SALINE SPRINGS. 515 
Made ground - . 
Kimeridge Clay ... 
Corallian beds ... 
Oxford Clay and Kellaways Rock - 
Cornbrash .... 
Forest Marble ... 
The Corallian beds, which occur between the depths of 72 and 112 feet, 
yielded the first supply of water, which issued at the rate of about 1,000 
gallons per hour ; but neither in quality nor in quantity was it deemed 
satisfactory. It contained 144 grains of saline matter per imperial 
gallon. 
Water again was met with at a depth of 730 to 736 feet, rising from the 
Forest Marble at the rate of about 2,000 gallons per hour, and having a 
temperature of 64 F. This water, unfortunately, proved to be much, 
more saline, containing 2,131 grains per imperial gallon, and was there- 
fore utterly unfit for use in the locomotive and stationary engines. 
The following analysis was made by Mr. F. W. Harris : 
grains per gallon. 
Sodium chloride - - 1,824 '37 
Potassium chloride 
Calcium chloride 
Calcium sulphate 
Magnesium chloride 
16-56 
191-11 
1-25 
88-47 
Magnesium carbonate - - - 8" 71 
Silica, Ferric oxide, and alumina - 0'39 
Ammonia - - - - 0'99 
2,131 -85 
The influx of water put a stop to further sinking. For a time it was 
pumped away, but after Christmas 1885 the pumping was discontinued, 
and the water, which had been kept at 253 feet from the surface (or 483 
feet from the bottom of the well), rose eventually, on February 4, 1886, 
to within 25 feet of the ground-level, or about 304 feet above Ordnance 
datum. Although pumping had been resorted to for many months the 
quality of the water remained mach the same. f^S 
The Woodhall Spa, near Horncastle in Lincolnshire, was. discovered in 
boring for coal in 1819. According to Mr. Jukes-Browne the strata pene- 
trated were probably the following : 
FEET. 
Gravel and Boulder Clay - . - 10 
Kimeridge and Oxford Clays - 350 
Kellaways Beds, Cornbrash, and Great Oolite 
Series ------ 140 
Lincolnshire Limestone and Northampton 
Sand 140 
Lias - - - - - - 380 
1,020 
The saline water issues at a depth of 530 feet, and would therefore 
appear to be situated in the Inferior Oolite. 
The water, which formerly overflowed, stands at 50 feet from the 
surface, or at 330 feet from the surface when the pump is at work. 1,000 
gallons an hour can be raised without draining the well. Analysis show& 
1,215 grains of chloride of sodium, 105 of chloride of calcium, 86 of 
chloride of magnesium, 45 of bicarbonate of soda, 30 of sulphate of soda, 
&c., altogether about 1,500 grains of mineral matter per gallon.^ Small 
K K 2 
