4, 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[January. 
Gardening at the Smith.— In the Southern States, 
whenever the condition of the soil will allow it, 
the hardy, early vegetables are sown in succession 
from January to April. The hardy vegetables in- 
clude beet, carrot, parsnip, parsley, radish, turnip, 
onion, leek, lettuce, cress, cauliflower, cabbage, 
spinach, etc. Tender vegetables, such as encum- 
bers, melons, beans, tomatoes, etc., can only be 
sown with safety in the open ground, at corn plant- 
ing time, or when the peach is in full bloom. 
These rules answer for any latitude. 
Seeds. — Their quality and integrity are of the 
greatest importance. It is better to be at any 
trouble and expense to get good seed, true to its 
kind, than to take that which is doubtful for noth- 
ing. Purchase early of reliable dealers only. Seeds 
go by mail at the rate of two cents for four oz. ; 
if in doubt about the quality offered by home deal- 
ers, send to those of known reputation. 
Tools are to be overhauled and repaired, and 
those needed made or purchased. A home-made 
roller, marker, reel for a garden-line and the like, 
are great helps, even in a small garden. 
I'lower Garden and Lawn. 
But little can be done out of doors. Where im- 
provements arc contemplated, a plan should be 
drawn to a scale, and sufficiently large to serve as 
a guide in working. 
Hmuyreens are now appreciated, and the present 
is the season to discover where they may be intro- 
duced into the grounds to the best advantage. 
Many are injured by 
Snow, there are many close growing deciduous 
shrubs injured by this. Shake it out before it be- 
comes icy. Drifts around low-branching ever- 
greens are apt to break off the lower branches as 
they settle, and should be shovelled away. 
Sedges may have their winter pruning in mild 
weather and in southern localities. 
lihodoaenarons, ironies, ami other of llie brosid- 
leaved evergreens may be made to contribute largely 
to the cheerful winter aspect of the grounds, and 
some of them, such as the Kalmias and Rhododen- 
drons, serve the double purpose of making them 
gay with their flowers in spring and summer. 
Pits, need air in mild weather. Water only when 
they seem to actually need it. Keep mice from pits. 
Seedling Perennials in their first winter will do all 
the better for protection, no matter how hardy the 
old plants may be. A mulch over the bed will pre- 
vent the roots from injury. Leaves may be used. 
Trellises, Stakes, and all the little appliances that 
will be needed in spring, should be made and re- 
paired while there is leisure. 
Greenhouse and Window Plants. 
Temperature with house plants is less readily 
adapted to their wants than in the green-house. It 
is not well to let any collection reach a tempera- 
ture much below 40°. Plants cannot, as a general 
thing, be expected to flower at much below 60°. 
For stove plants proper, more heat is needed, ac- 
cording to their tropical character. 
Air is to be given in the green-house whenever 
the ventilators can be opened with safety. Window 
plants need a change of air, and should have it 
whenever it can be given without chilling them. 
Violets and other half-hardy plants iu cold frames, 
need plenty of air when the outside temperature 
will allow. 
Bedding Stock of scarce kinds may be multiplied 
by starting the stock plants into growth and taking 
cuttings, which, after they are rooted, will in turn 
furnish cuttings for later propagation. 
Bisects are easily kept under by fumigating. 
Dust. — Arrange some kind of a shield of cloth 
or paper to put over house plants while sweeping. 
Bulbs, that were potted last autumn and kept 
cool, may be brought to the warmer atmosphere 
of the green-house or dwelling, and will soon 
flower. 
Camellias need an even temperature, one rather 
low with a moist atmosphere. If necessary, thin 
the Imds. Keep the foliage clear by use of syringe. 
Cactuses should, generally, have rest and dryness. 
Commercial Matters— Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care- 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
Dec. 15, 1810, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT THE NRW-TORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wlieat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
26 (lays til is lll'Mi. 535,000 3,184,000 1,540,000 76,000 1,213,000 1,936.000 
36 days toiUu'tli. 511.000 3,196,000 1,574,000 S9.000 874,0001,710,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rue. Barleu. Oats. 
