LOWER LIAS : POLDEN HILLS. 83 
clays, with bands of marly limestone, and sometimes hard and 
compact beds, even-bedded or nodular, that represent mainly the 
zone of Ammonites Bucklandi. Near King's Farm these beds 
were seen to dip in a northerly direction, and to be faulted 
in three places. Beyond, in the direction of Cossington, the 
beds are bent into an undulating synclinal fold, and thence 
outcrop for some distance with regularity, dipping in a southerly 
direction at an angle of about 15 degrees. In this great series, 
which may be estimated at 160 feet thick, there is a band of lime- 
stone to about every 4 feet of clay, and these beds may be traced 
on, until they are underlain by 20 feet of the lower limestones 
belonging to the zone of Ammonites planorbis. Very few fossils 
appear in the beds, but Ostrea liassica ranges about 50 feet 
above the basal limestones 
I have been informed by Mr. Henry Corder, of Bridgwater, 
that some large Ammonites were obtained, also Nautilus, large 
specimens of Lima yigantea, some with Ostrea attached to them, 
Gryphcea arcuata, and Rhynchonella calcicosta. Mr. J. F. M. 
Clarke (the Resident Engineer), who kindly accompanied me 
along the railway, obtained bones of Ichthyosaurus, Coprolites, 
small specimens of Cypricardia, Lima tuberculata, and Pecten 
suttonensis (P. Pollux)* 
In the lower limestones, Mr. Corder has noted a bed, about 
6 feet above the While Lias, crowded with Pleuromya crowcombeia, 
as at Dunball. Kemains of Plesiosaurus were found east of Cos- 
sington. Here also Ammonites planorbis occurs in abundance, and 
some remains of Otozamites were obtained by Mr. Clarke. The 
beds are faulted at many places along the railway, but the 
southerly dip, before mentioned, helps to bring up the Khsetic 
Beds near Cossington. They are well shown in cuttings by the 
railway-station. The junction-beds were as follows : 
FT. Ix. 
["Clays with two or three massive beds of ") 
r Q T argillaceous limestone - - - \ 9 
Lower Lias < <~n u j 
| days and thin stone- beds - - - J 
I Pale laminated calcareous shales - 6 
f" White Lias, four heds of pale and compact") 
limestone, with clay partings; yielding 
Pleuromya, Cardium rhceticum, Lima [ A a 
prcecursor. . . [ 
The lowest bed resembles Gotham mar- | 
RhcEtic Beds 4 ble in texture - J 
^ Bluish-grey and yellow shaly clay with 
"race" - 4 6 
Bed of hard banded limestone 1 1 
Dark blue aud black paper-shales rusty at 
top, with thin limestone-layers and nodules 
[_ of limestone, exposed to depth of - - 16 
The uppermost clayey division of the Lower Lias, occurs over 
the flat meadow-land bordering the Marlstone escarpment, at 
Long Load, Martock, Ilchester, Mudford, Marston Magna, and 
* Identified by G. Sharman. See account of railway-cuttings, with diagram- 
section, by J. F. M. Clarke, Proc. Bath Nat. Hist. Club, 1891, vol. vii. p. 127. 
F 2 
