AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
FOR THE 
FariTL, Grardeii, a^nd. HConseliolci. 
■AGKIOULTUUE 18 TUB HOST IIEALTUPCL, MOST USEFUL, AND MOST NOBLE EMPLOYMENT OP MAN."-W..in»o»<i., 
ORANGG JUDD, A.M., 
PUBLISHER AND PKOPRIETOR. 
O/Hcc, 41 Park Row, (Tmiea Buildings.) 
ESTABLISHED IN 1842. 
Published also In Gcruiau at Two Dollars a Year. 
I 81.50 I 
] SING 
' 4 Copies! 
PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE 
SINGLE NUMBER, 15 CENTS. 
I Copies for $ 5 ; 10 for S 13; 20 or more, Jll each. 
VOLUME XXIV— No. 8. 
NE^V-YORK, AUQUST, 18G5. 
NEW SERIES— No. 223. 
Entered accordlii;: to act of Congress in Ilie year lSt)4. by 
Dr.^nge Judd. in tlie Clerli's Office of tlie district Court of 
elie United States for tJie Southern District of New-York, 
ty Otlicr Journals are invited to copy desirable articles 
freely, (/"eacii .irtieln be credited to American AuricuUxirUt. 
Contents for August, 1865. 
Ameiican Extravagance in Living 254 
Bain Plans Wanted— $300 Piemium Offered 239 
IJees — Apiary in August 236 
Blackberry Wine and Syrup 254 
Boys and Girls' Columns—Notes on Getting Fire — 
Boy in a Pie'licament— Proper Musical Instrument 
— President Lincoln's Sympathy — The Hurt Chicken 
— Problems and Puzeies— Who are the Benevolent ? 
— Aikwriglit and the Spinning Jenny— Tlie Old Flag 
in Balliuioie— Good and Bad Apples— A Ger.Tian 
Tradition B Illustrations . .^bb-i^lS 
Dread, etc., from Wheaten Meal '.!a4 
Breeding Animals— Slaughter of 247 
Cows— Maintaining Full Flow of Milk 2'13 
Cranberiy Cullivation— Practical Expeiience 250 
Doors— Remedy for Sagging 254 
Exhihilions— Times and Placesof Holding 25S 
Farm Work in August 253 
Fences and Higliwav Cattle 242 
Flower Gaiden and i,awn in August 235 
Fly Poison- A Caution S54 
Fruit Garden in August 235 
Garden-Kilchen in August 234 
German AgiicuUuiist— Terms Changed 239 
Grain Ciadles — Best Form 2 Illustrations.. i-iO 
Grain — Different Modes of Binding Illustrated. .^-iG 
Gl'ain— Raking and Binding 240 
Giape Vines— New Disease 261 
Grape Vines— Pot. and Open Culture. 2/f/Ms/ra;i07is. .249 
Grapes— Cold Grapery in August 235 
Green and Hot-IIouses in August 235 
Harvest— Secuiiiig Illustrated.. 2i^ 
Harvest Time Now and Formerly 247 
Hay— Carrying by Hand Illustrated. .24i 
Hay-Fork for Oxen— Hutchinson's Illustrated.. 2H 
Manure Tank and Cesspool Illustrated. .245 
ftlarket Report and Commercial Notes 258 
Notes and Suggestions for August 233 
Orchard and Nursery in August 234 
Pea«— liarvesling 243 
Pickles— Noles on Making 253 
Plow- Attachment for Turning Weeiis. . Illustrated. .'244 
Plow— Hutchinson's Improved 2 Illustrations . .145 
Ph>\virig Gi.ien Ci-ops for Manure Illustrated. .H4 
P. O. Money Orders— Where Given 239 
Poultry— Group of Asiatic Fowls Illustrated. .^41 
Recipes— Soft Sorghiun Cake— Gingerbread— Extra 
Pud<ling—E2g Puffs-Steamed lu'lian Pudding— To 
Remove Lime Spots from Cloth — To Prevent Stoves 
Ru>ting—To ICeep Steel from (lusting '254-255 
Recreation and Visiting among Farmers 253 
Sailing Slock, and Salting Hay 240 
