UPPER LIAS : BANBUKY. 269 
by Mr. Beesley,* Mr. E. A. Walford,f Mr. J. Windoes, and myself. 
They include the following species: 
Ammonites annulatus, Belemnites subaduncatus. 
bifrons. vulgaris. 
communis. Area elegans. 
crassus. Inoceramus dubius. 
fibulatus. Leda ovum. 
elegans (subplanatus p). Nucula. 
Belemnites acutus. Discina reflexa. 
ilminsterensis. 
The clays contain small nodules of limestone. Here and else- 
where in the neighbourhood of Banbury, Ammonites fibulatus 
appears to be the prevalent Ammonite in the clays. Only a few 
of the specimens found, are in a perfect condition, most of them 
having lost their inner whorls. It is a species intimately linked 
with A. Holandrci. (See p. 250.) 
The Upper Lias has been traced in straggling outliers and 
inliers, from Chipping Norton to Tysoe Hill, near Compton 
Wynyate, and Shenlow Hill, west of Shenington. The main out- 
crop passes through Great Tew, and borders the Cherwell valley 
at Steeple Aston and Upper and Lower Heyford. 
Whether or not the Upper Lias, or indeed any portion of the 
Lias extends beneath Oxford is not known. The evidence of the 
saline waters met with in an artesian well at St, Clement's 
Brewery, Oxford, led Prof. Prestwich to suggest that the Oolites 
there rested directly on the New Red Sandstone Series.J In the 
Burford Signett boring the thickness of the Upper Lias has been 
estimated at 82 feet, and at Wytham near Oxford at about 14 
feet. At Wytham moreover there appears to be a thickness of 
170 feet, of Lower and Middle Lias; and it this be true, the 
Lias probably does extend below Oxford. 
The junction of Upper Lias (Basement Beds) and Marlstonc 
haa been well exposed in the railway-cutting east of Bloxham 
station. The section is as follows : 
FT. IN. 
Grey and brown ferruginous clay with sele- 
nite ; with, at, or near the base, a Penta- 
crinite bed, a thin layer made up almost 
entirely of Crinoidal remains, with much 
pyrites. 
, j Red ferruginous loamy layer with ironstone- 
Upper Lias -<j nodules * _ _ .05 
Blue and grey marly clay with thin bands of 
grey ferruginous nodular earthy limestone, 
Ammonites communis, A. bifrons, A. serpen- 
tinus, &c. - - 
|_Pale grey earthy limestones - 
J Earthy iron-shot limestone, and compact 
banded ironstone (in places). 
Brown and bluish-green marlstone, with 
n -J i T, i i -L. ctn rv 
Cnnoidal bed in places near the top, about 20 
j Blue and brown micaceous sandy shales 
{_ (base not seen) - 3 
* Proc. Geol. Assoc., p. 169. See also Hudleston, Ibid., p. 388. 
f Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xxxix. p. 229. 
1 Pnper road before the Ashmolean Society, Oxford, June 12, 187P. 
