ANOMALOUS PHANEROGAMIC. 
73 
round, almost flat above, but strongly arched below ; it has 
no roots, and 0.05 inch long. A yellow spot is speedily 
discovered on the lower side, which rapidly enlarges itself, 
and produces a new plant, which remains combined with 
the mother plant for some time, so that the plants seem 
to be joined in pairs, but they are finally separated. This 
yellow spot, therefore, is a bud. Lemna arhiza floats about 
in this form, till the end of October or the middle of Novem- 
ber. Dried leaves, intermingled with yellow granules, which 
latter are the winter buds, are then found in the mud of the 
ditches, upon which Lemna arhiza has been floating; these 
buds develop themselves in the ensuing spring. They are 
not so much distinguished from summer buds in L. arhiza as 
in L. polyrhiza ; but they are smaller, of a yellower colour, 
and are triangular with rounded corners. These winter buds, 
in the other species of Lemna, are always without roots, and 
have, therefore, frequently been mistaken for L. arhiza. A 
slit is discovered, when more accurately observed, where the 
bud is about to develop itself, and in it the young buds are 
found to be lying behind and next to each other ; the winter 
buds contain two buds of very unequal size, sometimes a third 
and fourth. The whole plant consists of parenchyma, has 
stomates on the upper surface, but the author could not find 
any nerves or vessels in the interior ; he also saw no fructifi- 
cation. This is a valuable contribution to the knowledge of 
this misunderstood plant. 
FERNS. 
A DESCRIPTION of the germination of Pilularia glohulifera, 
with relation to BischofF’s observations and corrections, will 
be found among the Botanic Aphorisms of Charles Muller, 
Flora, 1840, p. 545. After the capsule has been laying in 
the mud during the winter, it bursts in the spring in the 
shape of four valves, through which it discharges spores and 
sporules, which again produce new plants. The commence- 
ment of the germination he relates in the following manner : 
465 2 G 
