318 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
fSr.PTEM.BER, 
Contents for September, 1869. 
Among the Salt Meadows Illustrated. . 336 
Apples— The Surprise 33!) 
Australian Glory Pea Illustrated. 331 
A Word to Farmers about Selling their Produce 326 
Blackberries 339 
Boys' and Girls' Columns— How to Get a Farm— Ways 
of Gettinga Living -The Doctor's Talks- Almnt Mak- 
ing a Fire — A Horticultural Doll— New Puzzles to he 
Answered — ''Little Mischief" — Items — Answers to 
Problems and Puzzles 6 Illustrations. 343-344 
Chestnut as an Ornamental Tree Illustrated. .340 
Clustered Leucothoo Illustrated ■'■'■': 
Commercial Fertilizers — Honest Dealer 306 
Corn Fodder— How to Save it 331 
Death to Half-bred Males 300 
draining Large Swamps 334 
Drying-housea for Fruit 340 
Farm Work for September , 318 
Fairs— State and County 300 
Filling Tile Drains lllustratt *l :; 13 
Flower Garden and Lawn in September 319 
Fowl-houses — Cheap and Convenient. .3 Illustrations.. 882 
Fruit Garden in September 319 
Garden Edgings 7 Illustrations.. 33S 
Green-house and Window Plants in September 319 
Horses — " Cassius M. Clay, Jr." Illustrated. .317 
Household Department — The Tabic— Order and Orna- 
ment—Citron and Citron Melon — Feather Dusters- 
Household Talks by Aunt nattie — Citron Melon Pre- 
serves— Crah-apple Jelly — Peaches, to Preserve, to 
Skin, to Bottle— Peach Pie— Plum Pic— Moral Courage 
in a Housekeeper— Soap Making— Ella's Ivy — Rec- 
ipes — Indian Custard Pudding — Spinach — Mint 
Chow Chow— Grape Jelly— Silver Ca.ke.8 Must.. 341-342 
Imitative Insects 5 Illustrations . .339 
Indian Pipe Ill ust rated.. 338 
Kitchen Garden iu September 319 
Market Reports 331 
Marsupial Animals— The Kangaroo Illustrated. . 339 
Notes from " The Pines," No. 4 — Dwarf Was Bean — 
"Eyes and No Eyes" — Chrysanthemums— Summer 
Fallowing— Potatoes— Egg Plants— Beet Greens- 
Squash Enemies 33S 
Nutritive Value of Different Crops 339 
Orchard and Nursery in September 319 
Pastures— How to Keep in Good Condition 331 
Pasturing Meadows 336 
Peat — An Experiment with 33.5 
Pickle Crop 3,39 
Plowing with a Single Line 333 
Plowing with Three Horses Abreast... 2 Illustration 
Ponltry— Exhibition Coops for. .... .1 Illustration, 
Poultry— Check to Egg-eating Hens UluslraU d.. 332 
Premium Offers 304 
Preparing for Spring Planting :: to 
Rat-tailed Radish 339 
Roads and Road Making, No. 3 Illustrated. . 327 
SettingTrees .340 
Sheep— Hurdling on Green Crops Illustrated. .333 
Sprouts Illustrated. 389 
Tim Bunker on Chips 327 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 69 — Keeping Ac- 
counts — New Implements — Sick Horses — Farm 
Labor— Wheat Culture 330-331 
Warning to Young Book Farmers 335 
Water— Impure Drinking 334 
When Will Top-dressing Pay ? :;:;l 
Winter Spinach 339 
index TO "basket" on snor.Tntt AtmoLTis. 
Abortion in Cows 330 Important Work 333 
Agriculture & the Press. 30.5 Liming Sandy Soils 305 
Am. Pomological Soc 323 Live-stock hi Ohio. 335 
Am.Preserv'ng Powderg.323 Maple Sugar Queries 325 
Bar for Setting Hurdles. 33.5 More Beautiful Houses. .323 
Beecher's Sermons 324 Nets for Grain 33.5 
Bermuda 333|N. T. State Poultry Soc. 322 
Bine Thistles 303 Pictures in the Househ'd.322 
Brown Spots on Cnn'ants323 Pig Lot at the South. .. .321 
Cabbage Plants 323 
Canker Worm 323 
Central Park Eeporl 303 
Chester Whites vs. Ve.rk- 
shivs 325 
Connecticut Agriculture. 323 
Corn iu Iowa 324 
Cuba . . 