Sanitary Coinmisi-ion and the People 253 
Sheep Lauiel (Kalmia angusti/olta) . i ... Illustrated. .249 
Sheep— Management of lloot Rot '242 
Shruli— Dovible Deutzia Illustrated. .252 
Soda Wash for Fruit Tiees 253 
Soil— Keep Boston the Surface Illustrated. .24i 
Sorghum as a Green Fodder Crop 240 
Strawberries— Notes on 252 
Trees— Felting ; Problems Proposed. . ..//ftisfraffrf. .240 
Turnips Sown in August 241 
Weed— Field Horse Tail 4 Illustrations.. ibO 
Weed— Toad Flax Illustrated.. 2a2 
Western Agricultuie ..246 
INDEX TO "BASKET," OK SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Advertising Pages 230 
Agricultural Report 237 
Agriculture at Yale 236 
Ant Hills 238 
Barnnm's Display '239 
Bees. Italianizing '208 
Blackberry, Wilson 237 
Bl.ackKnot 2.W 
Cabbage Seed 2.37 
Canker Worms 238 
Catalogues Received... .239 
Chuin.'Besl 237 
Churning 2;;7 
Currants, Dried 238 
Currants, Large 237 
Currant Wornt 237 
Death, A. O. Mooie 237 
Death, Buckminsler 239 
Death, J. Paxlon. '2.37 
Fair Xoierican lDilitute.23G 
Fair, Notices 239 
Farms, Locating 237 
Flag Leek 237 
Foreign Intelligence 237 
Frog Exhibition 237 
Fruit Jars 237 
Grape Mildew 237 
Grapes, Fine 239 
Grapes, lona, IsraeHa...237 
Grapes, Training 239 
Horticultural Humbug.. 237 
Horticultural Register. .237 
Hyacinths, l*runing 239 
Leaky Teats 2:M 
Live Oak 238 
Manures, Phosphalic. . .2^8 
Merchants' Exchange 17.2.''.8 
Milk. Cooling 239 
Peach. Hale's 239 
Plants Named 239 
Potato Beetle 239 
Potatoes, Productive 238 
Shingles, Laving 238 
Silk Worms in France. .23!! 
Soldiers' Claims 230 
Sorgo Machinery 237 
Sleet Traps '. 238 
Slings, Remedy 238 
Strawberry Queries. 
Sti'awberries in Engla 
...237 
nd.237 
... 239 
Te 
To 
Th 
Wh 
lis. Removing... 
mato Seed 
■ips or Fritters. .. 
eat Rnii^lilnn ... 
...237 
...237 
...237 
Worhl's Fair 
...230 
Notes and Suggestions for the Month. 
August is often a very pleasant, but often a 
distracting montli for tlie farmer. The summer 
may just begin to be very bard upon the pas- 
tures and crops. AVells and springs may be 
very low. Or rains and mucky weather may 
rust the grain, and must the h.ay and hinder work 
dreadfully, and many things may be perplexing 
and making extra work. Summer fruit is rip- 
ening, and fruit orchards need particular 
attention. Gunners and flocks of neighbors' 
turkeys are trespassing, paying little heed to the 
laws they break or the damage they do. The 
farmer has emphatically his hands full — so 
many "irons in the fire" that some will burn 
unless he uses patience, promptness and discrim- 
ination, and is not worried by unavoidable 
circumstances, however annoying. 
Cows. — Read the article on maintaining the 
flow of milk on another page. Farrow cows, 
that .are to be fattened in the fall, should be 
dried off at once, so that they may get in good 
condition before cool weather. It is folly to 
think of ftittening an old, farrow cow while she 
is milked. To dry a cow off in the shortest 
time, milk only enough to relieve a painful dis- 
tention of her udder. This will soon prevent 
the secretion of milk. 
