202 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[Juke, 
Contents for June, 1871. 
An Egg Farm 209 
Apparatus for Cooling Cream Illustrated. .216 
A Scraper, or Ground Leveler 2 Illustrations . .217 
Berkshire Pigs Illustrated. .220 
Bottle for Dosing Animals Hustral&I..' , ZlQ 
Boys and Girls 1 Columns. — Fishtn'g— Aunt Sue's Puz- 
zle Box— Just Hatched 3 Illustrations. .227-228 
Butter from Devonshire Cream. . . v . 214 
Canada Snakeroot Illustrated. 224 
Clustered Leucothoe Illustrated. . 224 
Dollar Steam-Engine 204 
Don't Sow too Early 222 
Early Cabbages, Cauliflowers, and Lettuce 209 
Essential Implements 224 
Farm Work for June 202 
Fat-tailed and Fat-ramped Sheep Illustrated. .213 
Field Culture of Lima Beans 221 
Flower Garden and Lawn in June 204 
Fruit Garden in June 203 
Gardening in Iowa 222 
Greenhouse and Window. Plants in June 204 
Hardy Pear-stocks 224 
Hay-rack for Farm-wagon 2 Illustrations. . 217 
Head of Jersey Bull " Wachusett " Illustrated. . 201 
Household Department— A Revolving Grater — Home 
Topics — Portable Clofhes-Dryiug Posts — Hints on 
Canning Fruit — Washing Dishes — Corn Bread — Car- 
rie's Pudding — Refreshing Summer Drink. 5 HI. .225-226 
Kitchen Garden in June 203 
Large Turkeys and Turkey Breeding 205 
Management of Clover Hay 219 
Manure in Ulinios 215 
Market Reports 204 
Meat-flies and Fly-blows Illustrated . . 213 
Mineral Fertilizers 5 Illustrations. .218-219 
Mr. Crozier's Pig-pens 3 Illustrations. . 216 
Mulching 223 
Ogden Farm Papers No. 18. — Work on the Farm- 
Seed for Grass, Vetches, Peas, Oats, etc. — Carrots 
and Maugels— Transplanting Mangels — Potatoes 
and Cabbages for Sale 211 
Orchard and Nursery in June 203 
Premiums 205 
Riding on Horseback, No. 4 3 Illustrations . .212 
Sowing and Curing Corn Fodder 219 
Sweet Potatoos .% , 223 
The Art of Making Good Bnttcr 217 
The Cabbage Pest 223 
The Rhodora Illustrated. . 221 
The Robin 223 
Training and Pruning the Tomato Illustrated . .222 
Variegated Crown Imperials Illustrated. . 221 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 90— How to 
Kill Docks— The Cheapest Fertilizers — How to Use 
Muck — Cotswold and South-Down Sheep — Steel 
Plows— High Wages 214-215 
INDEX TO "BASKET," OR SHORTER ARTICLES. 
.807 
and 
Bark Louse 208|Hoop Poles 
Bells on Sheep 207 "Hybrid," Rabbit 
Bloody Milk 207J Cat 208 
Bone Mills 2061mproved St»ck 208 
Bone Spavin 206 iLarge Eggs 207 
Brushing Peas 208 Management of Colts 208 
Buckwheat 28S Messrs. B. Fox & Co 207 
Chicken Cholera 207JMilk Escutcheon 209 
Colorado Agricultural So- ;Milk Fever 20G 
ciety 207JPeas on Sod Land 207 
Composts 208;Potato Bug 207 
Corn Husking Machines. 20^Purity of Plaster 207 
Currant Worm 203 Sage's Vinegar Recipe.. .206 
Dark Brahma Fowls 207iSpurious Eggs for Hatch- 
Diseased Fowls 207 ing 207 
Does Farming Pay ?. . 
Double Furrow Plow. 
Double Head of Rye. . 
Exhibition at Jersey. . 
.208 
.207 
.207 
.208 
Fattening Cattle and 
Hogs in Illinois 207 
Feeding Horses accord- 
ing to Work 207 
Feeding Milch Cows. 20S 1 
Fruit-Trees in Gardens.. 208 
Half-a-Tear Now 
High Priced Seeds 207 1 
Strawberry Show at Eliz- 
abeth 209 
Sundry Humbugs 206 
That Mexican Saddle 207 
Tree-Planting in Illinois.207 
Warts on Horses 206 
Watering Tomatoes 207 
Which Breed of Cattle is 
Best? 206 
Will Clover, Peas, and 
Beans produce Milk 
with more Cheese ? etc. 207 
A Triangular- Marrow. — A correspond- 
ent sends us a drawing and description of a triangular 
harrow which he has constructed. It does not differ es- 
sentially from the well-known Geddes harrow. For a 
heavy harrow, and for working among stumps, the tri- 
angular form has manifest advantages. 
Calendar for June. 
