158 LOWER OOLITIC ROCKS OF ENGLAND: 
Northampton Sand. Beneath the sand and ironstone, a thickness 
of about 8 feet of calcareo-siliceous rock is exposed, one bed near 
the bottom being crowded with fossils, among which Prof. Judd 
recognized the following* : 
Ammonites corrugatus. Hinnites abjectus. 
Murchisonae. Pecten articulatus. 
Belemnites aalensis. demissus. 
ellipticus. personatus. 
Astarte elegans. Trigoiiia costata. 
minima. Pentacrinus Milleri. 
Ceromya bajociana. Latimgeandra Davidson!. 
Cucullaaa oblonga. Montlivaltia trochoides. 
Gresslya peregrina. Thamnastrsea defranciana. 
The Limestones here may belong to the Chipping Norton 
Limestone. From the lower beds, similar assemblages of fossils 
were collected by Prof. Judd, at Mine Hill and Tysoe Mill Hill. 
Prof. Judd refers to a pit, about 20 feet deep, on the hill on 
which Tysoe Mill stands ; this exhibited siliceous limestones with 
ironstone-bandings, in some places passing into loose calcareous 
sands, in others into the ordinary iron-ore of the Northampton 
Sand. At this place marine fossils were rare in the beds, but 
fragments of lignite and plant-remains were very abundant. He 
further states that " In the long spur capped by Northampton 
Sand, which stretches northwards as far as Compton Winyate, we 
find many illustrations of the variable character of the beds which 
lie upon the Upper Lias Clay. Sometimes, as near White House 
Warren, white sands with numerous bands of carbonaceous matter 
occur ; in some places these white sands are found passing into 
hard sand-rock, at others into ferruginous sand,' and at others 
again, as near Broomhill Farm, into cellular ironstone rock. 
At not a few points the sands graduate, within very short 
distances, into a more or less fissile calcareo-siliceous rock 
traversed by hard ferruginous bands. The same rapid variations 
so characteristic of the Northampton S;ind throughout its whole 
range from arenaceous to more or less ferruginous and cal- 
careous rocks, is seen in the numerous outliers to the east of this 
spur, one of which, Epwell Hill, rises to an elevation of 836 feet, 
and constitutes the highest point in the county of Oxford."! 
A pit north-east of White House, north-west of Epwell, 
showed the following section : 
Northampton 
FT. IN. 
"Grey sandy soil - - 6 to 10 
White quartzose eand, here and there 
slightly indurated ; passing down 
into bed below - - 2 6 
Beds ? -n J -j.i r 
Brown sand with ferruginous veins, 
and layers only slightly indurated ; 
with patches of white sand - 4 6 to 
The sand resembles that east of Newbottle Spinney, and may 
perhaps be grouped with the Northampton Beds. It is, however, 
* Geol. Eutland, pp. 17, 18. 
t Geol. Rutland, p. 20. 
