AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
FOR Tiia 
Fgiriii, Grgircleii, a^nd. Honseliold-. 
"AOKIOULTtTRE 18 TUE MOST HEALTHFUL, MOST 08F.FCL, ANI> MOST NOBLE EMPLOYMENT OF MAN."-W»<3:iiiitjs. 
ORAXOE JUDD & CO., 
PUBLISHERS AND PROPRIETOK8 
Office, 41 Park Row, (Tlmea Buildings.) 
ESTABLISHED IN 1842. 
Fubllslied also in German at S1.50 a VtaV, 
«1.50 PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCB 
SINGLE NUMBEK, 15 CENTS. 
4 Copies for 9 5 ; 10 Tor S 13; ao or more. 9 1 each 
VOLUME XXIV— No. 10. 
NEW- YORK, OCTOBER. 1865. 
NEW SERIES— No. 225. 
Entered according to act of Congress In the year 1864, by 
Ohangk Judd. in the Clei'lc's Oflice of tlie Disti-ict Court of 
tlie United States for the Southern District of New-York. 
?y Otlier Journals are invited to copy desirable articles 
freely, if each article be credited to American AgricuUnri-st. 
Contents for October, 1865. 
Advice Asked and Given 310 
Agriciiitnrai Dei>artinent at Washington — Strategy. ..311 
Apple— The Porter.. lUustraled .315 
Autumn Leaves and Fruits 315 
Barnyard— IIovv to Make Good 306 
Bees— Apiaiy in October 299 
Bones— C<dleciing and Grinding 30fi 
Boot Legs-Use for Old 318 
Boys and Girls' Cotumiis — Enjoyments at Home — 
About Weights and Me:tsures— Do you Know How 
to Reati ? — Evading High Postage Rates— Puzzles 
and Priiblems — A Stitcli in Time— The Invenlor of 
Sewing Machines— A Kind Ant Rewarded — Portrait 
of Chief Justice Chase— Singular Features in a 
Landscape 4 Htuslrations.. 3i9~^-0 
Broom Com — Breaking Down and Cutting 3U7 
Buckwheat— Harvesting IHuslratetl.. 310 
Bulbs— Notes on Spring Flowering 2 Iltttxtrations,.3lii 
Cabbages and Cauliflowers in Cold Frames 311 
Charlock or Field Mustard— Exterminating 307 
Cheese from Few Cows 313 
Drains — Making with Plank 2 I Uustrationa ..30S 
Embroidery— New and Beautiful 318 
Exhibition— N. Y. State Agricultural Society 304 
Enhibitious— Agr'l— Times and Places of Holding 301 
Farm Wuik in October 297 
Flies— T.) Get Hid of 313 
Ftower Garden and Lawn in October _..*299 
Flower Pus and Green- Houses Illustrated'.. 3U 
Flowers — Datura arlmrta Illustrated. .313 
Fruit Garilen in Ocluber 299 
Fruit Picking and Fruit Pickers 3 Illustrations . .305 
Garden Edgings— Plants for 313 
Garden - Kilchen in October 298 
Garden Oriiatneiil — Datura arborea Illustrated. .313 
Glanilers and Farcy — Symptoms of Illustrated. .309 
Grapes and Grape Culture— Notes on.. 311 
Grapes — CoM Grapery in October 299 
Green and Hoi -Houses in October 299 
Green Corn — To Remove from the Cob 318 
Knots— Biiwliiic, Farmers', etc 6 Illustrations. .305 
Lavender— CiiltivatMU Illustrated. .3\3 
."Wantire Pile — How to Increase 306 
Mailiet Report and Commercial Notes 309 
Notes and Siiijgesiioiis for October 297 
Olives imd OliieOil Illustrated 3n 
Orchard and Nursery in October 298 
Oxen Profitable Teams 308 
Painting ol.l Wood Work 317 
Pear Culture— Is it Profitable? 314 
Potatoes — How to Dig 307 
Piiuiiry--Black Spanish Fowls. Illustrated. .309 
Preiniuins for l^UO 300 
Recipes, etc. — Bread at Sea— Christmas Pudding 
williout Eg'^s — H.ird Molasses Clingerbread — Mo- 
lasses Sponpje Cake— To Clean Geese — Best Meth- 
od for Keeping Beef 313 
Sqii.asli, New— Custard Marrow 2 Illustrations. .3{1 
Tomato — Libel on olS 
Tionl and oilier Fish — Breeding. 3 Illustrations . .3t2 
Weed— The Indian M-.illow Illuslrated. .3H 
Wheal Plant- Haljit of Growth 2 Illustrations . .30i 
INDEX TO "BASKET," OR SHORTEtt ARTICLES. 