20davsrtism'tli.547,000 3,451,000 4,116,000 67,000 456,000 1,713,000 
26days;«rfiu'th.329,00l> 3,437,000 1,549,000 61,500 239,000 1,856.000 
2. Comparison with saoie perioa at this lime, last 
Receipts. Flour. Wlieat. Corn. R*ie. Barley. 
36 days 1870. ..585,000 3,184,000 1,540.000 76,000 1,212„000 1. 
24 days 1S69... 519,000 3,173,000 139,000 56,500 1,538,000 2, 
Sales. Ftour. Wheat. Corn. Rue. Bay-ley. 
26 davs 1870 .. .347,000 3,151,000 1,416,000 67,000 456,000 1,' 
24 days 1869. ..336,000 8,018,000 1,609,000 47,000 763,000 1,' 
3. Kcjxnts from New York, Jan. 1 to Dec. 14: 
Flour. Wlieat. Corn. Bye. Barley. 
1870 1,855.876 17,773,810 417,328 93,431 
1*9 1.512,020 17.903.887 1.619,970 142,542 
1S68 843,393 4,809,527 5,045,795 153,093 61,598 
year. 
Oats. 
936.0HI 
147,000 
Oats. 
'43,000 
156.000 
Oats. 
27,786 
48.538 
119,479 
4. 
1870. 
Dec. 15.. 
Nov. 9. 
Stock of grain in 
Wheat, 
bnsh. 
3,060,763 
. . .2,092,900 
Oct. 10 1,809.921 
Sept. 12 1,381,487 
Ant!. 8 1,43S,S70 
Jul'j-11 1.281,913 
June 7 106.418 
Corn, Rue, Barley, Oats, Malt, 
bnsli. bosh. bush. bush. bush. 
308.319 118.1109 500,391 2,085,137 231,139 
300,000 116.800 400,400 2,125,000 
476,544 03.391 184,803 1,679,658 237,453 
761,891 50,809 101,414 1,053,019 I30.S81 
589.913 25.137 106.101 691,166 119,046 
483,540 28,816 98,600 655,068 109,418 
69,845 21,891 94,630 488,143 108,115 
MavlO .1.158.053 110,829 20,502 126.043 410.511 S3.000 
April II 1,845.186 285,946 33,219 181,113 156.811 99,988 
March 7 3.509.60S 484.176 39,089 318,905 1,105.194 91,139 
Feb. 11... 3,902.638 531,003 62,113 322.125 1,199.612 36,214 
Jan. 13 4,423.038 591,903 3S.2S9 34,900 1,310,935 85,405 
181,9 
Dec.ll 3,S10,562 833,909 50,043 285,906 1,386,394 77,097 
5. Receipts at head of tide-water at Albany each sea- 
son to Bee. 7 .■ 
Flour, Wlieat, Corn, Ri/e. Barley, Oats, 
bills. bush. bush, bnsli. bush. bush. 
1810.... 416,700 18,192,000 4,898,300 630.500 4.645.000 6,348,600 
1809. .. .533,600 18,435,0110 7.039,1110 261,000 3.440.390 5,091,800 
1808.... 461 ,900 " 
11,085,200 16,990,400 869,500 3,628,100 12,184,000 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
Price of Gold 
Flour— Super to Extra State 
Super to Extra Southern 
E x tra Western 
lixtra Genesee 
i-noot-fino Western 
liTB Flour '.".'.', 
Corn-Meal 
Wheat— All kinds of White.. 
All kinds or Red and Amber. 
Corn— Tellow 
Mixed 
O ats— W estern 
State 
IIyr 
Barley 
Hat— Hale 3» 100 lb 
Straw, * 100 lb 
Cotton— Middlings, ^ lb . . . 
Hops-Crop of 18.0, Vlb 
Feathers— Live Geese, ?* lb. 
Seed— Clover, io lb 
Timothy, <& bushel 
Flax, if) bushel 
Sugar— Brown, IP lb 
Molasses. Cuba. IPgal 
Coffee— llio. (Gold'in bond) 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c. $]b. 
Seed Leaf, *» lb 
Wool— Domestic FIeece,?l lb. 
