134 LIAS OF ENGLAND AND WALES: 
well exposed at Weston, Twerton (Twiverton), Saltford and 
Keynsham. 
The lowest beds are seen' in the cutting of the Midland "Railway 
west of Weston Station, where we find hard blue and grey lime- 
atones with shaly partings, containing Ostrca liassiea, and resting 
on the White Lias. At the adjoining lime-works, nearer the rail- 
way-station, and on the south side of the railway, we find higher 
beds belonging to the zones of A. angulatus, and A. Bucklandi. 
The beds comprise hard blue and brown limestones and blue sandy 
shales, with A. Bucklandi, Gryphcea arcuata, Lima gigantca (small 
forms), L. Herrnanni, Ostrea liassica, O. irrcgularis. and Pecten 
lunularis. At these lime-works the Blue Lias is burnt into brown 
lime, for building-purposes ; and Carboniferous Limestone is 
burnt into white lime, for agricultural purposes. 
Other quarries are situated to the north of the railway, and 
show the upper part of the stone-beds with 3 feet of brown and 
grey clay on top ; and from these Moore obtained many fossils.* 
He has recorded, in addition to the species before mentioned, 
Ammonites angulatus, A. Conybearei, and A. Turneri, Nautilus 
lineatus, N. intormcdius, Plenrotoma.ria anglica (and a number of 
other Gasteropoda), Cardinia Listeri, Pholadomya. ambigua, 
Plicatula intusstriata, Unicardium cardioides, Pecten Pollux* 
P. sublcevis, Avicula incequivalvis, Spiriferina Walcotti, Rhyn- 
chonella calcicosta, together with some remains of Saurians. 
Fishes, &c. I have obtained also Rhynchonella plicatissima, 
Terebratula punctata, and Pholadomya glabra. 
The full thickness of the Blue Lias series at Weston appears 
to be 56 feet.t 
On the opposite side of the valley at Pennyquick near Twerton, 
the Blue Lias beds have been largely worked for road-stone and 
for lime-burning. At one quarry the beds are shown to a depth 
of 16 feet, and consist of blue and grey limestones, some irregular 
and nodular, with partings of clay and shale. The beds belong 
to the zone of Ammonites Biicklandi,and yield that fossil together 
with Gryphcea arcuata, Pecten lunularis, P/wladomya glabra... 
Rhynchonella calcicosta, Pcntacrinus basaltiformis , &c. Morris, 
records Nautilus lineatus, Lima gigantea, and Pleurotomaria 
anglica.\ 
A fine section showing about 50 feet of the Blue Lias series 
down to the "White Lias, was exposed in a cutting of the Great 
Western Kailway west of Saltford, and has been recorded by 
Messrs. Bristow and Etheridge. 
North of Keynsham Station there is a quarry showing lime- 
stones with Ammonites angulatus, A. rotiformis, A. semicostatus ? 
Qryphaa arcuata (abundant), Pleuromya costata, Cardinia, 
Ostrea irregular is, and Rhynchonella plicatissima (abundant). 
* Moore, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xxiii. p. 497 ; see also Proc. Cottcswold 
Club, vol. iv. p. 84. 
f Lonsdale, Trans. Geol. Soc., ser. 2, vol. in. p. 243. 
J Geol. Mag., 1868, p. 234. 
Vertical Sections (Geol. Survey), [Sheet 46, No. 9; see also sections by W . 
Sanders, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xvi. p. 399, Wright, Lias Ammonites, 
p. 36, and Phillips, Geol. Oxford, p. 113. 
