364: 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[October, 
in handling, and store in a room with a warm, even 
temperature. 
Tomatoes. — Cover up a few of the later plants 
daring frosty nights. To prolong their season 
pull np the viues and hang in a Bunny room, and 
they will continue to ripen for a month or more. 
Spading. — During warm spells spade such parts 
of the garden as can not he plowed, and work iu 
a good dressing of manure. 
Turnips will do hotter iu the ground until hard 
frosts come, then stare iu the root cellar. 
Flower-Garden aud I,an u. 
The present mouth is more favorable for laying 
out plaus for improvements than during the pres- 
sure of spring work. New walks aud drives can 
be laid out, and old ones repaired. 
Bedding Plants.— Make cuttings of all seedling 
plants, if not already done, and take up such old 
plants as are to be kept during the winter. 
Bulbs. — Plant early this montb, if possible. Take 
up all tender bulbs like Tuberoses, Gladioluses, 
etc., before bard frosts, and store iu a dry room 
where they ■will not be injured by mice. 
Chrysanthemums. — These are very flue and showy 
for late bloomers, as they are not injured by the 
early frosts. Keep tied up to stakes; pot a few of 
the best for blooming iu-doors. 
Dahlias. — Keep tied up to sticks, and if they are 
protected by a covering of paper they will con- 
tinue in flower a long time. After the tops are 
killed by the frost, allow the tubers to remain in 
the ground for a week, in order to ripen. 
Frames and Pits. — Have these ready to receive 
the plants as they are taken up from the border. 
Carinas. — Take up before the foliage is killed by 
frost, and lay in a shed for a fortnight, and then 
store the same as Dahlias. 
Peonies. — The best time to set Peonies is in the 
fall, as they start too early -in the spring to be 
moved with safety. 
Perennials. — Transplant those sown in the spring 
to the place -where they are to (lower. 
Greenhouse and Window Plants. 
The greenhouse ought to be ready for receiving 
all plants which arc outeide, as soon as there arc 
any signs of frosts. The tender ones must be 
taken in early, in order to have them grow well 
during the winter. 
Annuals. — Sow seeds of annuals, for winter flower- 
ing, in pans of rich soil, and prick out as soon as 
large enough to handle. 
Bidbs. — Pot all bulbs for winter flowering, aud 
allow them to remain in a dark place for a few 
weeks, to promote the formation of roots. 
Insects. — Every plant ought to -be thoroughly 
cleansed before being taken into the greenhouse, 
so as to remove all insects, and in order to keep 
the house clear of those pests of plant growth. 
Materials. — See that all pots, soil, moss, etc., are 
in readiness for winter, so that nothing may occur 
to hinder work. 
Forcing Plants. — Take up all shrubs which are to 
he forced for winter flowering, pot them, and 
store in a cold frame, giving water occasionally 
until February, when they may be brought into 
heat and forced. 
Mouse Plants. — Re-pot plants which have become 
u pot-bound 11 in good, rich soil, and keep in the 
shade for a few days until established. 
Cattle Eating Dry Karth.— C. New- 
ton, Fayville, Mass., wants to know why his cattle eat 
dry earth in winter, when tliey have a liberal supply of 
meal and roots, and plenty of the best hay. This is be- 
cause earth is a part of their natural food. In pasturing, 
ruminant animals partly cut off the grass and partly tear 
it up by the roots, taking more or tees earth with it. The 
food is stored in large quantities in the first stomach, 
whero it is more or less fermented under the influence of 
the warmth and moisture to which it rs subjected. The 
earth neutralizes the acids, and perhaps condenses the 
gases thus formed, and prevents the distension and dis- 
comfort that would ensue. When cattle are fed on clean 
forage, they merely gratify a healthful appetite in eating 
earth. This indicates the advisability of feeding roots 
without washing them. 
Fowls for Town.Dwcllers.-W. F. 
W., Selin's Grove, Pa., aska us to name a breed of fowls 
proper for a family living in town, who would keep a few 
only, and desire good layers, and also large-sized birds for 
the table. These conditions are fulfilled by the Brah- 
mas, either Light or Dark. They are fair layers of rich 
eggs, and produce well in fall and winter, there being no 
breed that distributes its laying favors so evenly through 
the year, a trait very desirable where the eggs are for 
family use. The great size of the Brahmas is too well 
known to need mention. 
■ i m ■ - 
Commercial Matters— Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care- 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
Sept. 15, 1871, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT THE NEW TOnK MARKETS. 
Krokipts. Flnnr. Illteat. Com. Rue. Rarlej/. Out*. 
