CHAP. XIV.] 
THE NEOTROPICAL REGION. 
43 
Lepidoptera, — The butterflies of the South Temperate Sub- 
region are not numerous, only about 29 genera and 80 species 
being recorded. Most of these are from Chili, which is suffi- 
ciently accounted for by the general absence of wood on the 
east side of the Andes from Buenos Ayres to South Patagonia. 
The families represented are as follows: Satyridae, with 11 
genera and 27 species, are the most abundant; Nymphalidae, 
2 genera and 8 species ; Lemoniidae, 1 genus, 1 species ; Lycae- 
nidae, 3 genera, 8 species ; Pieridae, 6 genera, 14 species ; Papi- 
lionidse, 2 genera, 8 species; Hesperidae, 4 genera, 13 species. 
One genus of Satyridae (Elina) and 2 of Pieridae ( Eroessct and 
Phulia) are peculiar to Chili. The following are the genera 
whose derivation must be traced to the north temperate zone : — 
TetrapUybia , Neosatyrus , and 3 allied genera of 1 species each, 
were formerly included under Erebia, a northern and arctic form, 
yet having a few species in South Africa ; Argyrophorus, allied 
to Muds, a northern genus ; Hipparchia , a northern genus yet 
having a species in Brazil ; — all Satyridae. The Nymphalidae are 
represented by the typical north temperate genus Argynnis, with 
7 species in Chili ; Colias, among the Pieridae, is usually con- 
sidered to be a northern genus, but it possesses representatives 
in South Africa, the Sandwich Islands, Malabar, New Grenada, 
and Peru, as well as Chili, and must rather be classed as 
cosmopolitan. These form a sufficiently remarkable group of 
northern forms, but they are accompanied by others of a wholly 
Neotropical origin. Such are JStibomorpha with 6 species, rang- 
ing through South America to Guatemala, and Eteona, common 
to Chili and Brazil (Satyridae) ; Apodemia (Lemoniidae) confined 
to Tropical America and Chili. Hesperocharis and Callidryas 
(Pieridae), both tropical ; and Thracides (Hesperidae) confined to 
Tropical America and Chili. Other genera are widely scattered; 
as, Epinephile found also in Mexico and Australia; Cupido , 
widely spread in the tropics ; Euryades, found only in La Plata 
and Paraguay, allied to South American forms of Papilio , to the 
Australian Eurycus, and the northern Parnassius ; and Hetemp* 
terns , scattered in Chili, North America, and Tropical Africa. We 
find then, among butterflies, a large north-temperate element. 
