LIME AND CEMENT. 487 
building-purposes, and occasionally for the preparation of hydraulic 
lime. 
The more compact limestones, as a rule, yield the stronger 
limes, for they are more argillaceous than the closely-packed 
oolites. These latter yield lime more suited for manure. 
References have already been made, iu the accounts of the 
subdivisions of the Lower Oolites, to the uses of particular beds. 
The Inferior Oolite is burnt for lime in many parts of the west of 
England, and the material is used on the land and for the preparation of 
mortar. Stronger limes are made from the more compact varieties of the 
Lincolnshire Limestone. 
Calcareous beds associated with the Northampton Sand, have been burnt 
for lime : but in some cases, as near Hazlebeech, in Northamptonshire, it 
was found that great part of the rock ran into slag.* In old times a 
" whitish gritty earth," obtained in the same district, at the Clipstoii 
stone-pit, was used to make a kind of plaster, "mixed only with Water, 
without previous burning." f Earth at Oandle has been similarly used 
(see p. 411). 
West of Ancaster railway-station some of the lower beds of the Lincoln- 
shire Limestone are burnt for lime, that is used in the preparation of 
plaster, and also for agricultural purposes. 
At the "Tunnel Works," Kirton Lindsey, "Blue Lias Lime" as it is 
called, is manufactured by Messrs. H. Parry and Co. from the lower beds 
of the Lincolnshire Limestone. These beds are bluish argillaceous and 
oolitic limestones (Kirton Beds), that in general aspect much resemble 
Lower Lias. They yield a natural hydraulic lime. The several layers are 
mixed so as to yield a lime of uniform strength. The " Lump Lime " is 
used for mortar in stone and brick-work, and it is found to stand the 
weather well. The " Ground Lime " is used more generally for wet work, 
in Reservoirs and for concrete in Foundations. The Lime is also used for 
plaster. (See analyses in Memoir on the Lias, pp. 291, 292.) 
The Fuller's Earth Rock has been burnt for lime near Sherborne in 
Dorsetshire : this is an argillaceous limestone that yields a good building- 
lime. The Fuller's Earth Clay has in old times been used for marling 
land in Gloucestershire. 
The Great Oolite is burnt for lime at Bradford-on-Avon, Bath, and 
onwards to Minchinhampton. 
The white limestones in the upper part of the series are burnt for lime, 
and as the layers vary in quality, it is usual to mix them : these beds, 
alternating as they do with marls, are capable of yielding a strong lime. 
An excellent white lime is made at Whitehill Wood near Ashford Bridge ; 
and the beds are worked to the south of Great Rollright, at Tadmartoii, 
Kirtlington, Aynho, and many other places. 
In Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, and Northamptonshire the Great 
Oolite Limestone is burnt for lime, Loth for agricultural and building- 
purposes the lime, in some cases when made from the compact marly 
limestones, being too strong for application on the land. There are lime- 
kilns at Duston, Kingsthorpe, Maidford, Newport Pagiiell, Bedford, 
Stevington, and many other places. 
The Forest Marble is in many places burnt for lime ; but this is not as 
a rule so good for mortar as that obtained from the Cornbrash. It is 
mostly used on the land. There are lime-kilns at Botheiihampton and 
other places in Dorsetshire, at Scale Hill, near Bruton, near Wanstrow, 
and Frome. 
The Cornbrash has been extensively burnt for lime : in many parts of 
Dorsetshire, between Weymouth and Bradford Abbas ; indeed its outcrop 
is marked by old lime-kilns, as at Upton Noble and onwards to Bicester. 
The thin band has also been utilized at Stevingtou, near Bedford ; and 
the beds are burnt for lime at Peterborough. 
* Aveline, Geol. parts of Northamptonshire and Warwickshire, p. 10. 
t J. Woodward, Nat. Hist. Foss. Eng., Part 1. 1729, p. 7. 