:.'.-. .lavs tills ni'lli.371.00n 3,Si)-.,IXK) S.lOl.OOO 191.000 115,000 1,219,000 
26 clays /«»« m - lli.31-3,000 2,736,000 4,117,000 37,000 16,100 911.000 
Sales. Flnnr. Wheat. Corn. lii/e. Barleu. Oats. 
25il:ivs(//Km'tli.3.'3,000 4,9*1,000 3,615,000 96,000 51,0001.224,000 
26 days ;«»Mn'lli.301,000 3,123,000 4,037,000 178,000 11,4001,319,000 
2. Comparison loitk same period at this tuns last year. 
Receipts. Flow. Wlieal. Corn. Rye. Barleu. Oats. 
25 (lays 1871 371,000 3.S05.000 2,104,000 191.000 ll\00O l,81!),i'00 
26 days 1370... .596,000 2,354,000 1,581,000 57,500 151.0U0 1,429,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. line. Barley. Oats. 
25 days 1871... 323,000 4.939,000 8.615.00C 96.000 51,000 1,224,000 
26 days 1870... 291,000 2,656,000 1,719,000 37,010 4,850 1,531,000 
3. Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to Sept. 14. 
Flour. Wheat. Corn 
1871 1,248,63? 13,212,359 7,850.1 
1870 1,315,234 12^33,854 
1369 975,290 1 1 ,615,661 
1868 042,953 1>,3S5,078 
Rue. Barley. 
i,53U,«w 881,177 Sl,79'7 
301,431 65,734 
1,557,677 111,006 
5,300.515 153,093 
Oats. 
20,433 
11,806 
45.097 
42,159 
4. Stock of grain in store at 
Wlieat. Corn, Hue, 
1871. bush. liusli. 
Sept. 12 471,710 S,310.sy9 
An;:. 14 397,516 2,403,359 
JulvlO 3S".,163 634.954 
Juno 13 230.350 293,188 114,783 
May 9 283.700 2.59.315 160,734 
JVeio York. 
bush 
30.492 
31,599 
90.915 
Barley, 
lnisli. 
9,483 
811.871 
.1,523.785 
..2.203.677 
...3,685,116 
April 10. 
March 13 
Fel). 13... 
Jan. 16... 
1870. 
Dec. 15 3,060,782 
Nov. 9 2,092.!") 
Oct. 10 1.809,921 
Sept. 12 1,387,487 
180,947 15i>,961 
204,388 150,514 
311.471 148,493 
272,618 157,730 
203,319 14S.009 
300.000 116.800 
47<..544 58,391 
761,894 50,869 
3,480 
50.725 
164.39-1 
Oats, Mall, 
bush. bush. 
884.629 187.525 
34,405 177,484 
274,099 199,541 
331,159 1 12,512 
370.221) 171.933 
709.363 171 897 
329.319 1,133.897 218,131 
481.863 1.409,995 245,134 
554,491 1,736,936 216,394 
500.397 2,085.13; 23l,i;o 
400.400 2.125.0H0 
184.803 1.019.1151 237.453 
107,474 1,053,079 130.S81 
5. Receipts at head of tide-water at Albany each sea- 
son to Sept. llh : 
Flour. Wheat. Com. Rue. Barley. Oats. 
bbls. hush. bush. bush. busli. bush. 
1871 149,800 9,230.000 13,937,100 207,100 90.100 1.893.900 
1870 249,000 8,737,800 2,927,600 315,400 94,300 2,330,500 
Current Wholesale Pricks. 
Aug. 10. Sept. 15. 
