UPPER MAS: ILMINSTER. 257 
from the " Upper Cephalopoda Beds " certain species (e.g., Ammonites 
radians, A. variabilis, &c.), whose occurrence is suggestive of the 
passage-beds that link the Lias with the Inferior Oolite. 
The " Upper Cephalopoda Beds" also yield Belemnites^ many 
Gasteropods (Cerithium, Onustus, Pleuroiomaria, &c.) Inoceramus 
dubius, Leda ovum, &c., together with Brachiopods, Echinoclerms, 
Corals, Foraminifera, &c. 
Ammonites annulatus, A. bifrons, A. communis, A. crassus, and 
A. serpentinus occur generally in the Basement Beds of the Upper 
Lias of Somerset. 
The Upper Lias has been exposed in quarries at Down Lane 
(Earn Hill), east of Donyatt ; at Moolham and Tort wood Hill ; 
and by the lane leading to Ash well, on the north of Ilminster. 
These sections usually show the flat nodules of yellowish earthy 
limestone belonging to the Saurian and Fish Bed, but as remarked 
by Moore they are occasionally absent. As a rule the quarries 
show, on top of the Marlstone, 5 or 6 feet of blue and brown 
marly clay with thin irregular interrupted and nodular bands of 
pale earthy limestone, in which the common Ammonites of the 
Basement Beds are usually abundant. 
The sections at Tortwood Hill show the following succession of 
beds : 
FT. IN. 
f Rubbly limestone and clay - -~] 
Pale grey compact limestones and marly | 
clay; Ammonites annulatus, A. bifrons, ^ 39 
Upper Lias 
A. communis, A. Levisoni,A. serpentinus, I 
Belemnites - - -J 
Rpf] 1 ! Denticular masses of pale earthy limestone 
with yellowish coating (Fish Bed); A. ser- 
pentinus - - --03 
Clay with "race" and occasional band of 
earthy limestone ft. 9 in. to 1 4 
Pale earthy and sandy limestone, much"] 
iron-stained ; with large Belemnites I ,. c 
Middle Lias 
(Marlstone). 
(abundant) 
Sandy marl - -J 
Brown sandy and grey iron-shot limestones, 
much jointed and iron-stained ; Belemnites 
(abundant), Pecten cequivalvis, Gryphcea 
gigantea, Terebratula, Rhynchonella .70 
Ferruginous sandy clay - - - 6 
Limestones as above, seen to depth of - 3 
The thin layer of limestone and marl on top of the main mass 
of Marlstone may represent the Transition Bed of Northampton- 
shire. 
The Saurian and Fish Bed and the Leptana-beds are noted by 
Moore in a section at Kingston, south-west of Ilminster, " but 
the former is only represented by a few very flattened nodules, in 
which no organisms have been found, some of the nodules not 
being larger than a crown-piece." He adds that about half a 
mile nortl) of the Kingston section, in the range in which the 
Strawberry Bank quarry is situated, there was a quarry in a 
E 70859. u 