Domestic, pulled, ¥' lb 
('alitor nia. unwashed, 
Tallow, ^ lb 
Oil-Cake— V ton 
Pork— Mess, ?! barrel 
Prime, 3P barrel 
Beef— Plain mess 
Lard, En tl'CS. & barrels, 3P lb. 
Butter— State, V lb 
Western, #ro : 
Cheese . . 
Beans— IP bushel 
Peas— Canada, free, $ bu — 
I'.ggs— Fresh. if* dozen 
Poultry— Dressed Fowls. , . . 
Chickens, Sprine, 3P lb 
Turkeys, dressed, ^n> 
Geese, # pair 
Woodcock, ¥> pair 
Partridges, $ pair 
Ducks. $ n> 
Prairie Chickens, ^ pair 
Quails, per dozen 
Venison, per lb 
POTAVOBS, V Ultl 
Sweet Potatoes, $lbbl 
Turnips— V* bbl 
Cabbages— $ 100 
Onions— IP bbl 
Cranbereies— $ bbl 
Broom-corn— 3P lb 
Apples— ¥r barrel 
Grapes— $ ft 
Nov. 14. 
a © 6 lo 
© 9 35 
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a 8 75 
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© 95 
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Nominal. 
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85 © 1 15 
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56 
Dec. 15. 
Ill 
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Gold fluctuated slightly since our last, the extremes of 
the price having been U0y 2 @lll'A, and the closing quo- 
tation on Dec. 15, 111 . . . . There has been a fairly active 
business reported in Breadstuffs. The dealings in Wheat 
and Flour have been most extensive, largely for ship- 
ment, at improved prices. There has also been consider- 
able speculative inquiry for shipping grades of Flour, 
and for red and amber, winter, and prime new crop spring 
Wheat. At the close, the market for both Flour and 
Wheat was tame, but steady. Corn has been offered 
much more freely at reduced figures, and has been in 
good request, chiefly for hora# use, though to a limited 
extent for export at the lower rates. There has been a 
fair demand noted for Oats within our revised range. 
Barley has been very quiet and much depressed. Rye 
has been scarce and wanted at our quotations. The 
available supply of wheat in store and afloat at this port 
is given at a little over four million bushels Provisions 
have been much less sought after, and have been quoted 
lower, particularly hog products, which have been press- 
ed for sale. The business in Bacon and Lard has been 
mainly for forward delivery Cotton has been in less 
request at easier rates Wool has been held with 
comparative firmness, but has been quiet Clover seed 
has been purchased with unusual freedom, mainly for 
shipment, at firmer prices nay has been salable at 
our quotations. . ..Hops have been depressed and quoted 
cheaper, but have been without activity. . . . A very mod- 
erate trade has been reported in Tobacco at irregular 
figures The closing of canal navigation has had the 
usual effect of greatly diminishing the receipts of produce 
at this point. • 
Neiv-Tork l.ii e-siooU Markets.— 
WEEK ENDING. 
Nov. 14th S.160 107 
do. 31st 0,796 108 
do. 28th 6,686 73 
Dec. 5th 6,684 80 
do. 13th . 6.594 SI 
Total in 5 Weeks. . . .34,920 44S 
do./orprec. 4 Weeks 33,612 447 
Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. ToVl. 
1,988 
1,613 
1,311 
1,451 
1,115 
39.929 21.395 11,519 
38,927 33,561 71,064 
31,524 28.586 71,179 
32,620 24,527 65,308 
27,446 23,836 59,072 
7.543 173,446 121,905 338,262 
8,557 165,220 104,826 314,468 
Beeves. Cotes. Calves. 
89 1,509 
111 
62 
92 
105 
61 
94 
118 
2,139 
3,203 
1,752 
1,583 
1,320 
1,200 
1,500 
Sheep. Swine. 