Adverlisemeiits. Note... 304 
Ag'l Colleges in South.. 3ii3 
Agr'l Deparlment 303 
Bees, Prolific Queen... 30J 
Blackberry Vines 301 
Bone Cliarcoal 302 
Box Suhslitule 303 
Buck wheal Mulch 302 
Bulb Cataloliues 'M:i 
Bushel, Contents of 303 
Cabbage, Lirge 303 
Chicken, Precocious.. .302 
Cider, Good 3U4 
Columliine Seeds Poison30H 
Corn, Tall 303 
Currant Worms 303 
Dahlia Seed. Sowing... .303 
Death, W. J. Hooker. . .303 
Draining Clay Soil . ...302 
Feed, Mixing Cut Sli2 
Flower Seed, Prize 303 
Eucalyptus resinifera. ..303 
Fruit House. Detroit 303 
Graiies, Fine Delaware 302 
Grapes, Preserving 302 
Heaves, Remedy for. ...302 
Hellebore, While, Black.303 
Hollyhocks, Keeping 303 
Hog Disease in Virginia. 302 
Honey Humbug 304 
Humbug. New 303 
III. State Fair 304 
Kosinos, Humbuf 301 
Laid&Tobaccoon Trees302 
Lilies, 20,000 303 
Live Stock Markets 304 
N. E. Aa'i Fair 304 
N. E. Wool Growers... .304 
N. Y. State Fair 304 
O. Judd & Co 301 
Osage Orange Seed 303 
Poullry Reports 302 
Premium, Note 304 
Professor Tucker 303 
Radish Culture 303 
See's Ag'l Societies 303 
Soil, Renovating Barren.302 
Soot as Manure 302 
Sorghum. Early Kii)d...3o3 
Stocks. Wild Cheri7 302 
Tree Digger, Harknes8*.302 
Verbenas, Seedling 303 
Veterinary College 302 
Wine Making 304 
Notes and Suggestions for the Month. 
Grain lias ripened .and h.is been gathered by 
the careful husbandman, seeds of wild plants 
neglected by man, are matured and being scat- 
tered, ready to be covered with fiilling leaves, 
or already hidden in crevices of the soil, from 
which new life will awaken at the touch of 
Spring ; insects have taken their winter-form ; 
the birds are hastening to more genial climates, 
and every thing warns the provident farmer to 
finish what yet remains under his hand. It is 
not too late to save much vexatious labor next 
year, by cleaning up hedge rows, and clumps 
of weeds, which should be burned to destroy 
the ripened seeds. If crops are all housed, 
ilraining now where needed may give a week's 
start in the season of plowing. — The present 
prices of grain may continue, but if gold comes 
down as it should, and ultimately must, those 
who have threshed and marketed their grain 
early, will have most satisfactory returns. — 
Thanksgiving is but few weeks distant, and the 
best fattened poultry will bring top prices. Let 
our readers take the hint, and have their tur- 
keys, chickens, geese and ducks read}'. In fine 
" What thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy 
might," for the chilling storms will soon herald 
the approach of Winter. 
Agricultural Reading.— The days are now 
shortening and the nights lengthening. If a 
farmer is diligent and ambitious, lie can find 
at least a few hours daily, to read. 