Drainingwithont * Iutlcts324 
Drains near a Hedge 335 
Draughts orc.ild Air 331 
Drouth Letter than Rain. 334 
Dry Tan as a Manure. . . .325 
Essex vs. Berkshires. . . .325 
Fall Planting 333 
Finely Grown Lilies 323 
Floors for Cow Stables. 301 
Grape Prospects 303 
lhiv Crop in am 301 
Heiirv II. era;... 300 
Hogs Eating Hen Dung. 825 
Important Nursery Sale. 303 
Plants Named 303 
Potashes 335 
Poultry— Imp'l Change. .335 
Right and Left-hand 
Plows 324 
Roots in Drains .825 
Samuel F. Headley. 
Script in-' 1 Quotations 322 
Sewage System 333 
Spreading Manure 325 
Strawberry— C. Downing323 
Strawberry — Golden 
Queeu 303 
Substitute lor a Boy 345 
Sundry Humbugs 822 
To Keep Milk Sweel ...30.5 
Trouble with Verbenas. .323 
Vegetable Marrow and 
Pumpkin 323 
Vine, UolYuitl'e.l ... 
Walnut and Frail T» 
Wild Goose Plum.. 323 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW-YORK, SEPTEMBER, 1S69. 
Work will vary with the weather. If we have a 
moist time the opportunity should not be neglect- 
ed to have the plowing done early, and then to kill 
several crops of seedling weeds with the harrow. 
If the weather is hot and dry, no better time can 
be found for burning weeds along stone walls, or 
cutting and drying those in the field or in the mead- 
ow that are iu seed. If the fall work that can be 
done at this season is finished, look to the swamps 
and to the draining of boggy ground where too 
much water stands in ordinary seasons. Rainy-day 
work is plenty. There is grain to thrash and pre- 
pare for market — peas and beans also ; the corn- 
house to put in order, and apparatus for grinding 
and cooking pig feed. Withal save time to at- 
tend I he fairs, and by all means exhibit something. 
lEints Aliout Work. 
Apples. — Windfalls are full of worms, usually. 
Pick them up regularly, and feed to the pigs all not 
fit for cider, or at least for vinegar. 
Field Crops. — Beans should be pulled as soon as 
the pods seem well matured. They will cure in a 
loft better than in the field, and a few may be cured 
on a barn floor. In the. field, stack them between 
stakes to keep off the ground and thrash when dry. 
Jbtatocs. — Dig as soon as ripe — provided there is 
not much rot among them— in which case use judg- 
ment. If they can be dug and sold before they 
rot much, well; if they can be fed with profit, do 
so. Do not put them into tho cellar to become a 
mass of corruption, and make it necessary to 
overhaul and throw them away by and by. 
Corn. — Pulling corn fodder is a Southern practice, 
which wc do not approve of. If it seems best to 
pull leaves this year, do not do it until the grain is 
glazed. Topping is much less objectionable — in 
foot, we do not object to it in the case of large, 
coarse-stalked varieties. This, too, should never 
lie done until the glazing of the kernel shows 
that the grain has its full size. No doubt it is a 
damage to the corn, hut there is proportionate gain 
in the feed, which is very valuable. Cutting up at 
the ground has much in its favor. The field is as 
good as cleared at one operation, and may be 
plowed and sown at once if desired — provided the 
stooks are made on as few lines as possible, stand- 
ing very close. Taking twenty-five rows the long- 
est way through the field, it is no very great labor 
to close on the middle row, taking twelve hills on 
each side, and so make a stook to every hill on 
this row— leaving plow lands of one hundred feet 
or thereabouts in width, which should be plowed 
"inward," or "right about." The grain must be 
well glazed before the stalks are cut. It loses 
scarcely perceptibly in weight, while the stalks and 
leaves arc saved. One day's or half a day's drying 
after being cut up will save the fodder from injury 
from severe frosts, which would otherwise render 
it flavorless and of little value as fodder. 
C<r:' Fodder. — Cattle and horses will eat corn 
leaves and husks well; they will eat almost the 
whole of the toppings, but unless it is cooked 
they will not cat all tho but stalks. However, if 
cut up and soaked, they will eat a good portion of 
them, especially if dusted with a little meal or oil- 
eake. What they refuse is worth, we presume, half 
as much as manure as it would be if eaten. The im- 
mense waste of feeding corn fodder on the ground 
is, that but a comparatively small part is eaten, and 
the rest is utilized as manure to but a small ex- 
lent. Corn fodder, sown for the purpose, should 
be cut as close as possible, bound in small bundles, 
with new rye si raw, and set up against rails laid on 
crosf ed slakes, or in crotches against a fence, or in 
..pro shooks, to dry. It will not mould enough to 
hurt it unless it lies long flat upon the ground. 
