In New York City l.^S 
Fruit Garden in May 140 
Fruits— Nyce's Method of Keeping 155 
Furnilure- Hints on Varnishing 157 
Garden— Kitchen in May 139 
Garden— Little Things In 155 
Gas Tar— Uses and VaUie 150 
Glycerin— Nature and Uses 167 
Grafting-Herbaceous 7i(uj(ro(e(f ..154 
Grapery— Cold in May 140 
Grapes— Noles on Culture— Care of Vines- Mission— 
For Cold Climates— New Varieties- Mildew 155 
Grapes— Training on Ledges 151 
Green and Hot-Houses in May 140 
Hog and Cattle Raising— Relative Profits 146 
Horses-Turning out to Pasture 147 
Insects— Repelling Striped Bug 165 
Lily— Jacobean Illustrated. . 156 
Lily — Lilium auratum 153 
Manure— How to Pitch Illustrated. .\M 
Maps and Pictures— Mounting 157 
Market Reports and Commercial Notes 162 
Noles and Suggestions for May 137 
Orchard and Nursery in May 138 
Orcliard upon a Gravel Bed 151 
Oien, Working— Management of. 147 
Paeonies— Varieties and Cultivation 156 
Periwinkle, iVinca minor) /Hus(rale<i..l57 
Planting— Deep and Shallow 148 
Plowing Sward Ground 4 Illustrations.. Ui 
Plows— Draught of Light and Heavy 145 
Potatoes— How to Drop II. ustrated. .148 
Potatoes-How to Plant 146 
Potatoes— Planting Large and SmM.,., Illustrated.. US 
Polatoes- Tan Bark for 165 
Recipes— Unleavened Rye and Indian Bread — Boiled 
Indian Pudding— Scalded Meal Johnny Cake — 
Wheat and Indian Cake- Apple and Pie Plant— Rye 
and Indian Apple Pudding— Cooking without Milk 
— Pumpkin Pies— Custard Pies— Graham Biscuit — 
Poor Man's Pudding — Steam Pudding — Mock 
Sponge Cake- Apple Jonathan- Potato Cake — 
Breakfast Cake-Nice Breakfast Dish— Substitute 
for Cream-Rusks- Pop-Corn Puddijjg 158-159 
Seed Time Illustrated.. Ii2 
Sheep— Evils of Washing 147 
Sheep— Feeding with Grain 153 
Soils— Pulverization of Heavy 151 
.Soils— Renovating Sterile 148 
Strawberry Show nl A gricullurist Office 144 
Slrawbenies— New Mulch for ..151 
Sweet Polatoes- How to Cultivate 154 
Tim Bunker's Visit to Titus Oiks, Esq 150 
Tobacco— Care of Seed Beds IJl 
Tomatoes— Method of Training 164 
Trees— How Nature Plants 151 
Weeding Hoe — Atlams' Patent Illustrated. .149 
Weeds — Eradicating from Fence Rows.. 149 
INDEX TO " BXaKET," OB SHORTBR ARTICLES. 
Advertisement, Free 141 
AgricuUural Implements 141 
Agriculturist, Loaning.. 143 
Beans, Colored 143 
Beef for Soldiers 142 
Bees, How to Hive 144 
Buckthorn Seeds 142 
Butter, Preserving.. . . 142 
Camellias, Fine 143 
Carrots, Mowing Tops.. 141 
Chickweed 143 
Corn Husks Wanted .... 143 
Cows, Kicking 142 
Currant Worm 141 
Dogs In New Jersey 142 
Downing's Book 141 
Earth Glasses 143 
Farmer, Extensive 143 
Farmers' Manual 143 
Fences, Gates and Posts. 142 
Flax and Hop Books.. ..144 
Grape Trellises 143 
Grapes In Spring 143 
Grapes, Isabella. 143 
Glass Seed, Covering. . .142 
Hard Soap 143 
Horse, Diseased 141 
Ice Cream Freezer.. .... 141 
Insects, Unseasonable. .143 
Laborers, Farm 144 
Law Needed 143 
Lice on Cattle 142 
Locust for Timber . ...142 
Manetti Sl.iek 143 
iMangoes Described ... .143 
Maps. Lloyd & Co's. ...144 
Meadows. Pasturing.. . .141 
Meat. Keeping Smoked. 143 
Music. Good 141 
Newspapers. Many 143 
Onion Growing 143 
Onion Sower Wanted ... 143 
Onions, Poor 143 
Photographs. Animal.. .. 141 
Picture Alphabet 143 
Plasterer Gypsum 14'2 
Potato, Early Shaw,. ..141 
Poultry Show 141 
Poultry Statement 142 
Primrose. Chinese 143 
Pumps, Best Kind 143 
Quince for Stocks 143 
Rose, Buchanan's 143 
gheep. Beans for.; 142 
Sheep Convention 141 
Sheep Dipp'g Cnmpoundl42 
Sheep, Old for Wool,.. .142 
Sheep Owning Lambs. ..142 
Sheep, Profitable 142 
Sheep Pulling Wool.... 142 
Sheep. Stretches 142 
Spavin in Horses 141 
Squash, Large Yield 143 
Strawberries Sent out.. 144 
Sweet Potatoes 144 
Syrup from Corn 142 
Trees, Diseased Apple.. 142 
Trumpet Honeysuckle. . 143 
Vineland Lands 141 
Wild Morning Glory 143 
Notes and Suggestions for the Month. 