*» 
■* 
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1 
fc 
■=? 
a 
m 
q 
— 
— 
i 
T 
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K 
8 
S 
4 
S 
5 
M 
6 
T 
7 
W 
8 
T 
9 
K 
10 
« 
11 
S 
19 
M 
18 
T 
11 
W 
15 
T 
III 
V 
17 
S 
IS 
s 
19 
M 
an 
T 
81 
W 
■]■> 
T 
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V 
■» 
s 
:•:> 
s 
Wi 
M 
27 
T 
as 
vv 
■.in 
T 
30 
Y 
Uoslon.XEng- 
land, A. York 
StaU. Michi- 
gan. Wiscon- 
sin. Iowa, and 
Oregon. 
n.M 
t 8S 
4 25 
4 25 
4 21 
4 24 
4 24 
4 23 
4 23 
4 23 
4 23 
4 22 
4 22 
4 U 
4 22 
4 22 
1 22 
4 22 
4 22 
1 22 
4 23 
4 23 
1 23 7 
4 23 7 
4 83 '7 
4 24 7 
4 24 7 
4 217 
4 85,7 
4 25 7 
4 26 7 
" d 
SJ 
H. M. 
3 25 
rises 
8 17 
9 85 
10 20 
11 15 
11 52 
morn 
25 
52 
1 17 
1 41 
2 4 
2 38 
2 57 
sets 
7 25 
8 19 
9 9 
95! 
10 31 
11 5 
11 33 
morn 
2 
29 
55 
1 23 
1 56 
2 34 
N. I'.Cil!/. Ct. 
Philadelphia, 
yew Jersey, 
Penn., Ohio. 
Indiana, and 
Illinois. 
■r-M 
4 31 
4 30 
4 30 
4 30 
I 29 
4 
4 29 
4 29 
4 28 
4 28 
4 28 
4 88 
4 28 
4 as 
4 28 
4 28 
4 23 
4 28 
4 24 
4 29 
4 29 
1 2" 
4 29 
4 29 
H.M 
7 84 
7 
7 20 
7 27 
7 28 
7 " 
7 89 
7 50 
7 30 
7 31 
7 SI 
7 S2 
7 32 
7 32 
7 S3 
7 33 
7 33 
7 34 
7 31 
7 31 
7 34 
7 34 
7 35 
4 30 7 35 
4 30 7 35 
4 3017 35 
4 29:7 35 
4 89 7 35 
■I 22 7 35 
U. M. 
S2S 
rises 
8 12 
9 SO 
10 20 
11 10 
11 49 
morn 
23 
50 
1 17 
1 41 
2 5 
2 31 
3 
sets 
7 30 
8 13 
9 3 
9 47 
10 86 
11 1 
11 33 
morn 
1 
28 
56 
1 25 
1 59 
Washington, 
Mart/laud, 
Virginia,Ken. 
lucky, Missou- 
ri, and Cali- 
fornia. 
5? 
II. M 
4 36 
4 36 
4 36 
4 35 
4 35 
4 85 
4 34 
I 34 
4 34 
4 34 
I 31 
4 34 
4 34 
4 34 I 26 
4 34i7 26 
4 34 7 27 
4 34,7 27 
4 31(7 28 
4 34i7 88 
4 34|7 S8 
4 34 7 88 
4 35 ,7 2S 
4 357 29 
4 35 7 29 
4 3V7 29 
4 36 7 29 
4 S6!7 29 
4 37 7 29 
4 37 7 29 
4 37:7 29 
3 SO 
rises 
8 7 
9 15 
10 15 
11 5 
11 44 
morn 
80 
48 
1 16 
1 42 
2 7 
2 31 
3 4 
sets 
7 14 
R 7 
S 57 
9 43 
11) 22 
10 58 
11 30 
11 59 
morn 
88 
57 
1 27 
PHASES OF THE MOON. 
Full 
3d Quart. 
New Moon 
1st Quart 
BOSTON. N.TOEK. WASH'N. CHA'STON CHICAGO. 
H. M. 
1 43 m. 
7 53 ev. 
9 45 ev, 
ev. 
131m. t 19 m 
7 41 ev. 7 39 ev 
9 33 ev. 9 31 ev 
5 48 ev.l 5 36 ev 
B. M. 
1 7 in. 
7 17 ev. 
9 9ev. 
5 24 ev. 
H. M. 
'0 37 m. 
6 47 ev. 
8 S9 ev. 
4 54 ev. 
AMERICAN agriculturist. 
NEW TORK, JUNE, 1871. 
We have had a remarkably favorable and early 
spring for getting in wheat, barley, oats, and peas, 
and it is probable that an unusually large breadth 
of wheat and oats have been 60wn. For a year or 
two past oats have proved a more profitable crop 
than barley, and many farmers who usually sow 
barley have this year sown oats instead. In the 
great spring wheat sections of Wisconsin, Illinois, 
and Minnesota, the crop was sown unusually early 
aud in good condition, and the prospects, so far, are 
highly favorable for a large yield. As a rule, also, 
winter wheat looks well. 
The early spring has given farmers an unusually 
long season for plowing ; and the presumption is 
that they have availed themselves of it, and that a 
large area has been, or will be, planted to corn and 
potatoes. It is true that high wages have induced 
a good many farmers to leave their operations. 
