268 LIAS OF ENGLAND AND WALES : 
fossils has been lately published by Dr. F. Smithe, and Mr. W. C. 
Lucy.* 
The Upper Lias outcrops on the northern side of Rredon Hill, 
where its thickness was estimated by Mr. Howell at about 100 
feet. It has been traced continuously around the northern end 
of the Ootteswold Hills, and in some of the deep inlying valleys, 
although as remarked by Prof. Hull, its outcrop is for the most 
part concealed by oolitic detritus.t In the outlier of Ebrington 
Hill, its thickness has been estimated at 120 feet, by Mr. S. G. 
Hamilton. 
There are few sections on the eastern side of the Cotteswolds, 
bordering the Vale of Moreton, but the beds were exposed in a 
brickyard near Broadwell. Upper Lias clay was exposed at the 
base of the Inferior Oolite Series, in the railway-cutting west of 
Bourton-on -the- Water ; no sections are known near Clapton or 
the Rissingtons ; but the clay has been dug for brick- and tile- 
making to the north of Sherborne. Its thickness in this neigh- 
bourhood has been estimated at from 40 to 70 feet. Further east, 
along the borders of the Evenlode Valley, the thickness diminishes. 
Oxfordshire, 
The Upper Lias is exposed here and there in the valley of 
the Windrush to a point a little east of Burford. In the Even- 
lode Valley it has been exposed at Fawler, where beneath the 
Inferior Oolite the following beds were shown : 
FT. IN. 
f Blue clay with occasional small cement-stones 
Jand ironstone-concretions - 12ft. Oin. to 13 
Brown earthy limestone, with ironstone 
above and below - - - 3 U 
Pale earthy and ferruginous limestone, with 
Ammonites annulatus, A. bifrons, A. com- 
munis, A. crassus, A. serpentinus, Belem- 
nites ventralis - Oft. 2 in. to 3 
Middle Lias - Marlstone (Iron-stone). 
The Upper Lias at the tunnel north of Chipping Norton was 
estimated by Mr. Beesley to be from 30 to 36 feet thick. He 
did not observe any of the limestone-bands at the base of the 
formation, as met with at Bloxham and elsewhere ; but the beds 
apparently were not clearly exposed down to the base.J 
A thickness of nearly 50 feet was proved in a well at Kingham 
Hill, further north ; a well near Bloxham proved 60 feet, while 
near Banbury the thickness is about the same. 
In the railway-cuttings west of Hook Norton, the Upper Lias 
clays (zone of Am. communis] were well shown beneath the 
Inferior Oolite series, and there many fossils have been collected 
* Proc. Cotteswold Club, vol. x. p. 202. 
t Geol. Cheltenham, pp. 24, 25. 
: Proc. Geol. Assoc., vol. v. p. 180. 