In our latitude, May is the month of toil and 
care with farmers. Tlie weather is variable, and 
they are in the midst of seed time. In addition to 
the labors of the field, stock of all kinds require 
more personal attention than at any other time. 
From the early dawn of day till night, good 
farmers find enough to do, in planting corn, 
potatoes, sorghum, roots, etc., and preparing 
the ground for other crops. Besides, grass 
seed, gypsum, lime and ashes are to -be sowed 
this month; and the farmer must bestir himself 
and see that nothing is neglected. " What- 
ever is worth doing at all is •worth doing 
well." If you slight plowing, harrowing, or 
any kind of preparation of the soil, failure or 
partial success may be expected. Farmers are 
co-workers with Nature, and must do their own 
part well ; and they can not do their work over 
again, if it is has been poorly done. The soil 
must be properly prepared, and good seed must 
be put in, for the best treatment that the crops 
can have will not make up for negligence and 
inattention to these preliminary operation?. 
Animals. — Every animal needs as much at- 
tention and as good care this month, as during 
the winter. See that they all have a good sup- 
ply of feed regularly, at least twice a day, ac- 
cess to clean water and salt, and a comfortable 
place to stand and lie in. Cold, wet ground at 
this season of the year often produces colic, 
scours, or some other disease, which might be 
prevented by keeping stock in comfortable 
quarters, until the ground becomes quite warm. 
Ewes will bo yeaning this month, and should 
receive personal attention — not of heedless 
boys, but of careful men, and there is no eye 
like that of the owner. Watch breeding animals 
closely, whose time is near, visiting them late 
at night and early in the morning. A little 
timely aid will often save a valuable animal. 
It is bad policy to feed cows short just before 
they are turned to grass. If possible, feed some 
cut roots daily, to prepare thorn for green feed, 
and to keep up the flow of milk. 
Beeves. — Increase the quantity of meal a few 
pounds per head, every dii}'. If the weather be 
pleasant, allow fattening bullocks or dry cows 
to exercise in a small yard, several hours daily. 
As the warm weather comes on, their thrift 
will be promoted by carding, as often as once a 
day. As soon as grass is large enough, let them 
graze about an hour daily; tlien return them 
to the yard; but do not diminish the quantity 
of meal. At this period, beeves will fatten 
very fast, if managed rightlj-. If meal be dis- 
continued they will not fatten much, till their 
bowels become accommodated to green feed. 
Buildings. — Remove earth and manure from 
sills, or other wood work of buildings. Paint 
in cool damp weather, so that the oil will re- 
main on the surface, and not be absorbed by the 
dry and porous wood. AVhen buildings settle 
unevenly, let them be levelled up at once, as 
standing on an uneven foundation strains every 
part and breaks the nails and cracks the walls. 
Birds. — Spare the birds, for they are great 
benefactors to farmers and gardeners. Do 
nothing to frighten them from your grounds ; 
they destroy legions of insects that are ready 
to injure your fruit and fruit trees. 
Bee.s. — The profits attending bee-kecjiing, 
ought not to be disregarded. Abundant direc- 
tions are given in " The Apiary" every month. 
Bones. — Collect every bone possible; pay 
poor children for collecting them in the village; 
(25 cents per bushel will p.ay them well, antl 
you too ; and they will be glad to do it for less). 
Calves. — Give calves a comfortable yard or 
pen, whether raised by hand or the cow. Con- 
fined in close quarters, the floor beneath should 
be cleaned often and littered abundantly. It 
is as cruel as unprofitable to keep them tied 
in cold, filthy places. Two calves may often be 
profitably raised on one cow. Always scald or 
cook meal for young calves, before mingling it 
with any kind of milk or feed, as raw meal is 
very liable to produce scours. 
Carrots. — Do not ftiil to sow early, some long 
Orange or white Belgian in well prepared soil. 
Put in at least a quarter of an acre, aud belter 
all you can take care of. 
Cranherries. — If swamp laud has been " pared 
and burnt," the present is tlie best time to 
plant cranberries. Obtain the plants, free from 
weeds, in any productive cranberry swam!i, and 
set them uniformly all over the land, from M to 
18 inches apart. The land should be so Ijta'.ed 
that it may bo flowed in winter. 
Cmm. — The season at the East is early. I'here 
is danger of a cold May. Have at hand early 
maturing seed, to plant in case that first planted 
fails. It is poor policy to be in haste about 
planting corn. It comes up much surer and 
does better, planted after the ground is warm, 
when hot weather is not far in the future. 
^Bsm. 
SSEHBi 