But on the whole we can hardly doubt that a large 
breadth has been planted, and that the cultivation 
and harvesting will require as much labor as 
hitherto, and consequently high wages must still 
be paid. The country will prosper, though those 
who work for farmers will do better than the 
farmers themselves. And there is no remedy for 
this unsatisfactory condiiion of affairs except in 
better farming — that is, in raising as much grain 
on half a million acres as we now do on a million. 
Hints silxiiii Work, 
Corn. — Small early varieties may still be planted. 
Soak the seed in soft water for 34 hours, aud if the 
ground is warm, moist, and mellow, the plants will 
be up in a few days. The great business of the 
corn -grower this month is to cultivate, cultivate, 
cultivate. Something may still be done by applying 
plaster, or plaster, ashes, aud hen-dung, mixed, on 
the young plants in the hill ; but the main reliance 
now is on the cultivator. There was much sod land 
plowed early this spring for corn, and not a little 
of it was planted while the soil was cold and sod- 
den underneath. In such cases a good crop can 
only be expected by deep and thorough cultivation. 
And the implement should be of the best kind — 
one that w,ill not slip over the hard 6pots. Many 
are not sufficiently careful on this latter point. 
The loose soil that needs the least cultivation gets 
the most, while the clay spots that need the most 
get the least. It cannot be too often repeated that 
there is an immense advantage in starting the cul- 
tivator the moment the rows can be distinguished. 
If necessary, set the cultivator very narrow, and go 
only once in a row, and as deep as it can be run 
without tearing up the 6od too much. In a few 
days run closer to the plants ; aud if the rows are 
not absolutely straight, it may be necessary, in 
order to get closer to the plants, to go twice in a 
row. Less hoeing and more cultivating should be 
the motto of the corn-grower. Clean and thorough 
cultivation will often add one-third to the yield of 
the corn, and the land will be in far better con- 
dition for the following crops of grafci aud grass. 
Potatoes. — We believe in early planting, especially 
for Peachblows and other late-growing varieties. 
But we have had good crop6 of Flukes and other 
early kinds planted as late as the first week in 
June. Where potatoes were planted early and 
deep, a harrow run over the land just as the po- 
tatoes are breaking the crust, will destroy millions 
of small weeds without pulling up one potato in a 
thousand. The cultivator should be used as early, 
as deep, and as frequently as possible, and con- 
tinued until there is danger of disturbing the roots 
or tubers. 
Plaster or Gypsum ma} T still be sown with advan- 
tage on clover, corn, peas, etc. Where the sowing 
costs more than the plaster, put on two or three 
bushels per acre; but when plaster is dear, we 
should not sow more than a bushel per acre. 
Beans. — Drill in the beans on good, clean land, 
or on clover sod, 2)4 feet apart, and 10 inches 
apart in the rows, aud say 4 beans in a hill ; or 
drill in the beans 2 or 3 inches apart in the rows. 
The latter plan sometimes gives the largest yield, 
but it is more work to hoe and pull the crop. 
Beans may be sown as late as the middle of the 
month, but the earlier in the month the better. 
Moot Crops. — If no* already sown, beets, mangels, 
parsnips, and carrots should be put in at once. It 
is a waste of labor and expense to sow any of these 
crops, except the land is rich, clean, and mellow. 
Mangels will produce an immense quantity of val- 
uable food per acre, bmt they require the richest of 
land. A good plan is to mark off the rows 27 
inches apart (or the width of the wagon wheels), 
and ridge up the land, aud then put 25 or 30 loads 
of well-rotted manure per acre in the rows, spread- 
ing it evenly aud breaking up the lumps; then 
split the rows and cover up the manure ; then roll 
down the ridges and drill in the seed, at the rate of 
5 lbs. per acre. As soon as the plants can be 6een, 
run the cultivator between the rows, and thin out 
the plants a foot apart. Many of the English 
growers prefer to dibble in the seed 15 inches 
apart, putting two or three seeds in each hill. 
This is done to save labor in hoeing. Aud it has 
another advantage — you can soak the seed for 24 
or 36 hours before planting, thus gaining several 
days the start of the weeds. 
Huta-bagas ueed not be sown before the middle 
or end of the month. Same preparation as for 
mangels. Never sow them broadcast. Let the 
land be clean, mellow, and rich, and drill in the 
seed at the rate of 2 lbs. per acre, on the fresh- 
stirred, moist soil. Thin out to 10 inches or a foot 
apart. There is no remedy for the fly. Thick 
seediug, aud pushing the plants rapidly forward by 
the use of superphosphate, will greatly lessen the 
chances of injury. On a small scale, something 
may be done by dusting slaked lime or plaster on 
and under the plants when the dew is on. Plaster 
is good for the crop, and lime will not hurt it. 
Com for soiling. — Select land near the barn-yard, 
aud make it as rich as possible. It cannot be too 
rich. Never sow this crop broadcast. Prepare 
the land, and mark it one way as for other corn ; 
then drill in the seed, at the rate of 4 bushels per 
acre; or if you have no drill, plow out a shallow 
furrow, and sow the seed in the furrow — say a pint 
to fifteen or twenty yards. Keep the land clean 
aud mellow by the frequent use of the cultivator. 
