UPPER LIAS: KETTERING. 279 
A well sunk at the Midland Station at Wellingborough, reached 
the Marlstone Rock-bed at a depth of 150 feet. 
Mr. Thompson remarks that " The Lower Lcda-ovum beds are 
nearly on a level with the river Nen for a good many miles 
eastward of Northampton, showing that the dip of the beds, in a 
north-easterly direction, is about equal to the fall of the river." 
A short distance north-east of Thrapston, the Upper Lias is no 
longer visible, owing to coverings of Alluvium and River Gravel, 
but Prof. Judd states that it forms the bed of the Nen. It has 
been reached in deep wells, and he has observed it in places, near 
the Mill at Wadenhoe, at Oundle (where it was reached in a deep 
excavation by the side of the railway), at Cotterstock, and between 
Fotheringhay and Wansford.* 
Tiie tract of country northwards by Great Brington, Cottes- 
brook, Thornby, Clipston, and Oxenden Magna, is largely covered 
by Drift, which rests on the Upper Lias clays, but the Basement- 
beds extend further west than is shown on the Geological Survey 
map, having been exposed in railway-cuttings near Long Bucky, 
Crick, and Watford. 
I again make use of Mr. Thompson's observations in recording the fossili- 
ferous horizons. 
The Lower and Middle Leda-beds have been exposed in the railway (North- 
ampton to Rugby) north of Great Brington ; and the Unfossiliferous Beds 
near Long Buckby, and again near Kelmarsh Station (Northampton and 
Market Harborough railway). 
Brickyards have been opened at Long Buckby (U. Leda-beds), north of 
Holdenby, at Spratton (L. Leda-beds), west of Creaton, north of Hazlebeech, 
Naseby, near Oxenden Magna, and Arthingworth (Unfossiliferous Bedsj.f 
Eastwards, the Upper Lias is covered by a large outlying mass 
of Lower Oolites extending from Northampton to Roth we 11 and 
Kettering ; a mass disconnected further east by the valley of the 
Ise, a tributary of the Nen. Beds with Leda ovum have been 
worked in a brickyard north of Pitsford. 
The following section, to which I was conducted by Mr, 
Thompson, is shown at Moulton Brickyard : 
FT. IN. 
Brown sandy soil. 
("Yellow and brown sands, with films or layers 
| of ironstone - - - 9 
Northampton] Thin beds of ferruginous sandstone. 
Beds. | Ferruginous and calcareous sandstone (green- 
hearted) with rolled masses of argillaceous 
[_ limestone - 6 
f Blue clay, sandy near top, with occasional 
Upper Lias - < septaria, and an Oyster-bed (limestone), 13 
I feet down - - - - - 15 
At the base of the Northampton Beds there are rolled masses of 
argillaceous limestone containing Ammonites bifrons, derived from 
the Upper Lias, and bored. The Upper Lias yields Ammonites 
bifrons, A. elegans, A. lythensis, A. lympharum, Bclemnitcs 
* Geol. Rutland, p 86. 
f See also Aveline and Howell, Geol. part of Leicestershire, p. 6. 
J Jouru. Norihamptonshire Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. v. p. 66. 
