134 
ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY. 
[part hi. 
York are, Scincus, Tropiclolepis, Plestiodon, Zygosoma, Ameiva , and 
Phrynosoma, 
Tortoises, especially the fresh-water kind, are very abun- 
dant; and the genera Aromochelys , Chelydra , Terrapene , and 
Trionyx , are nearly, if not quite, confined to this division of the 
region. 
Amphibia. — Almost all the remarkable forms of Urodela, or 
tailed batrachians, peculiar to the region are found here only; such 
as Siren and PseudobrancJms , constituting the family Sirenidse ; 
Menobranchus, allied to the Proteus of Europe ; Amphiuma , an 
eel-like creature with four rudimentary feet, constituting the 
family Amphiumidse ; Notopthalmus , Desmognathus , and Meno- 
poma, belonging to the Salamandridse ; together with several 
other genera of wider range. Of Anura, or tail-less batrachians, 
there are no peculiar genera, but the Neotropical genus of toads, 
Engystoma , extends as far as South Carolina. 
Fishes. — Owing to its possession of the Mississippi and the 
great lakes, almost all the peculiar forms of North American 
fishes are confined to this sub-region. Such are Perea, Pileoma , 
Euro, Bryttus, and Pomotis (Percidse) ; the families Aphredode- 
ridse and Percopsidse ; several genera of Cyprinodontidse and 
Cyprinidae ; and the family Polydontidse. 
Islands of the Alleghany Sub-region. 
The Bermudas. — These islands, situated in the Atlantic, about 
700 miles from the coast of Carolina, are chiefly interesting for 
the proof they afford of the power of a great variety of birds to 
cross so wide an extent of ocean. There are only 6 or 8 species 
of birds which are permanent residents on the islands, all com- 
mon North American species; while no less than 140 species 
have been recorded as visiting them. Most of these are 
stragglers, many only noticed once ; others appear frequently 
and in great numbers, but very few, perhaps not a dozen, come 
every year, and can be considered regular migrants. The per- 
manent residents are, a greenlet ( Vireo novel or acensis), the cat- 
bird ( Galeoscoptes carolinensis), the blue bird ( Sialia sialis), the 
cardinal ( 'Cardinalis virginiamis), the American crow {Corvus 