Price or Goi.n ... , 11%% 114 
Flour— Super to Extra Stale *4 40 @ 6 25 $5 50 era 7 15 
Super to Extra Southern., . . 4 90 <a 9 50 5 00 i» 9 75 
Extra Western. su ©9 00 6 20 © 9 7.5 
Extra Genesee 6 30 ©8 25 7 15 ©8 75 
Superfine Western 4 40 ©5 00 5 50 a 6 00 
Uve Flour 3 85 © 5 00 4 10 © 5 15 
Corn-Meat 3 30 © 4 15 3 30 © 4 10 
Wheat— All kinds or White. 1 45 © 1 65 1 55 @ 1 70 
All kinds ol lied and Amber. 1 30 © 1 51 1 40 © 1 65 
Corn- Vellow 71 © S3 75 © 77 
Mixed . 67 © 69« 71 © 73 
Oats — Western 35 © 51 50 © 53 
Stale Nominal. — © — 
KVE 75 @ 85 80 © 98 
Barley Nominal. 80 © 95 
Hav— Hale V 100ms 115 ©165 1 05 © 1 55 
Straw, ^ 100 n.s 60 © 1 20 00 ©110 
Cotton— Middlings, *> Tb .. 18V© 19% 2iX© 21Jf 
Hops— Crop ol 1870. V lb 15 @ 25 18 © SO 
Cropofl871 @ 40 © 55 
Feathers— Live Geese. ^ lb 65 ©75 70 © 76 
Sunn— Clover. V n> Via® 11 loi,'© iij{ 
Timothy, f bushel 4 00 ©4 50 3 00 ©3 50 
Flax. V' bushel 2 05 © — 2 00 ©2 06 
Sugar— mown. i9 lb 8^@ 10% »%% 11 
Molasses. Cuba. i»eal. ... . 20 © 45 20 © 45 
Coffee— RiolUold, in bond). 10^@ n% 11 © 14!,' 
Tobacco. Kentucky, dsc..?»Ib. 6 © 12 7),'© 14 
Seed Leaf. V V> 12 © 70 14 @ 60 
Wool— Domestic Fleece,?! tb. 50 © 70 50 ® 6s 
Domestic, pulled, it* Tb 38 © 65 37 © 63 
California, unwashed 23 © 40 2i © 40 
Tallow. * Tb Z'AM $'A 8J<@ $% 
Oil-Cake— V ton 39 00 ©42 50 37 00 ©39 50 
Pork-Moss. W barrel 13 50 ©13 62^ 13 62 ©13 75 
Prime 59 barrel 10 75 ©11 00 10 Oil ©10 50 
Beef- Plain iness son a. 12 50 son ©n r.o 
I.Aitn in troR. & barrels, *>». 8V@ $% 9 © 9^ 
rtiTTTEB-State, «• U> 13 © 32 13 © 32 
Weslern. V lb 10 © 2.1 10 © 23 
Cheese ■- 6 © 11 5 © 11 
BivNS-* lmsliel 62 © 3 80 125 ©3 90 
Peas- Canada, free,* bu.... 130 ©135 l 18 © 1 25 
linns-Fresh. * dozen .... 19 @ 23 ZVA® 28 
Poi-ltrt- Live Fowls 17 © 20 16 © 22 
Turkevs *>» 18 © 20 19 © 22 
Geese.Vpair 175 ©3 00 175 ©3 00 
Dnrki ¥* pair ' 3 @ 1 1- bi @ 1 ou 
Potato!.*. J» bbl" 1 00 ® 2 00 1 20 & 235 
Cabbages-?* 100 4 50 m 8 SO 3 00 @ . 00 
Broom -cobn-S lb 4 @ S 2)S® M 
Appt es— if* barrel 1 ?:> @ 3 00 2 00 @ 4 »J 
Pf.aphes-^ basket 50 @ 1 SO 75 @ 2 50 
Pkarr—? barrel — <$ — "00 ©10 00 
Grapes— ¥ pound _ @ _ g @ 
18 
Gold has advanced to lUKi closing, September 14th, at 
114 Under more favorable foreign advices, there has 
been a decided improvement in values of Breadetuffc, 
with an active home and export demand for the leading 
articles, also some speculative inquiry, closing strong in 
most instances. The scarcity of ocean freight-room 
and the high rates claimed by ship-owners have been 
against the outward movement Provisions have- 
been more freely dealt in ; Hog products have been 
quoted firmer ; Butter, heavy ; Cheese, steady "Wool 
has attracted attention and has shown lees buoyancy as 
to price, but holders have not been eager to place stocks 
at less than full asking figures Cotton has been. 
quite freely purchased at higher prices Tobacco 
lias been quoted dearer on a fair trade Hops have 
been in reduced stock and good request at better rates. 
. . . ."?. Seeds have been quiet and depressed. 
Itfew Yorli TAs <-S(<>(k IVIai-lccts. 
week kxdtnq Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. Tot" I. 
