162 LIAS OF ENGLAND AND WALES: 
hybrida, Modiola scalprum, Leda complanata, Pholadomya am- 
bigua, and Myoconcha (near to) decorata* The Marble, which 
had been dug up near the L. & N. W. Railway station, yields 
Gryphcea cymbium, Pecten textorius, Hippopodium ponderosum, 
Cardinia hybrida (recorded also from the clay), and Ammonites 
Jimbriatus. These fossils were identified by Messrs. Sharman and 
Newton. 
North of the road N.W. of Nethercote, there is a brickyard 
showing bluish-grey and brown micaceous clay, with at the base 
a shelly clay with crinoiclal remains; still lower there is a band of 
blue shelly limestone, ferruginous nodules arid cement-stones, 
about 1 foot thick. This is no doubt the equivalent of the 
Banbury Marble ; it contains Pecten, Grypluza, Inoceramas 
ventricosus, and Cardinia, while Ammonites Henleyi occurs in the 
clay. Blue clay occurs at the base of the Marble, and clay 
belonging to the same zone, has been opened up at Warkworth, 
as noted by Prof. Green. 
North-east of the Nethercote brickyard, there is an old pit 
showing sandy beds overlying bluish-grey micaceous clays. These 
probably belong to the zone of Ammonites margaritatus. 
North-west of Aynho Station there is a brickyard showing blue 
and brown clays with ironstone nodules. I could find no fossils. 
but the beds probably belong to the zone of Ammonites capri- 
cornus. Much of the area mapped as Lower Lias in the neighbour- 
hood of Deddington, belongs however to the Middle Lias (zone 
of Ammonites margaritatus\ from the fact that the boundary 
between Lower and Middle Lias was taken at the top of the stiff 
clays, which include portions of the zone of A. margaritatus. 
Rugby. 
The lower beds of the Lower Lias have been exposed in a 
cutting on the Rugby and Birmingham railway (by the 87th 
milestone), west of Church Lawford. The section was as follows : 
T f Paper shales, with much pyrites and selenite, small 
y." P 4 nodules of tough earthy limestone, and numerous 
ias ' L spines of Echini - - about 20 feet. 
f Compact blue-hearted and buff limestone, with hard"! 
y,, , . I nodules or pebbles of limestone at top, in places - ( 5 to 6 
ae ic ^ jj ar( j jj u fj limestones, fissile in places, and much iron- f feet, 
stained ..... .J 
t_Greenish-grey marl - - - - 5 to 8 feet. 
Keuper. Red and green marls. 
The paper-shales that here constitute the base of the Lower 
Lias, present a striking resemblance to the black paper-shales 
(Avicula-contorta beds) of the Rhaetic series ; and it is noteworthy 
that the latter are not represented at this locality. Here how- 
ever, as at Harbury, the calcareous element is poorly developed in 
the basement-beds of the Lower Lias. 
* Lists of fossils have been published by A. H. Greon, Geol. Banbury (Mem. 
Geol. Survey, Sheet 45), p. 5 ; and T. Beesley, Proc. Warwickshire) Field Club, 1872. 