Animals. — Feed fattening animals well this 
month, as they will fatten much faster before 
cold weather comes on. Store animals of all 
kinds also need particular attention, feed them 
well and protect them from storms. 
Barns. — See that no corner, or portion of the 
foundation rests on the ground, or is exposed to 
wet that will shortly cause decay. Sometimes 
a projecting corner stone will conduct rain in- 
wards against the sill, and rot it in a few years. 
Beans. — Read about beans in the calendar for 
last month, and gather all that may yet re- 
main in the field without delay. 
Beets. — Pull up all small ones where they 
stand nearer than six inches from center to 
center. They are excellent food either boiled, 
or pickled, and are good for milch cows. 
BuMer.— Now is the best time to pack butter 
for next winter. See that jars, or tubs are 
thoroughly cleansed. A spoonful of clean, 
white sugar to a pound of butter, put in at the 
last working, will improve the quality even of 
good butter, and cause it to bring a higher price. 
Calves and Colts. — Give colts and calves good 
feed, access to salt and pure water daily, and a 
shed during cold storms. It is ruinous policy 
to allcw young animals to grow poor in autumn. 
Carrots. — Wlien a leisure hour is available, 
summon all hands to the carrot patch and pull 
up every weed, and thin them where they 
stand too thick. Carrots will grow rapidly this 
month, if tlie soil is loosened and weeds pulled. 
Cows. — Milch cows will very likely need a 
little extra feed, or their full flow of milk may 
not be maintained. Let them have the benefit 
of the best pastuj'cs, when there is any choice. 
If fed four quarts of wheat bran or com meal 
daily, or two quarts of the two mixed, the 
quantity of milk will be increased. 
Corn. — Cut up the stalks at the roots, before 
dead ripe; but before cutting go through the 
field and select ears for seed, tjing a red string 
around those ears that ripen first. If 3'ou desire 
to procure seed of a neighbor, now is the best 
time to do it. Seed corn should never be set in 
large stooks, nor put in cribs with other car.s. 
As soon as fit to husk, braid it by the husks 
in long strings, and suspend with wire, so that 
mice and red squirrels can not reach it. 
Draining. — Make as much iinder-drain this 
month as practicable. (See article on Draining 
with Planks on page 308.) 
Eaue-Trntif/Ii.-i. — Put up eave-troughs on every 
shed and building where there are none, and see 
that leaves and sediment do not obstruct th*m. 
Fences. — Repair poor, and low portions 
around grain fields, as animals — even when not 
unruly — are often tempted to get over a poor 
fence, if they see better feed on the other side 
Fallows. — Keep scarifiers moving on fallow 
ground to prevent weeds going to seed. 
Oraiit. — If threshing is to be done before 
winter, have the grain in readiness to take ad- 
vantage of any temporary advance in prices. 
A few hours' labor in putting grain through the 
fanning mill a second time, will souielimcs in- 
crease its vtilue 3 or 4 cents per bushel. 
Oranaries. — Give them a thorough cleaning 
before new grain is put into them. 
Gypsum m,ay be sowed in the early part of 
this month on winter grain, or j'oung grass. 
ITaT/ StacA:9. — See that every stack turns the 
rain well. If they need re-topping, procure 
some long straw, if possible, to cover the top. 
(Read about topping off stacks in Sept. number.) 
Horses. — Let working horses be stabled dur- 
ing cold and stormy nights. They will not eat 
grass all night. When they work all day, turn 
them to grass two hours at night, and early in 
tlie morning, and they will do better, and not 
destroy half as much grass with their feet. 
One cold and stormy night in Octol)er will in- 
jure a tender horse more than a month's work. 
Ilogs. — Feed well Avith cooked meal and fruit, 
or vegetables. Let fattening swine and brood 
sows have access, at all times, to clean water, 
dry apartments, and a small plot of clean and 
dry ground. Swine are naturally much neatei 
in their habits than horses and neat cattle. 
