SANDS : PHOSPHATES. 299 
ing moulded, pressed and common bricks, pantiles, ridge-tiles, 
copings, flooring-, and oven-squares. 
In other places as at Seaton, building-, well-, and floor-bricks, 
roof-, ridge-, floor-, and drain-tiles, garden- and chimney-pots 
are manufactured. 
Sands. 
The sandy beds of the Lias, with the exception of those belong- 
ing to the passage-beds (Mid ford Sands), are seldom employed 
for economic purposes. The Midford Sands will be referred to 
in the volume dealing with the Inferior Oolite. 
In the upper part of the Middle Lias in certain areas there are 
sands with hard concretionary masses of calcareous sandstone. 
These beds are well shown on the Dorsetshire coast, but as a rule 
the sands are more or less loamy and calcareous, and are not 
adapted for any particular economic purposes. 
A micaceous sandy Icam obtained at Thrupp (Thorpe), about 
2 miles N.E. of Dav entry, was used for moulds by the Bell- 
Founders.* This no doubt was Middle Lias. 
PI to sj) hates. 
No phosphatic deposits of economic value are known to occur 
in the Liassic rocks of this country. 
True Coprolites are found occasionally in the Lower Lias. The 
name was given by Buckland,t in 1829, to nodules that represent 
the fossil faeces of Saurians and Fishes, many of which were 
obtained at Lyme Regis. 
Phosphatic nodules and phosphatized fossils occur in the Lower 
Lias near Radstock. A sample analyzed by W. W Stoddart, 
showed the following composition^ : 
Calcic carbonate - 
sulphate - 
phosphate 
Iron peroxide 
Alumina 
Silica 
Moisture - 
Bituminous matter 
100-00 
Although the percentage of phosphate of lime is considerable, 
there are injurious ingredients in the silica, alumina, and carbonate 
* J. Woodward, Nat. Hist. Foss. Eng., Part I., p. 9. 
f Proc. Geol. Soc., vol. i. pp. 97, 143 ; Trans. Geol. Soc., ser. 2, vol. iii. p. 223. 
These. Coprolites "were originally named " Bezoar-stones," from their external re- 
semblance to the concretions in the gall-bladder of the Bezoar-goat, once so celebrated 
in medicine. (See p. 70.) 
J E. B. Tawney, Proc. Bristol Nat. Soc., ser. 2, vol. i. p. 181. 