AugU6t21st 9,330 105 2.956 28,869 17,234 58,494 
August 28tll 8,153 68 2,749 34,019 22.S11 67,830 
September 4th 7,973 81 3,555 27,729 24,272 63,610 
September 11th 9,356 121 2,777 32,373 30,610 75,237 
Total in 4 Weeks.... 34,812 375 12,037 123,020 91.927 Si.5.171 
do.forprev. 5 Weeks 37,302 400 14.43S 145,213 114,825 312,235 
Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine, 
Average per Week 8,703 94 3,009 30,755 23,757 
do. do. lam Month.... 7,460 81 2,898 29,043 22.965 
do. do.preVs Month... £,M9 81 3,075 2-7,616 27,107 
Average per Week, 1S70. 6,847 97 2,240 28,1.51 17,108 
do. do. do. 1869. 6,275 92 1,752 28,836 15,348 
■ do. do. do. 186S 5,733 105 1,583 27.182 1S.809 
do. do. do. 1867. 5,534 64 1.320 22,154 20,605 
do. do. do. 1S66. 5,748 y4 1,200 20,000 13,000 
do. do <lo. 1SC5. 5,255 US 1.500 16,091 11,023 
Total in 1869 826,280 4.827 91,033 L499,509 798,199 
Total in 1868 ' 598.128 W66 82,5:1 1,413,479 978,081 
Total in 1S67 293,832 3.369 69.911 1,174.154 1,102.643 
Total iu 1866 298.880 4,885 62.420 1.040,000 672.(100 
Total in 1865 270,271 6,161 71,991 836.733 573,190 
Total in ISM 267,009 7,003 75,021 782,462 660,277 
Beef Cattle.— The weekly average for the past four 
weeks exceeds the average of the previous five weeks by 
1,243 head, and is 1,836 greater than the weekly average 
of last yatir. "While there has been plenty of thin, im- 
mature native cattle and a large number of Texans, the 
quality has averaged better than usual for the season. 
The demand has improved with the cooler weather and 
the return of our summer wanderers, and trade has been 
generally good and fairly remunerative to shippers. For 
the second week under review, prices declined Y 2 c.@i%c. 
per lb., but this decline was recovered in the third week, 
and the close was firm at the rates given at the close of 
last month. 
Below we give the range of prices, average price, and 
figures at which large lots were sold : 
Aug. 21st, ranged 7 ©12KC Large saleslO&rgill^c. Av. rr 
Am:. SSth. (In. 7 ®'2#c. do. do. 10w@ll c. do. 10V 
Sept. 4th, do. 6"^(3;12Hc. do. do. 10^@11}£c. do. II 
Sept. 11th, do. 7 @12&'c. do. do. 11 @ll^c. do. 1P< 
ITIilcli Cows, — An increased supply has met the 
improved demand incident to the season, and trade has 
been moderately active, more especially for the last two 
weeks, at sustained prices. Mixed with a considera- 
ble number of old. worn-out stock were some fair to 
good milkers and some promising young heifers, but 
nothing really fine, and all in thin flesh. Some of the 
poorest offered as milch cows were sold at $30 (a) $35 
each ; and some of the best, with good calves by their 
sides, sold at $80@$85; but $40® $75 U the genera! 
range Calves. — Fat veal calves have been com- 
paratively scarce and have ruled firm, with an advancing 
tendency. Grass calveB were plenty, but sold readily at 
nearly sustained prices up to last week, since which 
time the market lias been overstocked, with a marked 
decline. A few lots of fine, thrifty, well-bred calves have 
arrived, but the bulk of the receipts were poor to com- 
mon. Good to prime milk-fed are firm at 9%C. ©lOUc 
per lb. ; common to fair sell at T^c. @9c. ; mixed lots, 
half grassers and half milk-fed to slaughterers at 5 l jC. @ 
7c. ; and common to best grassers to feeders at $5 @ $!> 
per head Sheep and Lambs.— The average re- 
ceipts show a Blight increase over the average for last 
month, but the demand has kept even pace with the 
larger offering and the market has ruled unusually 
steady. Excepting a few car-loads, weekly, from Ohio 
and from Canada, the sheep have been of only common 
to fair quality, and the lambs, particularly the large 
number from Canada, have not been so good as in 
former years at this season. Poor to medium sheep have 
sold at 4'£c. ©514c. per fl>. ; fair to good at 5J4c @ 6c. ; 
and prime to best selections at 6j£c © 6%c, with one 
lot of extra, last week, at 7c. Lambs range from 6JaC. @ 
7< I 4C. per fl>. generally, with some of the worst at 5'jC. @, 
6c, and prime to extra lots at 8c.@8 J ic Swine.— 
There has been a small increase in the receipts and more 
sales of live hogs. Quite a nnmber of car-loads have 
come in from this State and from Michigan, consigned to 
commission salesmen. With unimportant fluctuations 
in prices, the market has been much the same as for the 
preceding month. Live hogs have sold at 4?gC. @5?£c. 
per 7b., with one car-load of choice State, this week, at 
$5.30 per 100 lbs. ; and dressed are quoted at 6c. @ 7c, 
with the bulk of the sales at 6J4C @ 63£c, closing eteady. 