34,689 24,381 
41.300 
36,007 
2k.s::o 
27.182 
22.154 
20,000 
16,091 
26.200 
75.745 
15.34S 
18,809 
20,605 
13,000 
11.023 
798.199 
978,061 
Average per Week 6.9S4 
do. do. last Month 8,403 
do. do. peer's Month.... 7,931 
A verage per Week, 1869. 6,275 
do. So. do. 1868 5,733 
do. do. do. 1807. 5,544 
do. do. do. I860. 5,748 
do. do. do. 1865. 5,355 
Total in 1S69 326,280 4.837 91.0S3 1,499,509 
Total in 186S 29S.12S 5.466 S3.571 1,413,479 
Total in 1867 293,832 3.369 69.911 1,174,154 1,102.643 
Total in 1S66 298,880 4.885 62.420 1,040,000 672,000 
Total iu 1865 270,274 6,161 71,991 836,733 573,190 
Total in 1S61 261,609 1,603 75,021 782,462 600,377 
BeeT Cattle.— After the heavy run of late grass 
cattle reported last month, receipts naturally fell off. 
When cattle are put upon winter feed farmers prefer to 
keep them a month or two, the first few weeks not telling 
upon their condition. In addition to this reason of the 
lighter supply now, is the fact that on December 5th the 
freights were nearly doubled— $1. 00 per cwt. from Chi- 
cago, instead of GOc. — and this at once shut down on 
much of the thin stock. Instead of 2,500 Texans received 
oue week previous to the advanced tariff', wc had barely 
317 of the wild breed last week. New Yorkers may 
thank the railroads for better beef. Choice Christmas 
cattle begin to arrive, and are selling at lSc.@19c per lb., 
net weight of the beef. One pair went at 20c, weighed, 
to make 041bs. per cwt., live weight. In the absence of 
very poor quality the prices obtained show quite an im- 
provement. There has been a real advance of about y z c. 
per lb. during the mouth, with an upward tendency at the 
close. Below wc give the range of prices, average price, 
and figures at which large lots were sold : 
Nov. 14th, ranged 7 ©16 c. Av. 13 c. Large sales 11 ©14^ 
do. 31st, do. 7 ©16 c. do. 13 c. do. do. 11 @14)i 
do. 2Sth, do. 7^©16 c. do. 13 c. do. do. 11X@1S 
Dee. 5th, do. 8S@16 c. do. 13 o. do. do. 11 ©15 
do. 17th, do. 10 @16>,-c. do. 13>^c. do. do. 12 @15)£ 
milcli Cows. — There is a gradual tendency towards 
a removal of the fresh cow trade from the city, as the 
large swill stables — those mills which grind cows up in 
about one year — are broken up. More country, and less 
city, produced milk is now used. The few good fresh 
cows sent in bring better prices, an advance in beef 
adding to the market value of cows. Very poor cows are 
selling at $45fS)$55, fair to good at $10o3i$S5, and prime 
to extras $90@$110 Calves.— Fell off to lie. for 
the best, with heavy receipts of dressed, and bad wea- 
ther forcing them to a quick sale. Now, prime 1251b ,@ 
IGOlb. milk calves are worth 12c, with ordinary to fair at 
Sc.@llc. Grass, or hay calves of large size, sell nt4 l / z c. f a) 
fi'jC or $10@$15 each Slieep.— The few lambs 
now sent in are generally weighed with, and sold at the 
same price as the sheep. In fact there is little call for 
lambs alone. The demand wins upon extra holiday 
sheep, and some lots of 15oa>.<5]lG0tb. long-wool Canada 
sbeep are selling at 8^c.@0c. per lb., live weight. One 
lot of 125 head, averaging 151?itbs., went at 9c Poor 
sheep are neglected ; a car very thin, 01 lbs., selling at 4c. 
Most sales arc from 5c@G|2C, and the market is very 
good Swine. — These run down soon after last 
report, live selling at 7c.@7}&C., but with lighter receipts 
just now, and cold weather, they vary from 7%c.@73gc. 
The weights are too heavy to suit the fresh trade. Hogs 
are unusually fat this season. The bulk are still sold 
after killing, and range from 83fc. for SOOlbs. and up, to 
94c for ISOIbs., and 9J£c.@10c for 120B.@1601b. pigs. 
Tlie New Jersey Agricultural So- 
ciety Record has been received through the Secre- 
tary. It contains a list of all the prizes awarded at the 
last (12th) Annual Exhibition, together with the address 
of Hon. Orestes Cleveland and a list of the officers. 
