THE AU STEAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY. 
279 
it differs already in hairiness, form of leaves and short flower-stalklets ; — from G-. 
Mitchelli in less dense vestiture, the absence of any decurrent protuberance of 
the corolla and the membranously margined seeds ; — from G-. hispida in shorter 
hairiness, prostrate stems, broader leaves, less elongated pedicels and the 
surrounding seed-membrane ; — from G . cycloptera in leafy branches, shape of the 
leaves, disposition of flowers and pale seeds. This plant shares in the tonic 
bitterness, for which so many G-oodenias are remarkable. 
We reprint from the Pharmaceutical Journal of 26th June the following 
paper, read before the School of Pharmacy Students* Association of Great 
Britain. It will interest our readers to know that the author is a native of 
Victoria, and a son of Mr. F. S. Grimwade, of Melbourne : — 
A KINO FROM EUCALYPTUS MACULATA. 
By E. Norton Grimwade. 
The subject of the paper I am about to read before you this evening is an 
Australian kino ; this, I believe, is its first appearance in England, and it has 
never appeared in the English drug markets. I am indebted for my supply 
of the gum to the kindness of Mr. Holmes, who has furnished me with a 
portion of a sample sent to him by a friend in Brisbane. 
The tree which yields the gum is a member of the genus Eucalyptus, and 
has for its confreres those giants of vegetation who rear their mighty forms all 
over the Australian continent. 
The species from which the gum exudes spontaneously is the Eucalyptus 
maculata , which, although not one of the largest of the tribe, is a good sized 
tree ; it often runs up to a height of 90 feet before a branch is given off. 
The tree, I believe, grows mostly in Queensland and New South Wales, 
and should any useful application be found for the gum it could be obtained 
in almost unlimited quantities, and so soon become a drug of the markets. 
So far as I am aware no analysis has yet been made of the gum, and I 
thought an investigation might be a useful addition to our knowledge of the 
Eucalypti, at ail events it would be of some interest to us students of 
pharmacy. 
The gum, as may be seen from specimens, is in a very crude state, 
containing much foreign matter, such as bark, quartz, etc., which renders a 
quantitative analysis a matter of considerable difficulty. 
To begin with, I tried the effect of various solvents, with the result that 
rectified spirit proved to be much the best, dissolving about 80'85 per cent., the 
residue consisting chiefly of impurities, from which I was unable to free the 
gum before weighing. The quantity of extraneous matter would, of course 
largely affect the result, and I have no doubt the pure gum is entirely soluble 
in the above-named menstruum. By the action of cold water about 18*9 
per cent, was dissolved; this solution would contain any tannin existing in the 
gum. Warm water was found to extract a slightly higher percentage, but the 
solution became turbid on cooling. . 
The amount of volatile constituents was determined to be about 7*07 per 
cent., and consisted almost entirely of water, with the merest trace of a volatile 
oil, to which the peculiar aromatic odour, strongly resembling styrol, possessed 
by the gum, is due. 
The quantity of this oil is extremely small ; by steam distilling I succeeded 
in getting two or three drops from about three-quarters of a pound of gum ; 
this sample, though very minute, is sufficient to recognise the characteristic 
odour of the drug. 