Calves. — Wean calves gradually. " Restrict 
their allowance to one teat per day. Then al- 
low them to suck only a part of the'milk in one 
teat. After a few days longer, let them suck 
only once a d.ay for a week. Then, once in two 
days for a week ; then once in three days. By 
this time, if they have been managed as directed 
on page 1C9 of the June number, they may be 
weaned with little disturbance from either dam 
or calf, and without growing poor, as they al- 
ways do , when weaned abruptly. 
Colts. — Spring colts as well as calves should 
be weaned generally in August. Confine them 
in a small, clean enclosure, where they cannot 
run much; and let them suck twice a day; 
then once ; then once in two days ; then once 
in three days. Sec that colts and calves do not 
lack a good supply of clean -water and good 
grass, or fine hay, and salt. 
Corn. — Indian corn is now too large to allow a 
horse-hoe among it. Pull up all weeds and 
thistles near the hills, antl set erect those stalks 
that wind and storms have prostrated, and hill 
them sufficiently to keep them up. Tlie brace 
roots will soon hold them, and the cars will fill 
ranch better than if they were lying down. It 
is always important to attend to this work be- 
fore the brace roots are formed. 
CaiTots. — Suffer no weeds to grow among 
them. Stir the ground frequently between the 
rows, and if they need manure, apjily it in a 
liquid state with a watering pot, while rain is 
falling, so that it will not injure the leaves. 
AsTies. — Save wood as well as coal ashes. At 
some asheries, the leaches are shoveled into a 
river. It will pay well to collect them in large 
heaps, and cover the wet ashes with boards so 
that they will dry out by next winter, when 
teams may haul them to the fields where they 
are to be sjircad. They are greatly valued in 
the older parts of the country, and should be. 
A2yp!es. —Confino swine or sheep in apple or- 
chards to consume the wormy fruit as it falls, 
before the larvte escape. Picking it up by hand 
every few days, and burning or burying in a 
heap of compost with lime, will destroy them. 
Buildings. — Examine the roofs for leaks. A 
crack in a shingle directly over a joint in the 
course next below it, frequently lets rain 
through the roof where shingles are good. A 
heavy coat of coal tar applied to a roof will 
sometimes stop all leaks. Fasten all loose 
boards and siding on houses and out-buildings 
before they become more warped and looser. 
Barley. — Secure it from alternate storms and 
sunshine, if possible, before the straw is nearly 
spoiled for fodder, and the grain injured by 
wetting and drying. Secure barley straw, as 
soon as threshed, for fodder. 
ButUr. — See that all milk vessels are veil 
scalded and sunned without fail, daily. ATbere 
cream cannot be churned daily, keep it cool as 
possible with ice. AVork thorotiglily, salt well, 
and sprinkle a spoonful of clean white sugar 
between the layers, .as they are packed. See 
thixt milkers clean not only the udder and adja- 
cent parts, and their hands also before milking. 
Draining. — Improve the dry weather in 
draining swamps and springy places, where 
there is so much water at other seasons of the 
year, as to hinder digging. Fill ditches already 
dug, before fall rains occur. 
Save Troughs. — Where the water is not col- 
lected in cisterns, give eave troughs a liberal 
smearing with coal tar, whether metallic or 
wood. See that water and dirt do not stand in 
tliem in fair weatlier. Put up eave troughs to 
carry water from manure yards, as well as 
from the walls on which a building rests. 
Bgg.% — Collect them daily. Change the nest 
eggs often. An egg will be spoiled by allowing 
it to remain in a nest for a few days, where 
hens are laying. Put thein;little end down in 
oats in a cool, but not damp, place. Go into 
a dark room and pass the eggs, two or three in 
each hand, before a lamp ; and if the shells are 
clean, bad ones can be detected at once. 
Food. — Farmers pay too little attention to 
their daily food. A laborer can not long en- 
dure vciy hard work unless he is fed well. 