Hoots.— Heels, carrots, parsnips, and turnips, 
malic astonishing growth this mouth. Keep them 
clear of weeds, which sap the very life of the soil. 
It is an excellent plan to run a one-horse subsoil 
plow between the rows. If crowded, roots of all 
kinds may be thinned to advantage, and the surplus 
sent to market or fed to stock. Hogs will grow 
fist on the diet, though it is not very fattening. 
Crass. — If (lie aftermath is to be cut, do it in 
this month, and, if you can, manure with fine com- 
post or some "hand manure" afterwards. This 
gives a chance for a good covering to grow, to pro- 
tect the roots of the grasses from the winter. If 
the second growth is to be fed off, it is economy to 
tether the cows. The writer tetbers with chains, 
using iron fetters to attach them to one hind leg. 
If the fetters fit, there will be no wearing of the 
skin after a few days. Change from leg to leg 
daily. The e»ws need water three times a day, 
and to have the stakes or rods shifted according to 
the abundance of the feed, giving them six feet or 
more advance at each shift. See that the c»ws can- 
not get together and become twisted up. The 
twisting up, and turning around trees, etc., are the 
only accidents that can happen to cows tethered by 
the leg. Tied by the neck, they may hang them- 
selves as easily as not, and often do, in an open 
field. New grass laud and stubble should not ba 
fed off too soon or by heavy animals of any kind. 
Seeding down. — Grass may be sown alone at Ibis 
season, or a little earlier perhaps, batter than at 
any other. Prepare the ground well, giving thor 
ough harrowing and top-dressing, picking off the 
stones; sow the seed, and roll. A bushel of oats 
harrowed in before the grass seed is 60wn, will af- 
ford the young plants (he protection of a fine 
mulch during the winter, and unless the season is 
very mild, will be thoroughly dead and out of the 
way when spring comes, making good manure. 
Saving Seed. — Seed corn should be marked be- 
fore it is cut up, by selecting the best ear where 
two or more are on a stalk, and tying strings tightly 
around them. They will thus be found and thrown 
one side at husking. Seed potatoes should be se- 
lected from those that have healthy stalks, and 
ripen first. It is very well to go through and dig 
from bills before the general digging. If the whole 
crop is to be saved for seed, or if it is desirable to 
keep it pure, go through carefully, and dig any 
suspicious or peculiar looking hills. Seed of all 
kinds should be kept where it is dry, in nets, bask- 
ets, loosely covered pails, or in net bags, or tied 
together and suspended. Close vessels are often 
fatal to seeds, causing them to mould or heat. 
Winter Grain. — Wheat. — The land should lie put 
in order, well manured on the surface, harrowed to 
a fine tilth, and the seed sown as early as possible 
this month. Use any fine, rich, well-rotted com- 
post. Peruvian guano, fine bone-dust, and almost 
any good fertilizer, containing both ammonia and 
phosphoric acid, will pay. Soaking the seed in a 
strong brine and drying with dry slaked lime pre- 
vents smut to a great degree. Pickling enables one 
also to skim oil" and separate many of the light 
grains which the fan-mill leaves. Rye may be 
sown the latter part of the month, but is usually 
sown in October, as sometimes it. makes too rank a 
growth, and is smothered thereby in the course of 
the winter. Much depends on the land. 
Buckwheat is greatly injured by even a light frost. 
Be prepared to cut and pul in little cocks orgavelsas 
soon as frost threatens. The tops should be gathered 
and bound at the top, more to prolong the drying 
and to prevent the wind scattering the grain, than 
to make the little gavels shed rain. Many kernels, 
half formed when cut, will fill out at the expense 
of the juices of the haulm. 
Son/hum. — This crop is one of great importance, 
especially with present facilities for working it up. 
It should be topped, cut up, stripped and stacked 
before frost, to be hauled to the mill and worked 
up before hard freezing weather. 
Live-stock of all kinds require good feeding, for 
they lay on flesh and fat niucli more readily in 
mildly warm weather than when it is colder, in 
cool weather better than in cold, and when severe 
weather comes, it is almost impossible to make 
