INFERIOR OOLITE SERIES : CHEPWORTH. 127 
Interesting modifications of the beds are met with, but the series is not 
complete, as we have no exposure" of the Oolite Marl in these railway- 
cuttings, although that division may be found in the neighbourhood of 
Chedworth. These marls with Terebratula fimbria were exposed by the 
road-side to the east of the Roman Villa, and they occur above freestone 
that is worked in a quarry on Yanworth Common. 
Commencing with the lowest strata, the Midford Sand, or passage- 
beds from the Upper Lias Clay ; we find them well exposed in cuttings 
west of Cleevely Wood (c) and again at Withington (E). Beds 1 to 
11 were exposed at Cleveley Wood (c), and they are intimately 
connected with the Pea Grit Series. The Cephalopoda Bed may be 
represented, in point of time, by beds 8 and 9, but no particular fossil 
evidence was forthcoming to distinguish it. Bed 10 may represent the 
Brown Ferruginous Beds (or Lower Limestone) that elsewhere belong to 
the lower part of the Pea Grit Series. (See Fig. 42.) 
A cutting at Withington (E), disclosed about 30 feet of more or less 
micaceous clays, alternating with greenish-grey sands. Fine sections of 
Pea Grit, in massive beds, that were employed for building- purposes, were 
shown in the cutting south of Frogmill Inn (B) , and in the cutting north 
of Withington (B). The beds were overlaid by the Lower Freestone 
(including beds 11 to 15) ; and south of Frogmill (B) the oolitic and sandy 
beds (No. 17) were likewise shown. These beds were more or less shattered 
and disturbed, features due partly to faulting, but in great measure to the 
local dissolution of calcareous matter from the sandy limestones. The 
lower beds of white oolite, above the Pa Grit, are shelly in places, and 
also bored by Anneiides. They were shown again in a cutting east of the 
river Coin, and west of Ravenswell (D), where the beds are much 
disturbed and faulted. There can be little doubt that the strata exposed 
in the cutting to the south of Withington (F) belong to the same series. The 
section showed, at the base, some 8 or 9 feet of false-bedded oolitic 
freestone, bored at various horizons by Anneiides. The beds reminded me 
of the Upper Freestone of Nailsworth, but the evidence is in favour of 
their belonging to the Lower Freestone. Resting on them was an 
impersistent ferruginous nodular and marly layer, about 1 foot thick, and 
on the top there was from 15 to 25 feet of obliquely bedded, rather sandy 
oolite (resembling the Chipping Norton Limestone) iron-stained in places 
and much lime-washed. The mass of the beds here shown, evidently 
belongs to the group immediately above the Pea Grit, as seen in sections 
further north. 
Evidence of Upper Freestone* overlaid by Gryphite Grit, was obtained 
in. a cutting north of Chedworth tunnel and south-west of the Roman 
Villa (L) ; and again further north in the great cutting west of the 
Barrow (K). At the latter spot a bed of black shelly clay, 8 inches to 
1 foot thick, separated these divisions. This clay-bed becomes a trifle 
thicker in a northerly direction, for east of Woodbridge a cutting showed 
the following section (H) : 
FT. IN. 
Gryphite Grit ...... 60 
Laminated loamy bed - - - . - 1 to 1 6 
Upper Freestone (at base of cutting). 
The clay-bed forms part of a more marked layer further north. (See 
pp. 137-143.) 
The Gryphite Grit, having a thickness of from 15 to 18 feet, was well 
shown in the cutting (K) west of the Barrow (near Chedworth Villa). This, 
and the overlying beds, were faulted on the north against the Clypeus 
Grit, and on the south against the Fuller's Eai v th. 
The Trigonia Grits comprise a variable set of hard earthy and shelly 
oolites. On the north side of Chedworth tunnel (L) they were shown to a 
depth of from 10 to 18 feet, and here are fairly fossiliferous. In the 
cutting (K) west of Barrow the beds attain a thickness of 25 feet, yielding 
* This bed is regarded by Mr. Buckman as representing the " Lower Trigonia 
Grit." 
